• 한국가족관계학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.3-23
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of symptoms of dementia elderly on the primary caregiver's depression. In addition, moderating effect of family support was examined. Based on the results, the necessity for intervention in the level of social welfare as a way to mitigate primary caregiver's depression was suggested. Method: In order to accomplish these purposes, a total of 197 who are spouse and adult-children of dementia elderly using day care facilities or services in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Busan province, South Korea were utilized. Data were analyzed by frequency analysis and descriptive statistics, regression model analysis with SPSS 18.0. Results: In case of analysis results, the mean value was reported 0.9 out of four point about primary caregiver's depression and the mean value of family support was reported 3.34 out of five point. And besides, the analysis result of dementia elderly's symptoms showed that prevalence of depression/dysphoria were 62.2%, prevalence of aberrant motor were 61.3%, prevalence of apathy/indifference were 56.6%. Crucial findings are as follows: the symptoms of dementia elderly was significantly associated with the primary caregiver's depression. At the same time, family support significantly influenced lower level of the primary caregiver's depression. While, in the relationship between the symptoms of dementia elderly and the primary caregiver's depression, family support has a moderation effect by important protection factor. Conclusions: From these findings, the necessities to provide the care service for dementia elderly to help improve symptoms of dementia as well as the policy and service to manage the mental health of the family as primary caregiver were suggested. Also, the necessities to provide the family therapy program to improve the relationship with family members were suggested.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive functions, depression, and life satisfaction among the elderly receiving visiting nursing services. Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of 221 elderly individuals who were receiving visiting nursing services from a public health center located in Gyeonggi-do. The Mini-mental State Examination Korea version (MMSE-K), Geriatric Depression Scale-short form-Korea version (GDS-K), and Life Satisfaction Scale were utilized to determine cognitive functions, depression, and life satisfaction, Collected data was analyzed by the SPSS PC Win 12,0 program. Results: The prevalence of cognitive impairment (MMSE-K$\leq$24) was 86.4%, and the proportion of severe depression (GDS-K$\leq$10) was 22,6%, Older age, lower education, and low income were associated with cognitive impairment, and low education, no religion, and low income were associated with depression. Cognitive function negatively correlated with depression. Life satisfaction level was fairly low and was not associated with any variables. Conclusion: The high prevalence of cognitive impairment and low life satisfaction status were determined among low-income elderly who were registered at a visiting health care center. Thus, in the future at visiting health care services, efficient and various programs for the elderly should be tried, to improve cognitive functions and reduce depression. Additionally, consistent evaluation studies for those programs will be required.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.584-594
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of visual and hearing impairment and to investigate the effect of visual and hearing impairment on depression and cognitive function in community-dwelling Korean elderly. Methods: The study population consisted of a representative community sample of 4,028 persons aged 65 and older from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging 2008. Depression and cognitive function were measured by CES-D 10-item scale and K-MMSE. Visual and hearing impairment were measured by 5-Likert scale. Data were analyzed using Rao-Scott ${\chi}^2$-test, simple and multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of visual and hearing impairment were 37.3% and 14.0%, respectively. Of the participants, the prevalence of depression was 58.4% and cognitive impairment was 50.6%. There were significant differences in depression and cognitive function according to visual and hearing impairment. Far vision and hearing impairment were predictors for both depression and cognitive impairment even after covariates had been adjusted. Conclusion: These data suggest that visual and hearing impairment in older adults may increase their probability of experiencing depression and cognitive impairment. Thus sensory impairment should be considered a risk factor for mental health and the cognitive function of elderly.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and the predictors of depression in elderly patients admitted to hospital. Methods: A sample of 157 subjects aged 65 and over was selected from a university hospital in Korea. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires during the period from April to August 2012. The data were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVAs, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regressions with the SPSS/Win program. Results: The prevalence of depression was 54.8%; the mean score for depression was 17.30. Depression in elderly patients had a significant correlation with age, educational level, marital status, and perceived economy level from the demographic characteristics, self-efficacy, and family support. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that a combination of self-efficacy and family support accounted for 27% of the depression in elderly patients. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that programs designed to effectively prevent and manage depression among elderly patients should consider variables such as self-efficacy and family support.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide basic evidence on the need to approach osteoarthritis patients through a psychological factors-considering rehabilitation program by understanding how activity restrictions in osteoarthritis affect health-related quality of life and depression. Methods: This study assessed 3,761 osteoarthritis patients from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects were divided into two categories: with and without activity restriction. Results: The prevalence of osteoarthritis in women was higher than that of men (men: 19.7%; women: 80.3%), and high BMI increased the prevalence of osteoarthritis. The EQ-5D index of subjects with activity restriction was 0.84±0.18 (points), while in those without activity restriction was 0.93±0.12, and the diagnosis of depression was 15.8%, 8.2%. There was a statistically significant difference in the odds ratio for each item in the EQ-5D. Moreover, the odds ratio for depression with activity restriction was 2.098 compared with no activity restriction. Conclusion: Activity restriction of osteoarthritis patients significantly decreases the health-related quality of life and increase the probability of depression. Therefore, early diagnosis of depression symptoms to prevent deterioration of symptoms in patients with osteoarthritis and to increase compliance with rehabilitation treatment, and to provide arbitration, including treatment that can alleviate depression.

