• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권9호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop the group counseling program for elderly decreasing the level of depression and preventing suicidal ideation and to evaluate the effectiveness of this program. The subjects of this study were 18 elderly people who are older than 65 years old, they were divided into 2 groups: the experimental group(n = 9) and control group(n = 9). The experimental group participated in the group counseling program. The programs of these experimental groups were implemented twice a week for 90-120 minutes per session over 6-week period. But there were no treatments for the control group. The pre-test, the post-test and the follow-up test were implemented in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. The instruments used in the study were the Korean Dementia Rating Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form-Korean Version and the Scale for Suicidal Ideation. The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed Ranks Test. The findings of the study were as follows: The experimental group had significant effects on decreasing the level of depression and the suicidal ideation. Meanwhile the control group were increasing the depression and did not show any significant change in the suicidal ideation. Based on these findings, the limitation of the study was discussed, and further research was suggested.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.235-245
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• 2021

Objectives: To provide clinical evidence of pharmacopuncture treatment for post-stroke depression by reviewing randomized controlled trials on Traditional Chinese medicine pharmacopuncture for post-stroke depression. Methods: Randomized controlled trials on pharmacopuncture treatment for post-stroke depression were searched from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Literature searches of English and Chinese databases were performed. Selected literature was assessed with the Jadad scale. Results: Twelve papers were selected from 20 studies. The following results were obtained: 1) Pharmacopuncture was used for post-stroke depression; 2) Dengzhan-Xixin was the most used injection medicine for post-stroke depression; 3) BaiHui (GV20) was the most used in pharmacopuncture treatment; 4) Based on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), it was confirmed that all studies using pharmacopunture had significant efficacy. Conclusions: For the treatment of post-stroke depression, Dengzhans-Xixin was commonly used as an injectable medication. Additional research studies on pharmacopuncture including its practical use are needed.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2018

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychopathological features such as depression and anxiety in schizophrenics with obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) as well as the severity of OCS according to duration of schizophrenia. Methods We randomly selected sixty four inpatients with schizophrenia. We classified the patients into two groups (OCS group, non-OCS group) according to the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). Clinical and demographic features were evaluated. To assess OCS, Y-BOCS were performed. The Korean version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(K-PANSS), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Korean version of the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (K-CDSS), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) were conducted. Independent t-test and chi-square test were conducted to compare the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between the duration of schizophrenia and the Y-BOCS score. Results The Y-BOCS, K-CDSS, and BAI scores were higher in the OCS group. There was a significant correlation between the duration of schizophrenia and the Y-BOCS score. Conclusions Anxiety and depression symptoms were severe in the OCS group. In addition, the results of this study indicate that the longer duration of schizophrenia, the more severe the OCS. Therefore, the evaluation of OCS in schizophrenics should be accompanied by treatment intervention.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2019

Objective : This study was performed to report two cases diagnosed with the Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system (DPIDS) and treated with Jeodang-tang. Methods : Based on DPIDS, we analyzed two cases treated with Jeodang-tang. Results : In the first case, the bipolar depression rating scale (BDRS) score improved from 44 to 13. In the second case, the fatigue severity scale (FSS) score improved from 55 to 24. Conclusions : In Shanghanlun, Jeodang-tang may not only treat pattern/syndrome of blood stasis but also many other diseases.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.280-292
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to assess the sedative effect of three kinds of medication for management of the uncooperative 60 children aged from 16 months to 87 months required extensive treatment. The patients were given randomly a dose of 75mg/kg of chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine 25mg orally or 0.5mg/kg of midazolam orally or 0.3mg/kg of midazolam intranasally. All the children were restrained in a Pediwrap and were monitored with Pulse oximeter for assessing the safety of patients. According to rating scale, sleep, crying, movement, and overall behavior were checked for evaluation of the clinical sedative effect. The results were as follows: 1. In the evaluation of sleep, rating scale of chloral hydrate/hydroxyzine was superior to the other group(p<0.05). 2. In the evaluation of crying and movement at beginning of treatment, rating scale of chloral hydrate/hydroxyzine was superior to the other group(p<0.05), but during the treatment, rating scale of each group was not significantly different (p>0.05). 3. In the evaluation of overall behavior, 80% children of chloral hydrate/hydroxyzine were rated good or very good. With the oral and intranasal midazolam, 60% children were rated good or very good respectively. 4. There were no clinical signs of significant cyanosis and respiratory depression. Clinically, chloral hydrate/hydroxyzine was proved to be more effective sedation than any other sedative method. Oral and intranasal midazolam were also safe and effective sedation in young children undergoing pediatric dental procedures.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.429-444
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• 1999

