• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제66권8호
• /
• pp.1181-1186
• /
• 2017

The purpose of Demand Response is to reduce the cost of excessive resources and equipment by spontaneous load reductions at peak loads. Having enough power consumers participating in these schemes is key to achieving the goal. Demand Response Aggregator (DRA) is responsible for recruiting demand resources and managing them to participate in reducing the load. DRAs change the price elasticity of demand functions by providing incentives to demand response, thereby affecting price formation in the electricity market. In this paper, this process is modeled to analyze the relationship between DRA's strategic bidding and market outcomes and load reductions. It analyzes the results by applying to competition between DRAs, competition between DR and Gencos, and coexistence of DR load and non-DR load. It is noteworthy that we have found a phenomenon called the Balloon Effect.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 2000년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.114-119
• /
• 2000

To estimate Agricultural water demand, many factors such as weather, type of crop, soil, cultivation method, crop coefficient and cultivation area, etc. must be considered. But it is not easy to estimate water demand in consideration of these many factors, which are variable according to a period and regional environment. So, this study provides estimation system for agricultural water demand(ESAD) in order to estimate water demand easily and accurately, calculates the present and future agricultural water demand and arranges all factors needed for water demand estimation. This study calibrates the application of estimation system for agricultural water demand with the data observed in the other Studies and analyzes agricultural water demand nationwide.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.403-420
• /
• 1997

In this paper, we examine the effect of production uncertainty to production control policies. First, we examine two famous production control policies, namely, MRP and JIT from the view point of shop floor control perspective, and analyze the differences between them due to demand fluctuations and activity time variations. Second, we conduct simulation studies on MRP and JIT to draw out the effects of demand fluctuations and activity time variations. Demand fluctuations are further classified into demand lumpiness and demand irregularity. And, activity time variations are further classified into stationary time variations and non-stationary time variations. Experimental results show that, in terms of demand fluctuations, MRP is affected by demand lumpiness, but JIT by demand irregularity. And we also see that both MRP and JIT are influenced by stationary time variation with respect to activity time variations.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study is to review the nurse demand forecasting methods in empirical studies published during 1991~2014 and suggest ideas to improve the validity in nurse demand forecasting. Methods: Previous studies on nurse demand forecasting methodology were categorized into four groups: time series analysis, top-down approach of workforce requirement, bottom-up approach of workforce requirement, and labor market analysis. Major methodological properties of each group were summarized and compared. Results: Time series analysis and top-down approach were the most frequently used forecasting methodologies. Conclusion: To improve decision-making in nursing workforce planning, stakeholders should consider a variety of demand forecasting methods and appraise the validity of forecasting nurse demand.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제57권8호
• /
• pp.1342-1348
• /
• 2008

One important objective of the electricity market is to decrease the price by ensuring stability in the market operation. Interconnected to this is another objective; namely, to realize sustainable consumption of electricity by equitably distributing the effects and benefits of participating in the market among all participants of the industry. One method that can help achieve these objectives is the ^{(R)}$demand-response program, - which allows for active adjustment of the loadage from the demand side in response to the price. The demand-response program requires a customer baseline load (CBL), a criterion of calculating the success of decreases in demand. This study was conducted in order to calculate undistorted CBL by analyzing the correlations between such external or seasonal factors as temperature, humidity, and discomfort indices and the amounts of electricity consumed. The method and findings of this study are accordingly explicated.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부A
• /
• pp.292-294
• /
• 1998

It is very important for electric utility to expand generating facilities and transmission equipments in accordance with the increase of electricity demand. Regional electricity demand forecasting is among the most important step for long-term investment and power supply planning. The main objectives of this paper are to develop the methodologies for forecasting regional load demand. The Model consists of four models, regional economy, regional electricity energy demand, areal electricity energy demand. and areal peak load demand. This paper mainly suggests regional electricity energy demand model and areal peak load demand. A case study is also presented.

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.72-82
• /
• 2016

In Korea, engineering education based on industry demand is highly emphasized; the survey of industry demand or company satisfaction is frequently conducted. Although engineering schools have often attempted and implemented the reform of engineering education, it was found that company satisfaction with college education was always low. In this context, this study aimed to find the cause of the low satisfaction. To this end, the social background for the active survey of industry demand and company satisfaction, and its progress were investigated. The findings of this study showed that the survey of industry demand in Korea has limitations in improving the quality of college education or developing its future demand, contrary to its intention. This industry demand based approach has its historical and social root in the Korea-specific model of the catching-up style industry development and technology innovation. Therefore, it is difficult to establish appropriate academy-industry relations and discover future vision based on this model. This study presents a new way to understand and develop the future-oriented industrial and social demand, not just arguing for the uselessness of the survey of industry demand in engineering education.

• 무역상무연구
• /
• 제61권
• /
• pp.213-245
• /
• 2014

This study has significance in examining the formation requirements and notes for concluding the guarantee contract of minimizing interests and conflicts with the concerned parties by examining issues related to the legal relation and demand payment in the concerned parties and by figuring out the provisions of conformity related to the requirements for demand payment pertinent to the documentary provision in relation to characteristics of demand guarantee. What the concerned parties of using demand guarantee grasp the requirements for demand payment of being compliant with the essence and the guarantee condition of the demand guarantee will lead to possibly preventing a dispute caused by disagreement and being secured the fulfillment of underlying contract. To fulfill a underlying contract that is the objective of issuing the demand guarantee, an effort is needed that minimizes a contract-based risk and a cost by being fully aware of a relevant rule that will be recorded in the terms of payment in the demand guarantee, by reflecting the interests between the concerned parties, and by discussing the payment terms.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.291-307
• /
• 2023

Medicinal crops are the most representative input among agricultural products for biomaterials. The actual situation of how medicinal crops are used as inputs in the downstream industry is analyzed, and the input demand function of medicinal crops is quantitatively estimated. The proportions of intermediate demand and final demand in the total production of medicinal crops were 52.1% and 47.9% in 1995, but changed to 74% and 26% in 2019, with the proportion of intermediate demand accounting for approximately increased by 3 times. Estimation results of the demand function for medicinal crops in the medicine industry show, a 1% increase in the production of medicine is found to increase the demand for medicinal crops by 0.3369%. If the production of health functional foods increase by 1%, the demand for medicinal crops is expected to increase by 0.6221%. It is also found that a 1% increase in the amount of cosmetic production would increase in the demand for medicinal crops by 0.3932%. This indicates that market expansion in downstream industries can have a significant impact on agricultural products for biomaterials.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.287-313
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 전력수요의 냉방 및 난방 수요를 측정하고 분석한다. 이를 위해 냉난방기온효과를 추정하고 이를 Chang et al. (2014)의 전력수요함수 모형에 적용하여 전력수요를 기본수요, 냉방수요 그리고 난방수요로 분해하였다. 1999년 1월부터 2016년 12월의 한국의 일반용과 주택용 전력수요를 분석한 결과, 난방수요의 증가율이 기본수요와 냉방수요의 증가율을 월등히 상회하였으며 특히 일반용에서 난방수요 증가가 두드러졌다. 평년기온으로 통제한 기온보정된 난방수요는 실현된 난방수요보다 상대적으로 '더' 증가하였고, 냉방수요는 반대로 기온보정된 수요가 실현된 수요에 비해서 '덜' 증가하였다. 본 논문은 전력수요 내의 냉방 및 난방수요를 측정할 뿐 아니라 경제주체들의 전력수요 변화 패턴을 확인했다는 점에 의의가 있으며, 추정 결과들은 향후 전력수요예측과 에너지수요관리 정책 수립에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.