• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.221-224
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• 2013

Despite the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has been widely used in anesthesia, its use is rare in the field of dentistry. Placing LMA in the oral cavity may interrupt dental treatment. However, there are some circumstances in which LMA is more advantageous than tracheal intubation for managing the airway. Especially, the reinforced LMA has a flexible tube shaft, rendering it more accessible for dental treatment. We report a case of dental treatment of a 3-year-old patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome combined with pulmonary hypertension using reinforced LMA for airway management under general anesthesia. We also discuss the considerations of utilizing the reinforced LMA for dental treatment.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.275-281
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• 2008

Background: This research aims to provide basic data for dental hygienists to implement the infection control after understanding the level of their implementation of infection control in case they have been trained of infection control or not. Method: The respondents in this research are the dental hygienists who worked in the Incheon or Gyeonggi areas between June 16 and July 5, 2008 and who attended complementary training conducted by the Seoul Branch of Korean Dental Hygienists Association in April 2008. A total of 191 questionnaires were distributed to them, and the frequency of the collected data was analyzed using SPSS WIN 12.0. Moreover, cross-tabulation analysis (${\chi}^2$) whose significance level was 0.05, was applied to the data in order to verify the statistical significance of the survey method. Result: There was significant difference in their practice to wear gloves and/or a mask, use a disposable apron and the time to change the apron depending upon the respondents' workplace. There was significant difference in the time to change their apron depending upon the respondents' time of service. 91.6% had been trained in the infection control: of them, 70.7% trained at their school. It was found that 68.6% of the respondents who had been trained in the infection control would wash their hands before treating a patient. 50.3% of the respondents who had been trained in the prevention of contamination would wear their gloves as needed for a basic treatment. Conclusion: Considering the above results of this research, it is concluded that it is necessary to provide practicing dental hygienists with many opportunities for systematic and practical training so that they may faithfully follow the guidelines for the prevention of contamination and to encourage hospitals to have a greater store of relevant facilities, equipment and supplies.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.169-178
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the actual state of dental hygienist's behavior for infection control during dental practice and radiologic examination and to evaluate the dental hygienist's awareness of the importance of infection control in dental office. Methods : A survey on 218 dental hygienists was carried out. The respondents to complete a questionnaire were the dental hygienists who were in dental office on Gwang-ju area or attended complementary training conducted by the Seoul Branch of Korean Dental Hygienists Association in April 2010. The data were collected and analyzed with $x^2$ test, t-test, ANOVA using SPSS program. Results : The ratios of educational experience for infection control in dental practice and radiologic examination room accounted for 87.6% and 30.3% respectively. Behavior degree of mask-wearing in the dental practice and radiologic examination room were $4.60{\pm}0.70$ and $3.77{\pm}1.09$ respectively. Behavior degree of glove-wearing in the dental practice and radiologic examination room were $4.40{\pm}0.91$ and $3.68{\pm}1.17$ respectively. In case of the relation between educational experience and behavior degree in mask-wearing or glove-wearing, there was no significant difference in the performance of mask or glove wearing during dental practice, and mask-wearing during radiologic examination. However, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the performance of glove-wearing during radiologic examination, which revealed that behavior degree between the respondents having educational experience and the others no having it were $3.92{\pm}1.19$ and $3.58{\pm}1.14$ respectively. The surface disinfection control for radiation and protective equipments used in radiologic examination room was done by occasional needs without premeditated schedules. Conclusions : The result of this study shows lower behavior degree during radiologic examination compared with one during dental practice. We suggest that there are needs to raise the awareness of infection control and to improve infection control behavior, and through this study, the importance of education was verified.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.591-596
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• 2022