This study was performed to explore the effects of a dance therapy on physical and psychological characteristics in the elderly. The design of this study was a non-equivalent pre-post test experiment. The subjects consisted of elderly persons living in a facility located in Suweon and Bucheon. Fifty eight subjects, aged between 65 and 93 years who had normal cognition, sensory function, balance, and resting blood pressure. They underwent tests of balance, flexibility, muscle strength, depression, and anxiety as baseline data before dance therapy, and at 6th week and at the end of the 12nd week after following dance therapy. Twenty seven elderly persons were assigned to the experimental group and participated with the dance therapy between April and July, 1998. The dance therapy was developed by the author with the help of a dance therapist and a physiatrist. This therapy was based on the Marian Chace's dance therapy and Korean traditional dance with music. The dance therapy consists of 50 minutes session, 3 times a week for 12 weeks. One session was consisted of warming-up, expression, catharsis, sharing, and closing stage. The intensity of the dance therapy was at the 40 % of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. Data were analysed with mead standard deviation, Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni multiple regression using SAS program. 1. The results related to the physical characteristics were as follows : 1) The balance (standing on one leg, walking on the balancing bar), flexibility and muscle strength (knee extensor, knee flexor, ankle plantarflexor and dorsiflexor) of the experimental subjects significantly increased over time mere than that of the control subjects. 2) The experimental group had significantly higher score for balance, flexibility, muscle strength of knee extensor, and knee flexor than the control group at the 12nd week after dance therapy. 3) The experimental group had significantly higher score for muscle strength of ankle dorsiflexor and plantarflexor than the control group at the 6th week and the 12nd week after dance therapy. 2. The results related to psychological characteristics were as follows : 1) Scores of Geriatric Depression Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale of the experimental group were significantly decreased over time more than that of the control group. 2) The experimental group had significantly lower score for depression than the control group at the 12nd week after dance therapy. 3) The experimental group had significantly lower score for anxiety than the control group at the 6th week and the 12nd week after dance therapy. The findings showed that the dance therapy could be effective in improving the balances, flexibility, and muscle strength of lower limb, and effective in decreasing the depression and anxiety of the elderly. Additional merits of the dance therapy would be inexpensiveness, easy accessibility, and increasing interpersonal relationship. It can be suggested that the dance therapy is effective in the health promotion of the elderly.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.193-203
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• 2001

