• Title/Summary/Keyword: Delivery load

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Agent-based Shipment Algorithm for Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Load Balancing (CVRP를 위한 에이전트 기반 Shipment 알고리듬 개발)

  • Oh, Seog-Chan;Yee, Shang-Tae;Kim, Taioun
    • Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.200-209
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    • 2006
  • Load building is an important step to make the delivery supply chain efficient. We present a family of load makeup algorithms using market based control strategy, named LoadMarket, in order to build efficient loads where each load consists of a certain number of finished products having destinations. LoadMarket adopts Clark-Wright algorithm for generating initial endowment for Load Traders who cooperate to minimize either total travel distance or the variance with respect to the travel distances of loads by means of the spot market or double-sided auction market mechanism. The efficiency of the LoadMarket algorithms is illustrated using simulation based experiments.

Analysis of Pollution Characteristics in the Mainstream and Its Tributaries of Gongneung Stream Using Water Quality Index and Pollution Load Data (통합수질지수 및 오염부하자료를 이용한 공릉천 유입지천과 본류의 오염특성 분석)

  • Yu, Jae-Hyun;Lee, Han-Saem;Lim, Byung-Ran;Kang, Joo-Hyoung;Ahn, Tae-Ung;Shin, Hyun-Sang
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.125-136
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    • 2020
  • In this study, we identified the major pollution-zones of the mainstream and its tributaries of Gongneung stream and investigated their pollution sources based on water quality, flowrate and pollution-load data of the stream having the characteristics of the urban-rural complex to examine the effect of the tributaries on the water quality changes in the mainstream. The water quality and flowrate data were collected for 10 months (2018 ~ 2019) at 3 points of mainstream and ten tributaries. Water quality index (WQI), load duration curve (LDC), discharge load density (DLD)and delivery ratios for each tributary were obtained so as to investigate the pollution characteristics and some of the information visualized on GIS. The main pollution-zone in the Gongneung stream was in the middle and lower streams, and the tributaries that may affect the pollution of the area were JS, JY, SL and SM. JS and SL had low WQI levels (34.7/37.5) and DLD (kg/d/㎢) of BOD and T-P were relatively high in JY (99.2/6.00) and SL (60.0/2.07). BOD and T-P delivery ratios in JS were high (0.94/0.83), suggesting that JS had significant influence on the water quality of the main pollution-zone in the Gongneung stream. Meanwhile, SM having a high T-P delivery ratio (0.97) was found to be more affected by the non-point source due to the higher LDC excess rate (%) in the low flow compared to high flow. This study provides basic data on the water quality and pollution characteristics of the Gongneung stream, and the analysis results are expected to be used as examples for identifying the main pollution-zone and tributaries of stream and their pollution sources.

MPMTP-AR: Multipath Message Transport Protocol Based on Application-Level Relay

  • Liu, Shaowei;Lei, Weimin;Zhang, Wei;Song, Xiaoshi
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.1406-1424
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    • 2017
  • Recent advancements in network infrastructures provide increased opportunities to support data delivery over multiple paths. Compared with multi-homing scenario, overlay network is regarded as an effective way to construct multiple paths between end devices without any change on the underlying network. Exploiting multipath characteristics has been explored for TCP with multi-homing device, but the corresponding exploration with overlay network has not been studied in detail yet. Motivated by improving quality of experience (QoE) for reliable data delivery, we propose a multipath message transport protocol based on application level relay (MPMTP-AR). MPMTP-AR proposes mechanisms and algorithms to support basic operations of multipath transmission. Dynamic feedback provides a foundation to distribute reasonable load to each path. Common source decrease (CSD) takes the load weight of the path with congestion into consideration to adjust congestion window. MPMTP-AR uses two-level sending buffer to ensure independence between paths and utilizes two-level receiving buffer to improve queuing performance. Finally, the MPMTP-AR is implemented on the Linux platform and evaluated by comprehensive experiments.

An Experimental Study on the Load Delivery Characteristics of Hybrid Energy System with Geothermal and Solar Heat Sources (지열-태양열원 복합시스템의 부하추종특성에 관한 실험 연구)

  • Hwang, In-Ju;Woo, Nam-Sub
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2006
  • The objective of the present study is to investigate the load delivery characteristics of a hybrid-renewable energy system with geothermal and solar heat sources for hot water, heating and cooling of a residential house in Korea. The hybrid energy system consists of ground source heat pump of 2 RT for cooling with a 150 m vertical U-bend ground heat exchanger, solar collectors of 4.8 m2 and gas fired backup boiler. The averaged coefficient of performance of geothermal module during cooling and heating seasons are evaluated as about 4.5 and 3.8, respectively.

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The Distribution Characteristics of Organic Matters in the Contaminated Tributaries of Han River Region (한강권역 우심지류 하천의 유기물 분포 특성)

