• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.55-58
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• 2013

A ranula is a bluish, transparent, and thin-walled swelling in the floor of the mouth. They originate from the extravasation and subsequent accumulation of saliva from the sublingual gland. Ranulas are usually limited to the sublingual space but they sometimes extend to the submandibular space and parapharyngeal space, which is defined as a plunging ranula. A 21-year-old woman presented with a complaint of a large swelling in the left submandibular region. On contrast-enhanced CT images, it dissected across the midline, and extended to the parapharyngeal space posteriorly and to the submandibular space inferiorly. Several septa and a fluid-fluid level within the lesion were also demonstrated. We diagnosed this lesion as a ranula rather than cystic hygroma due to the location of its center and its sublingual tail sign. As plunging ranula and cystic hygroma are managed with different surgical approaches, it is important to differentiate them radiologically.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.263-267
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• 2021

Periodontal disease is primarily associated with bacterial infection such as dental plaque. Dental plaque, an oral biofilm harboring a complex microbial community, can cause various inflammatory reactions in periodontal tissue. In many cases, the local bacterial invasion and host-mediated immune responses lead to severe alveolar bone destruction. To date, plaque control, non-surgical, and surgical interventions have been the conventional periodontal treatment modalities. Although adjuvant therapies including antibiotics or supplements have accompanied these procedures, their usage has been limited by antibiotic resistance, as well as their partial effectiveness. Therefore, new strategies are needed to control local inflammation in the periodontium and host immune responses. In recent years, target molecules that modulate microbial signaling mechanisms, host inflammatory substances, and bone immune responses have received considerable attention by researchers. In this review, we introduce three approaches that suggest a way forward for the development of new treatments for periodontal disease; (1) quorum quenching using quorum sensing inhibitors, (2) inflammasome targeting, and (3) use of FDA-approved anabolic agents, including Teriparatide and sclerostin antibody.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.65-77
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• 2011

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to provide information about safe actions during the practice of dental technology, promote belief in safe actions among the students of dental technology, and reinforce their knowledge about how to act safety. Methods: Open questions were asked to 120 sophomores majoring dental technology to understand the target group's belief about safe actions. Following the instructions by Ajzen & Fishbein, the collected data were grouped according to similar beliefs. Those beliefs of the highest frequency were given a priority and got to represent the belief level of the target group. Even with belief changes, however, they would not be able to practice safe actions if they had no knowledge about how to do safe actions. For desirable behavioral changes among the students, the students were then asked to discuss the current state of safety accidents and issues focusing on the materials and processes used in the practice and give presentations regarding the subjects to identify risk factors. Then the identified risk factors were used to devise the program contents so that the students could practice safe actions through accurate behavioral approaches and belief changes by educating them about how to act safely by the practice processes and the involved materials and devices. Results: Not only do the students of Dept. of Dental Technicians have difficulties with the complex practice processes while practicing to make dental prosthesis, but they are exposed to the risk of accidents as they're poor at dealing with the materials and devices. Although there is a definite need for accident prevention education programs before practice, the reality is that the school doesn't the schoosuch education. Based on the judgment that an education program designed to reinforce belief for behavioral changes would generate effgrams results, an education program was developed by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB). Along with their beliefs, the current state of accidents n. Basepractice, demand for safety education, and practice level of safe actions were used to device the contents of accident prevention education and to develop an accident prevention education program for dental technology. Conclusion: The study presents an accident prevention education program developed to reinforce dental technology students' beliefs and knowledge and to help them do safe actions during practice.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.126-133
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• 2015

Periodontal tissue destroyed by inflammation is difficult to achieve regeneration of the tissue and esthetic restorations only by surgical methods. In particular, improvement of esthetics is more difficult if the problem is related to the implant. A 23 year old woman suffered from unesthetic anterior implant prosthesis. According to her dental history, a repeated bone graft and soft tissue graft failed at a local dental clinic. It was needed to resolve the inflammation and to improve the esthetics. A free gingival graft and ridge augmentation accompanied by guided bone regeneration and a vascularized interpositional periosteal connective tissue graft was performed. Instead of implant prosthesis, a conventional fixed bridge was adopted for better esthetic result. The patient was satisfied with the esthetic conventional fixed prosthesis. This case report introduces esthetic rehabilitation of unesthetic implant prosthetics in the maxillary anterior dentition by a combination of surgical and prosthetic approaches.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.100-113
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• 2021

