• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.339-350
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• 2010

Despite lots of efforts to obtain an accurate picture of structure at the level of individual ASes, there is a few application works using the AS-level Internet topology. In this paper, we show that the power-law fits the number of down-stream customer ASes very well and also present the distributions of AS links with the "public view" from UCLA IRL laboratory. Moreover, we obtain the distributions of source-destination pairs of routing hops for two sites in Korea and the United States, and then we propose a new method to decide the randomness of Internet traffic using the obtained distributions and the BGP valley-free routing policy. The randomness of traffic must be a portent of outbreak of the distributed denial-of-service attacks.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.33-41
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• 2018

The idea of the Internet of Things as a platform on the Smart Campus has become increasingly popular. It requires an infrastructure consisting of communication networks, sensor nodes and gateways to connect to the Internet. Each sensor node is responsible for gathering data from the environment. This document outlines a network of wireless sensors on the Internet for the application of Smart Campus monitoring. Wireless sensor network Monitoring have become a complete solution to using a low power implementation and integrated systems. The numerous restrictions however result from the low communication range, the limited computing power, the lack of availability of the network protocol, the lack of programming security and the security failures in the areas of confidentiality, integrity and availability. A new security technique and its functionality for WSNM nodes developed. Development in the research of a secure network and suggestions for avoiding denial of service (DOS) and complexity attacks. These systems if properly implemented can provide an energy efficiency mechanism through pre-allocation and a new key from key management models with a secure routine algorithm.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.185-196
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• 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become more and more widespread in recent years, thus attackers are placing greater emphasis on IoT environments. The IoT connects a large number of smart devices via wired and wireless networks that incorporate sensors or actuators in order to produce and share meaningful information. Attackers employed IoT devices as bots to assault the target server; however, because of their resource limitations, these devices are easily infected with IoT malware. The Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) is one of the many security problems that might arise in an IoT context. DDOS attempt involves flooding a target server with irrelevant requests in an effort to disrupt it fully or partially. This worst practice blocks the legitimate user requests from being processed. We explored an intelligent intrusion detection system (IIDS) using a particular sort of machine learning, such as Artificial Neural Networks, (ANN) in order to handle and mitigate this type of cyber-attacks. In this research paper Feed-Forward Neural Network (FNN) is tested for detecting the DDOS attacks using a modified version of the KDD Cup 99 dataset. The aim of this paper is to determine the performance of the most effective and efficient Back-propagation algorithms among several algorithms and check the potential capability of ANN- based network model as a classifier to counteract the cyber-attacks in IoT environments. We have found that except Gradient Descent with Momentum Algorithm, the success rate obtained by the other three optimized and effective Back- Propagation algorithms is above 99.00%. The experimental findings showed that the accuracy rate of the proposed method using ANN is satisfactory.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.4 s.346
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• pp.13-21
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• 2006

An mobile ad hoc network(MANET) is a collection of wireless computers (nodes), communicating among themselves over multi-hop paths, without the help of any infrastructure such as base stations or access points. Prior research in MANET has generally studied the routing problem in a non-adversarial setting, assuming a trusted environment. In this paper, we design and evaluate the Secure Zone Routing Protocol(T-ZRP), a secure ad hoc network routing protocol is based on the design of the hash chain. In order to support use with nodes of limited CPU processing capability, and to guard against Denial-of-Service attacks in which an attacker attempts to cause other nodes to consume excess network bandwidth or processing time, we use efficient one-way hash functions and don't use asymmetric cryptographic operations in the protocol. Proposed algorithm can safely send to data through authentication mechanism and integrity about routing establishment.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.574-588
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• 2009

