• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.357-365
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• 2014

Purpose: The continued increase in the world population has triggered an increased demand for food. Cereal grains, flour, and their products constitute the staple diet for most of the world's population. This high demand for food, particularly for cereal-based products, has been exploited for commercial gain through adulteration of food materials. We provide a thorough review of the current developments and limitations of modern, nondestructive analytical techniques used for detection of adulterants in cereals and their products and compare them with conventional methods. Results: Adulterated food poses a serious health risks to humans, animals, and the ecosystem in general. Over the last few decades, the adulteration industry has developed fraudulent practices that often outsmart conventional methods of detection and quality control. Therefore, technological advancements to aid in detection and measurement of adulterants in food products and to ensure food quality and safety are critically important to consumers worldwide. Conclusion: There is a continuous demand for development of nondestructive technology to improve the accuracy and efficiency of detection, measurement, and qualification of adulterants in cereals and other food materials.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.208-211
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• 2009

To reduce the peak demand the promotion of gas cooling(absorption chillers and GHPs) is required. In this study the effect of electric power peak-cut has been analyzed using two methods. One is based on monthly LNG consumption data and the other is using the gas cooling capacity installed. Both methods agreed well with each other within the uncertainty of 20%. It was found that the gas cooling had the peak cut effect of 1,500-2,000 MW for recent 5 years (2003 - 2007). The ratio of gas cooling to the whole cooling demand was 12-15%, which is needed to be increased.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2019

Fragility analysis is an effective tool that is frequently used for seismic risk assessment of bridges. There are three different approaches to derive a fragility curve: experimental, empirical and analytical. Both experimental and empirical methods to derive fragility curve are based on past earthquake reports and expert opinions which are not suitable for all bridges. Therefore, analytical fragility analysis becomes important. Nonlinear time history analysis is commonly used which is the most reliable method for determining probabilistic demand models. In this study, to determine the probabilistic demand models of bridges, time history analyses were performed considering both material and geometrical nonlinearities. Serviceability limit states for three different service velocities were considered as a performance goal. Also, support displacements, component yielding and collapse limits were taken into account. Both serviceability and component fragility were derived by using maximum likely hood methods. Finally, the seismic performance and critical members of the bridge were probabilistically determined and clearly presented.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.244-259
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• 2022

Bicycle- or bike-sharing systems (BSSs) have received increasing attention as a secondary transportation mode due to their advantages, for example, accessibility, prevention of air pollution, and health promotion. However, in BSSs, due to bias in bike demands, the bike rebalancing problem should be solved. Various methods have been proposed to solve this problem; however, it is difficult to apply such methods to small cities because bike demand is sparse, and there are many practical issues to solve. Thus, we propose a demand prediction model using multiple classifiers, time grouping, categorization, weather analysis, and station correlation information. In addition, we analyze real-world relocation data by relocation managers and propose a relocation algorithm based on the analytical results to solve the bike rebalancing problem. The proposed system is compared experimentally with the results obtained by the real relocation managers.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.127-135
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• 2011

The past quantitative analysis of the demand for job skill training had mainly focused on personnel shortage and oversupply, so it has the problems of the qualitative discrepancies called skill mismatch. As a supplementary study relating to specific industries and occupations, a discussion to improve the job skills training programs through a qualitative analysis is needed. This study provide the analysis of urgency evaluation using the relative importance and gap of the job skill elements in the display industry. And renewal possibilities of the training program based on this qualitative bottom-up approach will be discussed. We carried out a job skill demand survey in the display industry as research methods. Industry related jobs and each job task, the qualitative demand for each job skills, and procurement methods for each job skills were analyzed. Adequate supply of vocational training programs have tried to find ways by illustrating some related training courses.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.91-106
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• 1992

It an inventory control system, the demand over time are often assumed to be independently identically distributed (i. i. d.). However, the demands may well be correlated over time in many situations. The estimation of reorder points is not simple for correlated demands with variable lead time. In this paper, a general class of autoregressive and moving average processes is considered for modeling the demands of an inventory item. The first four moments of the lead-time demand (L) are derived and used to approximate the distribution of L. The reorder points at given service level are then estimated by the three approximation methods : normal approximation, Charlier series and Pearson system. Numerical investigation shows that the Pearson system and the Charlier series performs extremely well for various situations whereas the normal approximation show consistent underestimation and sensitive to the distribution of lead time. The same conclusion can be reached when the parameters are estimated from the sample based on the simulation study.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.89-115
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• 2000