  • Kim, Ho-Sub;Park, Yun-Hee;Kim, Yong-Sam;Kim, Sang-Yong
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.494-502
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to understand distribution characteristics of organic matters through concentration of $BOD_5$, $COD_{Mn}$ and TOC in 31 streams in Han River region, and to establish the relationship among organic matter concentration, and discharge load and flow rate. Concentration of $BOD_5$ and TOC in 22 streams were above IV grade except 9, and the average 80.9 % of total organic matter (by TOC) accounted for dissolved organic type. Correlation among organic matter parameters were higher ($r^2$ > 0.78) and the relationship between TOC and $COD_{Mn}$ concentration was higher than $BOD_5$. Ratio of biodegradable organic matter/total organic matter in the 31 streams was estimated at 41.4 % with $BOD_5$ oxidation rate, and 78.0 % with $BOD_5/COD_{Mn}$ concentration ratio. Ratio of $NBOD/BOD_5$ concentration in four sites with $BOD_5/COD_{Mn}$ concentration ratio exceeding 1 ranged from 54.5 % ~ 79.3 %. Among 979 flow rate data measured at 31 streams, 87 % of measured data was below 0.1 cms and increased water pollution under low flow conditions. Correlation between $BOD_5$ concentration and $BOD_5$ discharge load in the watershed was low, and it was revealed that several streams have more $BOD_5$ delivery load than $BOD_5$ discharge load. Results suggest that many biodegradable forms of organic matter are being introduced into the stream from pollutant sources in the watershed.

Behavior of Floating Base Plate by Stress Delivery Mechanism (부양형 팽이기초의 하중전달 메커니즘에 따른 거동)

  • Chung, Jin-Hyuck;Jung, Hye-Kwun;Lee, Song
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.137-144
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    • 2010
  • Up to now, common studies of top base have concentrated upon bearing capacity and settlement by in-situ loading test in Japan and Korea. But most of all preceding study for top base must analyze how to deliver overburden loading on bottom of foundation. Therefore, in this study, the stress delivery mechanism of Top-Base Foundation developed in Japan and Floating Top Base developed in Korea is investigated through numerical analysis and laboratory model test. Analyzing the load delivery mechanism of top base, it was found that the division rate of load reduction of top base for overburden load was largest in peripheral skin friction between the top base and the crushed stone. Further, total stress dispersion angle of Top-Base Foundation including internal stress dispersion effect of top base was $41.8^{\circ}$ and total stress dispersion angle of Floating Top Base was $44.5^{\circ}$.

Calculation of Pollutant Load for Prediction of Pollutant Loads to Watershed (합리적인 유역단위 오염부하량 산정방법 연구)

  • Jang, Jae-Ho;Yoon, Chun-Gyung;Jung, Kwang-Wook;Kim, Hyung-Chul
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.534-539
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study is the introduction of pollutant loads's estimation into Saemangeum watershed area with M.E.'s guidebook for TMDL and GIS tool. To estimate reliable pollutants loads, it is necessary to think about characteristic of removal, discharge and runoff as time series. In this study, it was calculated for generation loads which be came from pollutant source, discharge loads which be reduced in the treatment facilities and delivery loads which be considered the self purification parameter and delivery distance. To assess the delivery distance handily, it was particularly estimated using Arc-GIS. It was met with good results that delivery loads of BOD, T-N and T-P was reflected to seasonal precipitation. Lastly to verify the estimated pollutant loads, HSPF developed by USEPA was applied to it. It was showed a relativity of observed to simulated data for flow, Temperature, DO, BOD, $NO_3^--N$ TN and TP. Consequantly, this delivery loads can make full use of model input data for prediction of pollutant loads.

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A Nursing College Women's Meaning of Labor and Delivery : Phenomenological Method (간호학 전공 여대생이 인지한 분만의 의미에 대한 연구)

  • Yeo, Jung-Hee
    • Women's Health Nursing
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.203-211
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    • 2001
  • A women's meaning about labor and delivery may influence the process of childbirth and performance of the maternal role. Therefore, negative meaning about the birth experience may have a negative impact on the childrearing. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of labor and delivery for the strategies of nursing intervention in positive childbirth experience. The data were collected through the in-depth interviews of 10 nursing college women on Jeju Island from October 2000 to January 2001. The interviews were conducted by investigator in the class room after school hours. Each interview lasted for about 30 minutes on average. Subjects were interviewed one at a time. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the subject. The data were analyzed by means of Giorgi's phenomenological analysis methods and catagorized according to the similarities of its contents. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify the themes and the main meanings. Eight main meanings were identified as follows : 1)pain 2) shame and disgust 3)load 4)naturality 5)unreality 6)happiness 7)anxiety 8)maturity. Under these main meanings there were seventeen themes. I. Pain : (a) It's too painful (b) I don't want to deliver II. Shame and Disgust : (a) I am shameful (b) I am hateful III. Load : (a) I don't feel free (b) I have responsibility IV. Naturality : (a) It's in order to obtain a child (b) It's natural for women (c) It's a destiny of women V. Unreality : I don't feel real VI. Happiness : (a) I am glad (b) I am happy (c) It's miraculous VII. Anxiety : (a) I am anxious (b) I am worried VIII. Maturity : (a) I understand parents (b) I feel great. The results of the study will provide basic data for positive childbirth experience.

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An Efficient Load Balancing Policy in P2P Contents Delivery System for Cyber Education (사이버 교육을 위한 P2P 기반 콘텐츠 전송시스템에서 효율적인 부하 분산 정책)

  • Kim, Jin-Il;Hwang, Yoon-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2007
  • To perform on-line cyber education, it is indispensable to delivery contents file to participant users. When users' requests occur simultaneously in a shot period, server falls into overload phase. A common to avoid overload is a software solution based on P2P, which does no cost any additional expense. But, in this solution, it yields many problems such as service delay and system failure because of peer self-control. In this paper we propose an efficient load balancing policy based on P2P system. which is the contents delivery system for cyber education system using idle computing power in the proposed solution, we present server selection scheme called P2P-Pattern method, which results in minimum service delay. we can see that our scheme outperforms previous scheme.

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