Although much research has been conducted in the area of authentication in wireless networks, vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) pose unique challenges, such as real-time constraints, processing limitations, memory constraints, frequently changing senders, requirements for interoperability with existing standards, extensibility and flexibility for future requirements, etc. No currently proposed technique addresses all of the requirements for message and entity authentication in VANETs. After analyzing the requirements for viable VANET message authentication, we propose a modified version of TESLA, TESLA++, which provides the same computationally efficient broadcast authentication as TESLA with reduced memory requirements. To address the range of needs within VANETs we propose a new hybrid authentication mechanism, VANET authentication using signatures and TESLA++ (VAST), that combines the advantages of ECDSA signatures and TESLA++. Elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) signatures provide fast authentication and non-repudiation, but are computationally expensive. TESLA++ prevents memory and computation-based denial of service attacks. We analyze the security of our mechanism and simulate VAST in realistic highway conditions under varying network and vehicular traffic scenarios. Simulation results show that VAST outperforms either signatures or TESLA on its own. Even under heavy loads VAST is able to authenticate 100% of the received messages within 107ms. VANETs use certificates to achieve entity authentication (i.e., validate senders). To reduce certificate bandwidth usage, we use Hu et al.'s strategy of broadcasting certificates at fixed intervals, independent of the arrival of new entities. We propose a new certificate verification strategy that prevents denial of service attacks while requiring zero additional sender overhead. Our analysis shows that these solutions introduce a small delay, but still allow drivers in a worst case scenario over 3 seconds to respond to a dangerous situation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.309-312
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• 2016

Considering that interkorean relations got worse and worse recently, cyber terror of North Korea has seriously become a possibility. Therefore, DoS(Denial of Service), a typical way of cyber terror, is becoming a big issue. Consequently, people are growing more and more interested in information security. Internal DoS attacks, out of a variety of ways of Dos attacks, include disks and memories and shortages of process resources. PAM(Pluggable Authentication Module) is one of the ways of preventing internal DoS attacks in Linux system. This paper provides with a method to internally respond to dos attacks and efficiently prevent shortages of resources by utilizing PAM.

• KNOM Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2020

As the threat of Distributed Denial-of-Service attacks that exploit weakly secure IoT devices has spread, research on source-side Denial-of-Service attack detection is being activated to quickly detect the attack and the location of attacker. In addition, a collaborative source-side attack detection technique that shares detection results of source-side networks located at individual sites is also being activated to overcome regional limitations of source-side detection. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a collaborative source-side DDoS attack detection using statistical weights. The statistical weight is calculated based on the detection rate and false positive rate corresponding to the time zone of the individual source-side network. By calculating weighted sum of the source-side DoS attack detection results from various sites, the proposed method determines whether a DDoS attack happens. As a result of the experiment based on actual DNS request to traffic, it was confirmed that the proposed technique reduces false positive rate 2% while maintaining a high attack detection rate.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.3B
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• pp.152-158
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• 2008

Recently, DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attack has emerged as one of the major threats and it's main characteristic is to send flood of data packets toward a specific victim. Thus, several attack detection schemes which monitor the destination IP address of packets have been suggested. The existing Bloom Filter based attack detection scheme is simple and can support real-time monitoring. However, since this scheme monitors the separate fields of destination IP address independently, wrong detection is comparatively high. In this paper, in order to solve this drawback, an efficient Bloom Filter based destination address monitoring scheme is proposed, which monitors not only separate fields but also relationship among separate fields. In the results of simulation, the proposed monitoring scheme outperforms the existing Bloom Filter based detection scheme. Also, to improve the correctness of detection, multi-layerd structure is proposed and the correctness of result is improved according to the number of layers and extra tables.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.363-367
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• 2009

From the recent, an big issue of the internet attack is DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service). Some government agencies and companies will buy Anti-DDoS SW for protect their their network system form DDoS attack. But We don't have any objective valuation standard of Anti-DDoS SW. So When you try to buy an Anti-DDoS SW, you can get only subjective Anti-DDoS SW information which from Anti-DDoS SW vender. Anti-DDoS SW market is getting bigger, so market needs objective valuation standard of Anti-DDoS SW for a fair evaluation. In this paper, we describe a part of Anti-DDoS SW performance tests in valuation standard of Anti-DDoS SW.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.11-16
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• 2016

In modern society, the development of Information and Communication Technology has given people a lot of opportunities. But on the other side cyber attack also gives enormous damage to people. Recently Korea has become the target of cyber attack. The threat of it is growing. Especially North Korea has committed hostile actions against South Korea. North Korea has recently attacked the computer networks of South Korea's important national facilities. The types of North Korea's cyber attacks include the followings. First, if we see it with the viewpoint of software, it tries to destroy or control the Internet, infects the networks with viruses, worms, Trojan Horse and Distributed Denial of Service. I suggest the following to solve the problem. First, South Korea should unify the organizations to respond to the attacks of North Korea, as North Korea has a unified organization for the cyber attack. Second, they should think about the establishment of "Cyber Terrorism Prevention Act" to systematically respond to the software attacks.