• 노인간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2018

Purpose: Post Stroke Depression (PSD) is one of the most common complications for stroke survivors and is associated with negative health outcomes such as disability, death. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of PSD among older Korean adults living in the community. Methods: Data collection was done using the 2014 Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Adults. Participants were 706 older adults who had a stroke. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of PSD. Results: The prevalence of PSD which was assessed by the short form of the geriatric depression scale was 49.4%. In a logistic regression model, the predictors of PSD were self-rated health (OR=5.90, CI=3.70~9.40), economic state (OR=2.97, CI=2.07~4.24), independent activities of daily living (IADL) (OR=2.17, CI=1.30~3.63), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (OR=2.02, CI=1.07~3.80), and education (OR=1.53, CI=1.05~2.24). Conclusion: PSD was common among older Korean adults living in the community. Poor self-rated health status, lower economic state, lower levels of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and ADL, lower levels of education should be considered when conducting activities related to prevention and management of PSD in older adults.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1388-1394
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• 2004

Purpose. Korean women are likely to experience symptoms of depression, possibly due to socially fixed limitations on the roles that Korean women are expected to perform. Also if a Korean woman experinces negative relationship problem or stress in her family, she would feel responsible, which will worsen her depression. Nonetheless, much of the research on depression among Korean women has focused on menopausal women. This study aims to understand the depression of Korean women to provide fundamental data to develop nursing intervention method for promoting women's health. Methods. The present investigation assessed the prevalence and correlates of depression in a large sample of Korean women, aged 18 or older, from the general population. With a probability sample of 3312 women drawn from two areas in Korea, a survey, which contains the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and background, was completed. Results. According to CES-D classification criteria, $36.5\%$ of the women in the sample displayed either no depression or mild depression, $55.6\%$ exhibited moderate depression, and $7.8\%$ manifested severe depression. Significant bivariate relationships were observed between depression and each measured background variable except alcohol use. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the strongest combination of predictors of depression included income, menopausal, and marital status. Conclusion. The data support the premise that Korean women disproportionately experience elevated levels of depression. Consistent with the theory, depression may be related to social pressures to conform to the traditional roles. The study suggests the need for further research, primary prevention activities, and increased access to treatment.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.416-423
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• 2022

본 연구는 한국 성인 인구집단의 지난 1년간 정신건강 상담 이행 여부와 우울증 현재 유병 여부와의 관계를 확인하기 위한 2차 자료 분석연구이다. 연구자료는 질병관리청에서 수행한 국민건강영양조사 제 7기 3차 연도(2018년) 원시자료로부터 추출되었다. 연구대상자는 2018년 1월부터 12월까지 수행된 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 대상자 중 만 19세 이상의 성인 인구 6,238명이었다. 자료 분석은 SPSS/WIN 27.0 version 프로그램을 이용하였다. 일반적 특성은 복합표본 빈도 분석을, 일반적 특성과 지난 1년간 정신건강 상담 이행 여부와의 관련성, 일반적 특성과 우울증 현재 유병 여부와의 관련성, 지난 1년간 정신건강 상담과 우울증 현재 유병과의 관련성 등은 복합표본 로지스틱 회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 지난 1년간 정신건강 상담 이행 여부는 성별, 결혼상태, 경제활동 여부, 소득수준 등과 유의한 연관성이 있었다(p<0.05). 우울증 현재 유병 여부는 연령 변수와 유의한 연관성이 있었다(p<0.0001). 지난 1년간 정신건강 상담을 이행한 대상자가 그렇지 않은 대상자에 비해 우울증 현재 유병의 오즈비가 5.09배(OR, 5.085; p<0.0001)가 더 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 한국 성인인구집단의 정신건강에 관한 취약한 요인을 예측함으로써 우울증 예방 및 관리를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of depression and its affecting factors among a community dwelling elderly with Arthritis in Korea. A total of 4,050 subjects from the 2008 Korean National Older Adults Life Survey were selected. The data analysis was performed using the complex sampling function of SPSS version 20.0. Logistic regression analysis shows that depression was more prevalent as elderly who were uneducated, who had ADL limitation, who did smoke currently or formerly than had never smoked. The finding of prevalence of its risk factors is expected to promote the screening or prevention strategy for community dwelling elderly with Arthritis in Korea.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.412-429
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• 1993

For the purpose of promotion of mental health in the rural elderly, the author surveyed 558 elderlies aged 60 years or more, and assessed the prevalence rates of depression and cognitive impairment by using self-rating depression scale of Zung (SDS) and the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (MMSEK). Also the association between depression or cognitive function and socio-environmental factors were investigated. The major findings were as follows ; 1. The prevalence rates of severe depression and cognitive impairment were 20.9% and 14.9% in all the elderly of both sexes, respectively. 2. The rates of depression and cognitive impairment increased with increasing age in both sex groups. The mean scores of SDS increased and the mean scores of MMSEK decreased significantly among them (p<0.01). 3. Those being female, widows or widowers, and those having low levels of physical activity, showed significantly high the mean scores of depression and had significantly low the mean scores of cognitive impairment (p<0.01). 4. The depression scores relating to decreased libido, confusion, psychomotor retardation, hopelessness and indecisiveness were relatively high in both sexes. 5. All the items of mini-mental state examination were significantly correlated with depression. 6. In stepwise multiple regression analysis on depression, MMSEK, level of physical activity, chronic disease, marital status and family income were selected as highly correlated variables, and the $R^2$-value for these variables was 33.7%. 7. In stepwise multiple regression analysis on cognitive function, level of physical activity, age, depression, sex and marital status were selected as highly correlated variables, and the $R^2$-value for these variables was 62.6%. The depression and cognitive impairment of the elderly were positively correlated with nearly all sociodemographic variables.