Purpose: Previous studies have solely focused on fresh extraction sockets, whereas in clinical settings, alveolar sockets are commonly associated with chronic inflammation. Because the extent of tissue destruction varies depending on the origin and the severity of inflammation, infected alveolar sockets may display various configurations of their remaining soft and hard tissues following tooth extraction. The aim of this study was to classify infected alveolar sockets and to provide the appropriate treatment approaches. Methods: A proposed classification of extraction sockets with chronic inflammation was developed based upon the morphology of the bone defect and soft tissue at the time of tooth extraction. The prevalence of each type of the suggested classification was determined retrospectively in a cohort of patients who underwent, between 2011 and 2015, immediate bone grafting procedures (ridge preservation/augmentation) after tooth extractions at Seoul National University Dental Hospital. Results: The extraction sockets were classified into 5 types: type I, type II, type III, type IV (A & B), and type V. In this system, the severity of bone and soft tissue breakdown increases from type I to type V, while the reconstruction potential and treatment predictability decrease according to the same sequence of socket types. The retrospective screening of the included extraction sites revealed that most of the sockets assigned to ridge preservation displayed features of type IV (86.87%). Conclusions: The present article classified different types of commonly observed infected sockets based on diverse levels of ridge destruction. Type IV sockets, featuring an advanced breakdown of alveolar bone, appear to be more frequent than the other socket types.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.341-350
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• 2021

Purpose: The use of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans in biomedical and dental research is growing rapidly. This study aimed to explore the scientific literature on approaches and applications of micro-CT in restorative dentistry. Materials and Methods: An electronic search of publications from January 2009 to March 2021 was conducted using ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The search included only English-language articles. Therefore, only studies that addressed recent advances and the potential uses of micro-CT in restorative and preventive dentistry were selected. Results: Micro-CT is a tool that enables 3-dimensional imaging on a small scale with very high resolution. In this method, there is no need for sample preparation or slicing. Therefore, it is possible to examine the internal structure of tissue and the internal adaptation of materials to surfaces without destroying them. Due to these advantages, micro-CT has been recommended as a standard imaging tool in dental research for many applications such as tissue engineering, endodontics, restorative dentistry, and research on the mineral density of hard tissues and bone growth. However, the high costs of micro-CT, the time necessary for scanning and reconstruction, computer expertise requirements, and the enormous volume of information are drawbacks. Conclusion: The potential of micro-CT as an emerging, accurate, non-destructive approach is clear, and the valuable research findings reported in the literature provide an impetus for researchers to perform future studies focusing on employing this method in dental research.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2005

This research was conducted in order to collect and arrange an oral health information needed the school oral hygiene as a part of a long term local community oral hygiene development to promote the oral health of the residents in Sung-Nam. After gathering the information of oral hygiene of 12-year old schoolchildren in Sung-Nam, these conclusions are reached: (1) The experience of dental caries in permanent teeth of 12-year old schoolchildren in Sung-Nam was revealed 74.7%, proportion of children with one or more caries in permanent teeth was 36.2%, and DMFT index was 2.75. (2) DT rate was 28.4% in total and regional difference has been revealed. In Sujung-Gu, DT rate was 36,8% and this was nearly as twice as 19.8% in Bundang-Gu. (3) For permanent teeth, fillings requirements for one surface were 26.6%, more that two surfaces were 13.3%. In addition, artificial crown treatment requirements were 1.8%, dental pulp treatment was 5.3%, and extraction requirement was 2.2%. In contrast, holders of pit and fissure sealant were only 27.1%. (4) In Sung-Nam, oral hygiene education campaign for 12-year old schoolchildren needs to be continued. Simultaneously, early stage examination and preventive approaches for decayed teeth such as pit and fissure sealant need to be considered for schoolchildren who have high tendency of dental caries and who are in areas which show high percentage of dental caries occurrence.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.323-341
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• 2019