Traffic signal setting policies and traffic assignment procedures are mutually dependent. The combined signal control and traffic assignment problem deals with this interaction. With the total travel time minimization objective, gradient based local search methods are implemented. Deterministic user equilibrium is the selected user route choice rule, Webster's delay curve is the link performance function, and green time per cycle ratios are decision variables. Three implemented solution codes resulting in six variations include intersections operating under multiphase operation with overlapping traffic movements. For reference, the iterative approach is also coded and all codes are tested in four example networks at five demand levels. The results show the numerical gradient estimation procedure performs best although the simplified local searches show reducing the large network computational burden. Demand level as well as network size affects the relative performance of the local and iterative approaches. As demand level becomes higher, (1) in the small network, the local search tends to outperform the iterative search and (2) in the large network, vice versa.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.15-30
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• 1973

Nursing education in Korea has made rapid progress recently. There is .: great deal of support with approval and encouragement of this progress. However, much disapproval of its validity has asserted some restraints on it. The aims of nursing education should be based on the principle that education is planned according to tile need much research has been made with such a viewpoint but much still remains unclear. The present study is aimed at establishing the needs for nursing manpower based on the biological demand for medical care. The needs for nursing manpower have been emphasized by many researchers and authorities on nursing education, and the prevailing medical trends also demand it. In this study, through the study of various hooks and records concerned, and the compiling of data analysis and questionnaires, I came to the following figures for the proposed needs of nursing manpower: There figures are greater than those calculated by another method by the government research program but it shows approximately the same final figure as that of the government report for the end of the target year. With these findings, I concluded that: 1) As the final purpose of the government medical project is to fulfill the needs of the national health (that is, to support the national needs for medical care), the plan of this project should follow the theory of biological demand for medical care, recognizing that the numbers will increase gradually. 2) Qualitative growth, based on the advanced and specialized nursing profession. should be promoted to meet the rapid growth of the medical needs of the nation in addition to promoting of investments for the facilities. and of the preparatory investments for education needs. 3) For efficient and economic utilization of nursing manpower, the improvement of wages, and the offering of free education is necessary. 4) Amendments to the low promising innovation and advancement of medical treatment; preparation of a national fund for medical care; and, changing of national attitudes to bring about greater concern are desirable.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2023

Background: This study was conducted to verify the effectiveness of geriatric dental hygiene education by developing and operating an industrial demand-based curriculum for geriatric dental hygiene. Methods: Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed to verify the before-and-after differences in major competency achievement, geriatric dental hygiene awareness, and class satisfaction according to industrial demandbased field-oriented practical education, and Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to confirm the association between each factor(p<0.05). Results: In the case of major competency achievement, 'communication competence with the older adults' was significantly improved(p=0.031) after conducting industrial demand-based field-oriented practical training. Conclusion: It is believed that the understanding of the older adults and the practical skills for oral care of the older adults can be further developed when the learners are provided with a practical curriculum that can be used in the geriatric industrial field.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.27-36
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the supply and demand of the oriental medical doctor(OMD) based on the supply and demand analysis of OMD up to the year 1997. The baseline projection and demographic methods were considered to examine the supply of OMD. On the contrary, for the demand analysis, two different approaches were conducted with the nonlinear regression model. The findings of this study indicate that the OMD will be oversupplied before the year 2012 with decreasing rate. However, when we consider the demand of OMD in the future. it is anticipated that the demand of oriental medicine will be increased rapidly with two major aspects. The first is the expansion of insurance benefits. The second is the increasing number of adult diseases because of the aging of the population structure. Therefore, the effective cooperation system and mutual exchange between western and oriental medicine is required for the future. Also. it is necessary to make the oriental medicine of the pharmaceutical services in more scientific way for the appropriate policy of the demand and supply of OMD. For the future study, the students who study abroad, especially China should be considered. These students will be the key element for the future supply of OMD.