• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.359-367
• /
• 2003

Purpose: This study is designed to test the effects of a full body massage on Apgar score, postpartum mother's childbirth experience, and mother-infant attachment for primipara during labor. Method: Data were collected using a quasi-experiment method (nonequivalent control group, pre-post test design) from November 1, 2001 to July 31, 2002. The subjects for this experiment consist of 28 women in the experimental group and 29 in the control group, out of 57 primipara hospitalized at the U OB & GYN hospital in Inchon. A 20 minute full body massage was given to the experimental group on each of three delivery phases (latent, active, and transition), and a conventional delivery care to the control group. The experimental tools for the study are Apgar score scale developed by Apgar(1958), postpartum mother's childbirth experience scale developed by Marut and Mercer(1979), and mother-infant attachment scale developed by Cropley et al(1981). The data collected were analyzed using t-test, χ2 test, and ANCOVA on the SPSS program. Result: The results of the experiment are as follows: One minute(t=6.756, p=.000; F=9.181, p=.004), and five minute(t=6.129, p=.000; F=7.918, p=.007) Apgar score are increased significantly. Postpartum mother's childbirth experience is significantly increased(t=11.691, p=.000; F=11.741, p=.001). Verbal touch score(t=5.256, p=.000; F=7.169, p=.010), skin touch score(t=11.332, p=.000; F=27.073, p=.000), and total score(t=12.105, p=.000; F=30.104, p=.000) of postpartum mother's childbirth experience are significantly increased, but not for eye touch score(t=3.236, p=.002; F=.800, p=.375). Conclusion: This study shows that a full body massage has a significant positive effect on Apgar score, postpartum mother's childbirth experience. and mother-infant attachment. Therefore, it is suggested that the full body massage might be used clinically to help primipara during labor.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.310-322
• /
• 2020

This study investigated the classification and characteristics of augmented reality (AR) content of fashion brands. The AR contents of fashion brands were classified according to user participation space and content delivery method. Based on these types, eight case studies were conducted, along with a discussion of AR characteristics in terms of presence, interactivity, and immersion. The results showed that AR content could be divided into four types: offline visit-external information type, offline visit-internal experience type, online utilization-external information type, and online utilization-internal experience type. It was also found that there were differences in characteristics for each type of AR content. First, the offline visit-external information type requires various new content that can provide entertainment immersion to users. Second, the offline visit-internal experience type requires a powerful inducement for users to visit a specific space providing AR content and to participate in augmented environments. Third, the online utilization-external information type needs a series of AR content that can consistently incite users' curiosity about brands and products. Fourth, the online utilization-internal experience type needs effective content to improve users' shopping experience with the virtual fitting of fashion accessories, such as eyewear, hats, jewelry, and watches. Accordingly, fashion companies should create contents that can provide appropriate presence, interactivity, and immersion by AR type.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.603-614
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the criteria of evaluating clothing and web service on internet shopping malls related to consumers' shopping behavior, This study surveyed consumers who have an experience of buying products on the internet shopping mall and the questionnaire and judgment sampling was used. The subjects were 305 men and women living in the metropolitan area. Method of data analysis were factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test and descriptive statistics. The results were as follows: the items buy from the internet were t-shirts, blouses, knits, skirts and pants. The reasons for buying clothing on the internet were good prices, time saving, door-to-door delivery, while the reasons for not buying on the internet were worries about differences between the product shown on the screen and the actual one, quality guarantee, delivery accident and inconvenience in exchange and refund. Among the differences of clothing evaluation criteria according to internet shopping behavior, significant differences were found in the esthetic criteria and the quality performance criteria according to internet using hours, and in the esthetic criteria according to buying experiences. Among the differences of web service evaluation criteria according to internet shopping behavior, the differences among the groups were found in the reliance criteria, the product reference criteria, the order processing criteria and the handling after purchase criteria according to internet using hours. The significant differences were found in the handling after purchase criteria and the promotion$.$policy criteria according to buying experience, and in the promotion$.$policy criteria according to times of purchase.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.10 no.11
• /
• pp.477-484
• /
• 2012