Various COVID-19 quarantine guidelines and measures are being taken by country at the WHO, but the number of confirmed cases has not decreased significantly. In order to prevent the inflow and outflow of COVID-19 through individual droplets, it is mandatory to wear a mask anytime, anywhere. However, as virus bacteria entering the mask amplify, it pollutes the mask and causes a disgusting smell. In this paper, a new method of preventing the spread of COVID-19 was proposed by sterilizing the mask with a dental gait spray introduced into the mask that has been used for a long time. Dental gargle water is usually produced by electrolysis of tap water, and the unstable ion water (HOCl) dissolved in water penetrates the cell barrier of various viruses and fails to act in its nucleus, causing water to self-purify. As a result of the experiment, when the mask used for a long time was washed with gargle water spray, the washed mask was dried after 10 minutes, and the smell of virus droplets or saliva almost disappeared. In particular, as a result of MOS testing the fit of the subjects who participated in the mask cleaning, it was excellent at 4.4 on average. Therefore, the mask was disposable, but if the spray was washed in the proposed method more than twice a day, the mask could be used in a comfortable state for more than a week.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between wearing masks and subjective symptoms of halitosis in the COVID-19 situation. The survey was conducted from June 15 to July 31, 2022, among university students aged 19 years or older in Daegu and Gyeongbuk, 1. Subjective symptoms of halitosis were found to be higher in males and students being treated for periodontal diseases. 2. The subjective symptoms of halitosis were found to be higher in subjects with psychological anxiety, even though they did not have halitosis. 3. As a result of examining the subjective symptoms of halitosis, it was found that there were more subjects who were aware of halitosis while wearing a mask than those who were not. In view of the above results, it is thought that because of prolonged wearing of masks due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation, the difficulty faced in oral health management increases the symptoms of halitosis. Therefore, it is considered that oral health education in the era of corona should be accompanied by proper wearing of masks and halitosis management education.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2011

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate working environment for dental technician by measuring dust level, ventilation conditions and the use of personal protective equipment and to provide basic information required to improve working environment and develop health education programs for dental technician. Methods: A total of 240 dental technician who are registered with the Daegu Association of Dental technician and working at 34 dental laboratories participated in the study. And the dust level was measured at 21 different spots in 16 dental laboratories out of 34. Results: Of 34 dental laboratories, 31 (91.2%) were equipped with a ventilator, but the remaining 3 (8.8%) did not have a ventilator. By the number of ventilator, 1 to 3 ventilators were found in 22 dental laboratories (71.0%), 4 to 6 ventilators were in 7 laboratories (22.5%) and more than 7 ventilators in 2 laboratories(6.5%). According to the frequence of changing filters in dust collector, 20 dental laboratories (58.9%) changed filters every four weeks, 10 laboratories (29.4%) changed them every six weeks and 4 laboratories (11.7%) changed them every eight weeks. Of total respondents, 114 (61.3%) said they wore a mask all the time while working, 56 (29.6%) said they frequently wore a mask, 19 (10.1%) said they did not wear a mask. As for the type of masks, 159 (84.1%) used a disposable mask, 25 (13.2%) used a cotton mask and 5 (2.7%) used an anti-dust mask. For dust sat on their outfits while working, 102 (54.0%) shook their uniforms inside workplace to keep dust off the uniforms, 64 (33.9%) did not anything until they wash their uniforms and 23 (12.1%) shook their uniforms outside workplace to keep dust off the uniforms. Of total respondents, 182 (96.3%) had a particle in their eyes while carrying out grinding work. Based on the measurement of floating dust at workplace, 3 dental laboratories showed dust concentration exceeding the minimum level of 10 mg/$m^3$ allowed under the permit for environment. Of those, 1 laboratory had the dust concentration that was more than 1.5 times higher than the minimum level. Dust concentration was higher in laboratories that used a dust collector with 0.5 horse power and changed filters more than 3 weeks ago. Dust comprised of nickel (more than 70%), chrome (9%) and others. The mean chrome concentration was more than twice higher than the minimum permissible level of 0.5 mg/$m^3$. There were two laboratories that showed chrome concentration exceeding the level of 0.4 mg/$m^3$. Like dust concentration, chrome level was higher in laboratories that used a dust collector with 0.5 horse power and changed filters more than 3 weeks ago. There were six laboratories that had nickel concentration exceeding the minimum permissible level of 1 mg/$m^3$. Of those, one laboratory had nickel concentration that was more than three times higher than the minimum permissible level. Nickel concentration was also higher in laboratories that used a dust collector with 0.5 horse power and changed filters more than 3 weeks ago. Conclusion: It is not likely that heavy metal concentrations found in the study constitute respiratory dust. It is however necessary for health of dental technician to apply the Industrial Safety and Healthy Law to dental laboratories and make recommendations for the use of personal protective equipment, installation of a proper number of ventilators, more frequent change of filters in dust collector and improved ventilation for polishing work. At the same time, dental technician need education on how to use personal protective equipment and how to efficiently remove dust from their uniforms.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.637-647
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to enhance infection control and to establish the fundamental and practical improvement by the survey on personal protection of dental personnels with health science college students. Methods : We performed the survey with 585 individual students affiliated with health science in Jeonbuk province and statistically analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program. Results : The frequencies of the clinic gown as a personal protection were 96.0% of dentists (p<0.01) and 88.0% of dental hygienists (p<0.05) respectively in college-associated dental hospital when we compared with institution scale. The frequencies of the medical gloves as a compulsory personal protection were 47.2% of dentists and 34.6% of dental hygienists respectively (p<0.001). The frequencies of the medical mask as a compulsory personal protection were 84.0% of dentists (p<0.001) and 52.2% of dental hygienists (p<0.05) respectively shown by freshman students. The frequencies of the safety glasses as a compulsory personal protection were 12.3% of dentists and 2.5% of dental hygienists shown by freshman students (p<0.001). Conclusions : The results reflect that current dental personnel's concern of personal protection need to be increased continuously in accordance with current demands and eventually suggest their effort to put their action on personal protection in their dental office.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.324-333
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• 2022