Background: Local anesthetics alone or in combination with adjuncts, such as oral medications, have routinely been used for pain control during endodontic treatment. The best clinical choice amongst the vast numbers of agents and techniques available for pain control for irreversible pulpitis is unclear. This network meta-analysis combined the available evidence on agents and techniques for pulpal anesthesia in the maxilla and mandible, in order to identify the best amongst these approaches statistically, as a basis for future clinical trials. Methods: Randomized trials in MEDLINE, DARE, and COCHRANE databases were screened based on inclusion criteria and data were extracted. Heterogeneity was assessed and odds ratios were used to estimate effects. Inconsistencies between direct and indirect pooled estimates were evaluated by H-statistics. The Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation working group approach was used to assess evidence quality. Results: Sixty-two studies (nine studies in the maxilla and 53 studies in the mandible) were included in the meta-analysis. Increased mandibular pulpal anesthesia success was observed on premedication with aceclofenac + paracetamol or supplemental 4% articaine buccal infiltration or ibuprofen+paracetamol premedication, all the above mentioned with 2% lignocaine inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). No significant difference was noted for any of the agents investigated in terms of the success rate of maxillary pulpal anesthesia. Conclusion: Direct and indirect comparisons indicated that some combinations of IANB with premedication and/or supplemental infiltration had a greater chance of producing successful mandibular pulpal anesthesia. No ideal technique for maxillary anesthesia emerged. Randomized clinical trials with increased sample size may be needed to provide more conclusive data. Our findings suggest that further high-quality studies are required in order to provide definitive direction to clinicians regarding the best agents and techniques to use for mandibular and maxillary anesthesia for irreversible pulpitis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2002

This study was undertaken to verify various relations between dental health belief and related behaviors in mothers and children. Data for this study were obtained by 264 pairs of 1st and 3rd grade elementary school children and their mothers by self developed questionnaire, The questionnaires are made on the general socio-economical characteristics, the oral health knowledge and the behaviors relative to the oral health and oral health education as to how mothers implement the oral health related activities for their children, while for the children, the questionnaires have been measured relative to the oral health beliefs and health behaviors for the children. The obtained results have shown that mothers become with more ages, the usefulness to prevent children's oral diseases becomes lower, and as much as mothers have higher education level, the sensitivity relative to the oral diseases has been measured low. To the degree that the students live well in economical respect, it has been found that they placed more importance on the oral health. As much as the number of mothers tooth brushing becomes made more in a day, the tooth brushing of the children becomes more that much, and also has higher level of oral health beliefs. The number of children to see dentists has been found high, and to the extent of increasing frequency of visiting dental clinics. As the number of mothers tooth brushing education becomes made more frequent for the children. Also, as mothers put more restriction on the sugar intakes by the children, they placed higher importance on the oral health for their children. In conclusion oral health behavior in mothers' influence on dental health belief of their children, it has been reviewed necessary to activate more the mother-children joint oral health education and oral health projects that mothers and children take part together, as well as to study more in accurate and systematic approaches through more comprehensive and various subjects and elements further in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

Bone tissue engineering is one of the important therapeutic approaches to the regeneration of bones in the entire field of regeneration medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are actively discussed as material for bone tissue engineering due to their ability to differentiate into autologous bone. MSCs are able to differentiate into different lineages: osteo/odontogenic, adipogenic, and neurogenic. The tissue of origin for MSCs defines them as bone marrow-derived stem cells, adipose tissue-derived stem cells, and, among many others, dental stem cells. According to the tissue of origin, DSCs are further stratified into dental pulp stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cells, stem cells from apical papilla, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, dental follicle precursor cells, and dental papilla cells. There are numerous in vitro/in vivo reports suggesting successful mineralization potential or osteo/odontogenic ability of MSCs. Still, there is further need for the optimization of MSCs-based tissue engineering methods, and the introduction of genes related to osteo/odontogenic differentiation into MSCs might aid in the process. In this review, articles that reported enhanced osteo/odontogenic differentiation with gene introduction into MSCs will be discussed to provide a background for successful bone tissue engineering using MSCs with artificially introduced genes.