In order to clearly define and understand an essential meaning on a growing number of immigrant women with an experience of being in pregnancy and childbirth, who married to men living in rural community in Korea, our study has been carried out with a phenomenological research method. Basic information collection was implemented by doing multiple in-depth interviews in being recorded with nine immigrant women married to the men, and also analyzed by the phenomenological method of Colaizzi. As the result of the study, the switchover in their life on the course to adaptation or transition to Korean life with experience of being pregnant and delivery generally classified into up to four categories and nine subjects. The four categories come out with "expectation of unknown world/country", "being experienced of new challenge", "feeling happiness going through anguish of hear" and "expectation/hope with her giving birth to a baby-transition in her life". Thus, the result of this study is intended to understand their difficulties likely caused or felt in adaptation to Korea life and culture, and to provide solutions or information of a program for their being actively adapted that may help get them easily assimilated into Korean life and culture.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.463-495
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to obtain a fundamental data for developing a policy concerning women and child rearing and a parent education program for young parents who are around their childbirth, a period crucially important both for the parents in terms of the role adjustment, career management, and family finance, and for the infants in terms of its physical and psychological well-being. The subjects were 509 mothers before and after childbirth currently living in the Metropolitan City of Daejeon. Data were obtained through questionnaires and interviews in two major areas of pregnancy-delivery-childcare and parent education. Data were analyzed using SAS, mostly through frequency analysis, percentiles, t-tests, and F-tests. Results of descriptive analyses were organized along the following areas and issues: Pregnancy(family planning, regular check-ups, difficulties, prenatal education, costs, etc.); delivery(type of delivery, delivery related experience, costs, clinic/medical institute of choice, worries/problems, help/supports, etc.); postpartum care(place, kinds of help and helper, costs, postpartum care facilities, etc.); childcare circumstances(place, carer, time schedules, childcare centers or facilities feeding and weaning, etc.); husband's attitudes and involvement in the overall process; working mothers(maternity leave, temporary retirement for child rearing, etc.); and, parent education(family planning, pregnancy, delivery, postpartum care, child rearing, areas or issues needing parent education, facilitative and hindering factors to ideal parenting, etc.). Differences between groups of pregnant mothers and postpartum mothers, working- and non-working mothers, groups of different income levels, mothers and fathers of different educational levels, mothers of first pregnancy(or childbirth) and experienced mothers were also analyzed. Several conclusions with suggestions were drawn in relation to the need for strong implementation as well as developing of policies on women and childcare and for developing a new parent education program for parents before and after childbirth.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between perineal demage, a physiological element that mothers experience immediately after delivery, and postpartum depression. The postpartum depression level of women after delivery was $6.67{\pm}4.34$ points at delivery, $7.41{\pm}4.77$ after 2 weeks, and $7.77{\pm}5.27$ after 6 weeks. The degree of mild postpartum depression increased to 26% after delivery, 33% after 2 weeks, and to 41.4 after 6 weeks. At 2 weeks and 6 weeks postpartum, the feeling of discomfort during walking or sitting caused by perineal incision had a direct correlation with postpartum depression. Therefore, in order to prevent postpartum depression, management of discomfort associated with the perineal incision should be given priority.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 1976