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study is to evaluate translucency and masking ability of translucent zirconia compared to conventional zirconia and lithium disilicate materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three types of zirconia blocks with different yttria contents (3Y, 4Y, 5.5Y) and LS blocks (Rosetta SM) were used. Ten specimens for each group were fabricated with 10 mm diameter, with both 0.8 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses (± 0.02 mm). All groups of zirconia specimens were sintered and polished according to the manufacturer's instructions. To calculate the translucency parameter (TP), CIELAB value was measured with a spectrophotometer on black and white backgrounds. To investigate the color masking abilities, background shades of A2, normal dentin, discolored dentin, and titanium were used. The color difference (ΔE) was calculated with the CIELAB values of A2 shade background as a reference compared with the values in the various backgrounds. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests were conducted (P < .05). RESULTS. The TP values of zirconia specimens increased as the yttria content increased. All materials used in the study were able to adequately mask normal dentin shade (ΔE < 5.5), but were incapable of masking severely discolored dentin (ΔE > 5.5). On the titanium background, all materials of 1.5 mm thickness were able to mask the background shade, but with a thickness of 0.8 mm, only 3Y-TZP and 4Y-PSZ were able to mask titanium background. CONCLUSION. All zirconia materials and lithium disilicate specimens used in this study were unable to adequately mask the shade of severely discolored dentin. It is recommended to use 3Y-TZP or 4Y-PSZ with a sufficient thickness of 0.8 mm or more to mask titanium.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.179-185
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data on the negative factors of oral health in masks and the importance of oral health management according to the use of masks to prevent novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). From May 3 to 31, 2021, 232 adults aged 20 to 59 across the country were surveyed and statistically analyzed. As for the mask selection, 63.9% of men and 61.3% of women chose the KF_94 mask for both men and women, and it was found that the older they were, the more they chose the KF_94 mask. Self-recognition of dry mouth and bad breath due to wearing a mask showed that the group wearing a cotton mask felt high dry mouth, and there was a statistically significant difference. There was a significant positive correlation between mask type, dry mouth(r=.142, p<.05), and age(r=.234, p<.01). There was a significant positive correlation between mask wearing time and age(r=.158, p<.05), and it was found to be negatively correlated according to occupation, and was statistically significant(r=-.472, p< .01). Dry mouth had a statistically significant positive correlation with bad breath(r=3.04, p<.01) and age(r=.224, p<.01).

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.193-202
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• 2013

This study aimed to investigate and compare the perception of personal protective equipments and instrument sterilization of students who are in attendance at colleges and universities and which have bedside training as a regular subject in their curriculum for third-year students. 'Completely True' is the highest response to the question about the importance of wearing gloves, mask and medical gown from all groups. 'Completely True' is the highest response to the question about the necessity for replacement of gloves from all groups. 'Moderate True' is the highest response to the question about the necessity for replacement of mask from the group without practical training and 'Completely True' is the highest response to the question about the importance of hair cleanliness from all groups regardless of practical training experience. For the question about the perception of instrument disinfection and sterilization, the group with inside and outside practical training showed the highest perception level. Consequently, the right education for prevention of infection by setting inclusive guidelines to enhance the level of perception and practice seems continuously necessary.