• BMB Reports
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.263-268
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• 2017

${\beta}$-Agarase cleaves the ${\beta}$-1,4 linkages of agar to produce neoagarooligosaccharides (NAO), which are associated with various physiological functions. However, the immunological functions of NAO are still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that ${\beta}$-agarase DagA-produced neoagarohexaose (DP6), an NAO product, promoted the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). DP6 directly and indirectly enhanced the activation of natural killer (NK) cells in a TLR4-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the antitumor activity of DP6 against B16F1 melanoma cells was inhibited in NK cell-depletion systems by using NK-cell depleting antibodies in vivo. Collectively, the results indicated that DP6 augments antitumor immunity against B16F1 melanoma cells via the activation of DC-mediated NK cells in a TLR4-dependent manner. Thus, DP6 is a potential candidate adjuvant that acts as an immune cell modulator for the treatment of melanoma.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.391-393
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• 2022

The preparation of polynuclear metal dendritic molecule for photodynamic diagnosis(PDD) or photodynamic therapy(PDT) has been interested on design and synthesis of metal-to-metal long ranged macromolecule. Herein, imine bond or amide bond as chemical bond is an important role on the construction of energy transfer or electron transfer system. Therefore, we will be presented on the role of chemical bond for the preparation of polynuclear metal dendritic molecule.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.646-648
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• 2021

The syntheses and properties of polynuclear metal complexes have been reported to develop the easy syntheses and noble photo-characteristics of those complexes for photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) or photodynamic therapy (PDT). We have been focused on the design and synthesis of polynuclear lanthanide dendritic molecule due to long life time of fluorescence. Therefore, we will be presented on the design of home (Eu or Gd) or hetero (Tb or Lu) polynuclear lanthanide dendritic molecule.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.291-293
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• 2022

The preparation of dendritic molecule for photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) or photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been interested on design and synthesis of macromolecule toward a new generation. Herein, the binding site of polyether group is an important role on the construction of macromolecule toward a new generation. Therefore, we will be presented on the preparation of dendritic molecule having the binding site.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8947-8950
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• 2014

Immunological functions of heat shock proteins (HSPs) have long been recognized. In this study we aimed to efficiently purify HSP70 from renal cell carcinoma and test it as a tumor antigen for pulsing dendritic cells in vitro. HSP70 was purified from renal cell carcinoma specimens by serial column chromatography on Con A-sepharose, PD-10, ADP-agarose and DEAE-cellulose, and finally subjected to fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). Dendritic cells derived from the adherent fraction of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured in the presence of IL-4 and GM-CSF and exposed to tumor HSP70. After 24 hours, dendritic cells were phenotypically characterized by flow cytometry. T cells obtained from the non-adherent fraction of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were then co-cultured with HSP70-pulsed dendritic cells and after 3 days T cell cytotoxicity towards primary cultured renal cell carcinoma cells was examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Dendritic cells pulsed in vitro with tumor-derived HSP70 expressed higher levels of CD83, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR maturation markers than those pulsed with tumor cell lysate and comparable to that of dendritic cells pulsed with tumor cell lysate plus TNF-${\alpha}$. Concomitantly, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes induced by HSP70-pulsed dendritic cells presented the highest cytotoxic activity. There were no significant differences when using homologous or autologous HSP70 as the tumor antigen. HSP70 can be efficiently purified by chromatography and induces in vitro dendritic cell maturation in the absence of TNF-${\alpha}$. Conspecific HSP70 may effectively be used as a tumor antigen to pulse dendritic cells in vitro.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.554-559
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• 2016

Mycobacterium abscessus, a member of the group of non-tuberculous mycobacteria, has been identified as an emerging pulmonary pathogen in humans. However, little is known about the protective immune response of antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), which guard against M. abscessus infection. The M. abscessus gene MAB1843 encodes ᴅ-alanyl-ᴅ-alanine dipeptidase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ᴅ-alanyl-ᴅ-alanine dipeptide. We investigated whether MAB1843 is able to interact with DCs to enhance the effectiveness of the host's immune response. MAB1843 was found to induce DC maturation via toll-like receptor 4 and its downstream signaling pathways, such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B pathways. In addition, MAB1843-treated DCs stimulated the proliferation of T cells and promoted Th1 polarization. Our results indicate that MAB1843 could potentially regulate the immune response to M. abscessus, making it important in the development of an effective vaccine against this mycobacterium.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.10
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• pp.677-682
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• 2010

Kv4.2, a pore-forming $\alpha$-subunit of voltage-gated A-type potassium channels, is expressed abundantly in the soma and dendrites of hippocampal neurons, and is responsible for somatodendritic $I_A$ current. Recent studies have suggested that changes in the surface levels of Kv4.2 potassium channels might be relevant to synaptic plasticity. Although the function and expression of Kv4.2 protein have been extensively studied, the dendritic localization of Kv4.2 mRNA is not well described. In this study, Kv4.2 mRNAs were shown to be localized in the dendrites near postsynaptic regions. The dendritic transport of Kv4.2 mRNAs were mediated by microtubule-based movement. The 500 nucleotides of specific regions within the 3'-untranslated region of Kv4.2 mRNA were found to be necessary and sufficient for its dendritic localization. Collectively, these results suggest that the dendritic localization of Kv4.2 mRNAs might regulate the dendritic surface level of Kv4.2 channels and synaptic plasticity.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.499-505
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• 2009

General, fast, and efficient stitching methods are presented for the synthesis of Fr$\acute{e}$chet-type dendrimers with linear units at a core, as a preliminary investigation for the synthesis of dendritic-linear-dendritic materials. The synthetic strategy involved an inexpensive, 1,3-dipolar, cycloaddition reaction between an alkyne and an azide in the presence of the Cu(I) species, which is known as the best example of click chemistry. The linear core building blocks, 1,7-octadiyne and 1,6-diazidohexane, were chosen to serve as the alkyne and azide functionalities for dendrimer growth via click reactions with the azide and alkyne-dendrons, respectively. These two building blocks were employed together with the azide- and alkyne-functionalized Fr$\acute{e}$chet-type dendrons in a convergent strategy to synthesize two kinds of Fr$\acute{e}$chet-type dendrimers with different linear core units. This comparative efficiency of the click methodology supports the fast and efficient synthesis of dendritic-linear-dendritic materials with the tailor made core unit.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.3933-3940
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• 2011

General, fast, and efficient stitching methods for the synthesis of dendrimers with linear PEG units at a core, as dendritic-linear-dendritic materials, were developed. The synthetic strategy involved the click reaction between an alkyne and an azide. The linear core building blocks, three dialkyne-PEG units, were chosen to serve as the alkyne functionalities for dendrimer growth via click reactions with the azide-dendrons. These three building blocks were employed together with the azide-functionalized Fr$\acute{e}$chet-type dendrons in a convergent strategy to synthesize the Fr$\acute{e}$chet-type dendrimers with different linear core units. Their structure of dendrimers was confirmed by $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and GPC analysis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2005

In the last few years, a spectrum of dendritic cells(DCs), including toll like receptors(TLRs), might play a critical role in regulating allergy and asthma. DC plays a central role in initiating immune responses, linking innate and adaptive responses to pathogen. Human peripheral blood has three non-overlapping dendritic subset that expressed various 11 TLRs. These dendritic subsets and TLR contribute significant polarizing influences on T helper differentiation, but how this comes about is less clear. A better understanding of DC immunobiology may lead to the comprehension of allergy pathophysiology to prevent early stage allergic march.