Contemporary nursing is concerned with meeting patients physical psychological and secio-economical needs and with helping persons to sore their own problems. At the time of confinement and delivery, women often have physical and psychological disco- mort related to fear, tension or anxiety. Pain related to these causes varies with the individual woman. Effective nursing care to meet individual needs during labor and delivery is important if nurses are to understand and relieve woman's physical and psychological pain. A questionnaire prepared for the purpose by the investigator was administered to 162 women in two general hospitals, one in Seoul and one in TaeGu, during August 1 and September 20, 1975 and to the 13 delivery-room nurses who cared for them. It was hoped that the study would contribute to comprehensive nursing care during labor and delivery and to improve maternal and child health. 1. The sample of mothers ranged in age from 18 to 39; the majority were from 25 to 29 years old (54.3%). Most of them were housewives (87.6%). Sixty-three percent had high school or higher education. They had a range of one to seven deliveries. Sixty-one percent were primiparas Most had some prenatal care (87.6%). 2. The age of the group of nurses ranged from 22 to 39. Ten were 22 or 23. Five of the 13 had from six to ten months experience in the de]ivory room. Twelve were single and ten had a religious affiliation. 3. Both primiparas and multiparas thought equally that physical and psychological care, nursing skills and attitudes were important during labor and delivery, but did not relate basic nursing care directly to normal delivery. Need for nursing care was rated more highly by primiparas (2.83-3.48) than by multiparas (2.51-3.17) (p〈0.05). 4. There was no difference in need for nursing care according to the educational level of the women nor according to whether they had a religious affiliation or not (p〉0.05). 5. There was no difference in the reported nursing care given regarding of the educational preparation of the nurses (p〉 0.05). 6. There the reported nursing needs of the women and the reported nursing care given were compared, physical and psychological nursing care directed toward protecting the mother and fetus and a safe do]ivory were considered important by both groups. Neither group related simple nursing care directly to protection of the mother and fetus or to a safe delivery. The women rated highly their needs for nourishment (3.05) and having a relative with them (2.90) for emotional support but there was little evidence (2.39) that the nurses provided care to meet these needs (p〈0.05). In conclusion, the nursing needs of the women during the three stages of labor and the nursing care given were generally similar. The women had more psychological needs than physical needs but in comparison, nurses gave a little more physical than psychological care. The results point up the need to make adjustments in labor and delivery room nursing care the nurse should Prepared to pay more attention and bigger consideration in psychological comfort care than physical care.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.25 no.12
• /
• pp.305-313
• /
• 2020

In this paper, We Propose a ways how franchise service of delivery app should be made by analyzing the effect of delivery app usage properties of food service franchisee on satisfaction, business performance and intention of reusing, and suggest support plan of delivery app for franchise by food service franchisee. This study conducted survey on 212 franchises that have experience using delivery app among food service franchisees. To verify the hypothesis of the study, single regression and multiple regression analysis were conducted for verifying the relationship between variables. Key results of the study are as follows. First, it was found that the delivery app usage properties of food service franchisee had a positive relationship with satisfaction. Second, it was found that the delivery app usage properties of food service franchisee had positive relationship with business performance. Third, the satisfaction was found to affect business performance. Fourth, it was found that the satisfaction didn't affect the intention of reusing, and business performance was found to have a positive effect on the intention of reusing. It is necessary to increase the satisfaction of using of franchises through continuous management and reasonable pricing policies, and the headquarter of franchisee should be able to contribute to energetic sales of franchises through effective cooperation with delivery app companies.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.18 no.9
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study aims at investigating consumers' choice in online food purchasing behavior and the impact on repurchase for fresh food delivery which has recently shown rapid growth in Korea. The study focuses on the user experience factors af fecting satisfaction and intention to continuously use the online food market. Research design, data and methodology: The survey was conducted by 309 people who had purchased fresh food online, and the analysis was conducted using SPSS and AMOS. Structural Equation Modeling was used for the analysis for the verification of hypotheses. The factors that consumers value when ordering fresh food delivery services were defined as system quality, service quality, commodity quality, brand characteristics, and economics from the preceding study and the relationship between satisfaction and willingness to repurchase was verified. Results: When consumers purchase fresh food online, system quality, product quality, brand characteristics, and economics have had a significant impact on satisfaction. Meanwhile, of the five optional attributes of consumers, only economic efficiency has been verified to have a statistically significant impact on repurchase intentions. Conclusions: The results of the study suggested factors that consumers consider important when ordering fresh food online, providing basic data for companies to develop related strategies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.1406-1424
• /
• 2017

Recent advancements in network infrastructures provide increased opportunities to support data delivery over multiple paths. Compared with multi-homing scenario, overlay network is regarded as an effective way to construct multiple paths between end devices without any change on the underlying network. Exploiting multipath characteristics has been explored for TCP with multi-homing device, but the corresponding exploration with overlay network has not been studied in detail yet. Motivated by improving quality of experience (QoE) for reliable data delivery, we propose a multipath message transport protocol based on application level relay (MPMTP-AR). MPMTP-AR proposes mechanisms and algorithms to support basic operations of multipath transmission. Dynamic feedback provides a foundation to distribute reasonable load to each path. Common source decrease (CSD) takes the load weight of the path with congestion into consideration to adjust congestion window. MPMTP-AR uses two-level sending buffer to ensure independence between paths and utilizes two-level receiving buffer to improve queuing performance. Finally, the MPMTP-AR is implemented on the Linux platform and evaluated by comprehensive experiments.