본 연구는 노인의 신체적 건강과 우울과의 관계를 파악하기 위한 조사연구이다. 본 연구의 대상자는 대구시에 거주하는 가정노인으로 노인 대상자 중 55세 이상인 자, 노화에 의한 시청각 장애가 심하지 않은 자, 언어적, 비언어적 의사소통이 가능한 자, 연구에 참여하기로 허락한 자로 168명이 선정되었다. 본 연구의 자료수집기간은 2000년 9월 16일부터 10월 16일까지였으며 설문지의 목적을 이해하고 면접방법에 대해 훈련받은 간호학과 학생들이 노인이 있는 가정을 방문하여 대상자를 일대일로 면접하였다. 면접자가 직접 기록하여 회수율이 100%였으며 설문지 작성에 소요되는 시간은 30-40분정도였다. 연구도구는 일반적 특성, 단축형 노인 우울척도(Short form Geriatric Depression Scale)(Sheikh와 Yesavage, 1986), Barthel의 Index(Mahoney와 Barthel, 1965)를 수정한 식사능력, 목욕능력, 세면능력, 화장실 사용능력 등으로 구성된 일상활동 능력 측정도구, 근골격계 증상(통증) 측정도구, Northern Illinois University에서 개발한 Health Self Rating Scale를 수정한 도구로 구성되었다. 자료의 분석은 SPSS WIN 10.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하였으며 연구목적에 따라 서술통계방법 (실수, 백분율), t-test, ANOVA, Pear son Correlation Coefficient, stepwise multiple regression을 이용하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 일반적 특성 중 연령(F=3.17, p=0.026), 배우자 유무(t=-2.44, p=0.016)에 따라 대상자의 우울이 통계적으로 매우 유의한 차이가 있었다. 집단간 차이를 보기 위해 사후검증한 결과 75-84세군이 65-74세군보다 우울 정도가 유의하게 높았으며 무배우자인 대상자의 우울 점수가 유배우자 보다 높았다. 2. 신체적 건강에 따른 우울 정도를 분석한 결과 일상활동능력(ADL)은 6-9점(세가지 이상의존)인 경우가 10- 12점(한 두가지 의존 또는 완전독립)인 경우보다 우울 정도가 유의하게 높았다(t=3.93, p=0.000). 근골격계 증상은 11- 13점(세 가지 이상 증상 있음), 14점 (모든 증상 있음)인 경우가 7점(전혀 증상없음)인 경우보다 우울 정도가 유의하게 높았다(F=5.33, p=0.002). 지각된 건강상태는 건강상태가 나쁘다고 응답한 대상자일수록 우울 정도가 높았다(F=17.04, p=0.000). 3. 일상활동능력이 적을수록(r=-0.293, p=0.000), 근골격계 증상이 많을수록(r=.251, p=0.001), 지각된 건강상태가 나쁠수록(r=-0.522, p=0.000) 대상자의 우울 정도가 높게 나타났다. 4. 신체적 건강 요인들의 우울에 대한 설명력은 29.1%이었으며, 이 중 지각된 건강상태의 표준 회귀계수(Beta)가 -0.456으로 가장 좋은 설명력을 가졌으며 일상활동능력(Beta=-0.140)의 순으로 좋은 설명력을 가졌다. 이상의 연구결과를 토대로 다음을 제안하고자 한다. 1. 우울 정도가 높은 가정노인을 간호하기 위해 가정노인의 우울에 영향을 주는 일상활동능력, 근골격계 증상, 지각된 건강상태 및 인구학적 특성(연령, 배우자 유무)을 고려한 건강프로그램의 개발이 필요하다. 2. 추후 연구에서는 가정노인의 신체적 건강을 측정하기 위해 다양한 도구를 사용할 것을 제안한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.375-385
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and test a structural model for chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment of breast cancer patients based on a literature review and Hess and Insel's chemotherapy-related cognitive change model. Methods: The Participants consisted of 250 patients who were ${\geq}19$ years of age. The assessment tools included the Menopause Rating Scale, Symptom Experience Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Everyday Cognition, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs. Results: The modified model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were ${\chi}^2=423.18$ (p<.001), ${\chi}^2/df=3.38$, CFI=.91, NFI=.91, TLI=.89, SRMR=.05, RMSEA=.09, and AIC=515.18. Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment was directly influenced by menopausal symptoms (${\beta}=.38$, p=.002), depression and anxiety (${\beta}=.25$, p=.002), and symptom experiences (${\beta}=.19$, p=.012). These predictors explained 47.7% of the variance in chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment. Depression and anxiety mediated the relations among menopausal symptoms, symptom experiences, and with chemotherapy related cognitive impairment. Depression and anxiety (${\beta}=-.51$, p=.001), symptom experiences (${\beta}=-.27$, p=.001), menopausal symptoms (${\beta}=-.22$, p=.008), and chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (${\beta}=-.15$, p=.024) had direct effects on the quality of life and these variables explained 91.3%. Conclusion: These results suggest that chemotherapy-related toxicity is highly associated with cognitive decline and quality of life in women with breast cancer. Depression and anxiety increased vulnerability to cognitive impairment after chemotherapy. Nursing intervention is needed to relieve chemotherapy-related toxicity and psychological factor as well as cognitive decline for quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.701-708
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• 2005

Purpose. This study examined the characteristics of fatigue and the relationship between fatigue and its related factors in Korean patients on hemodialysis. Methods. A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 104 patients on hemodialysis in Seoul, Korea. Finding. Of a total of 104 subjects, eighty-one ($77.9\%$) complained of fatigue. Fatigue severity was measured by the self-rating Visual Analogue Scale-Fatigue (VAS-F) with a mean score of 36.5 (SD = 17.49, range 2 - 81). The mean duration of fatigue was 3.8 hours (SD = 5.3, range 0 - 24). Depression was most significantly correlated with fatigue (beta = .43, p<.00), with interdialytic weight gain (beta = .25, p<.05) being the second most significant correlate. Conclusion. This study shows that nursing interventions for patients who experience fatigue while on hemodialysis should be focused on both psychological problems, such as depression, as well as on physiological problems, such as interdialytic weight gain.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.525-537
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• 2013

This study investigated the relations among a child's emotionality, mother's depression and parenting behaviors in predicting a child's happiness. Participants were 384 children(175 boys, 209 girls) and their mothers. The teachers completed the rating scale to measure a child's happiness. A child's emotionality, mother's depression and parenting behaviors were assessed by a mother-reported questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations, and hierarchical multiple regressions. Results showed that child's emotionality was negatively related to their happiness. Mother's depression had a negative relation to child's happiness. Mother's warmth-encouragement, overprotection-permission, and reject-nonintervention was significantly related to a child's happiness. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the interaction of child's emotionality and mother's reject-nonintervention predicted child's happiness. Child's emotionality, whose mother demonstrated a higher level of reject-nonintervention, was associated significantly with happiness. In addition, the association between mother's depression and child's happiness was mediated by mother's warmth-encouragement and reject-nonintervention. Results suggest the importance of mother's role in the context of intervention planning for child's happiness.