• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.41-54
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• 2021

Purpose: Delivery food orders are on the rise due to the COVID 19 pandemic. Many customers are ordering food through delivery apps rather than visiting restaurants to eat out. Delivery application platforms are growing due to the development of O2O. Most of the people who provide gig worker for delivery applications are rider. Rider provides labor on their own terms and have more work flexibility and autonomy than ordinary workers. Trust can be transferred from a well-known entity to an unknown entity. From the customer's point of view of using the delivery application, trust can be seen through the third-party trust of the delivery application platform-rider-customer. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the effect on delivery application trust and rider trust through the well-known characteristics of delivery applications. Research design, data, and methodology: This study was conducted on Korean consumers over 20 years of age who have ordered food through a delivery application for the past month. After educating 5 investigators about the purpose of this study, 60 copies of the survey were conducted per person. During the investigation period, from September 2 to September 26, 2021, 322 copies were collected over 25 days. Among the collected questionnaires, 37 were excluded from insincere or partially unanswered, and 285 were used for analysis. In addition, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0. Result: As a result of the study, convenience, price, and variety of restaurants were found to have a significant positive (+) effect on app trust, but design did not have a significant effect on app trust. Also, it was found that convenience had a significant positive (+) effect on trust in rider, but design, price, and variety of restaurants did not have a significant effect. App trust was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on rider trust and intention to use, and it was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on rider trust and intention to use. Conclusions: First, this study established a structural framework between delivery application characteristics-delivery-app trust-rider trust-intention to use. Second, in this study, it was found that customer trust in well-known delivery applications was transferred to less-known rider trust. Third, the delivery application should increase the convenience of use. Fourth, delivery application should set the delivery fee appropriately. Fifth, delivery application must continuously train the rider.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.27-27
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• 2017

Biocompatible capsules have recently been highlighted as novel delivery platforms of any "materials" (e.g., drug, food, agriculture pesticide) to address current problems of living systems such as humans, animals, and plats in academia and industry for agriculture, biological, biomedical, environmental, food applications. For example, biocompatible alginate capsules were proposed as a delivery platform of biocontrol agents (e.g., bacterial antagonists) for an alternative to antibiotics, which will be a potential strategy in future agriculture. Here, we proposed a new platform based on biocompatible alginate capsules that can control the movements as an active target delivery strategy for various applications including agriculture and biological engineering. We designed and fabricated large scale biocompatible capsules using alginates and custom-made nozzles as well as gelling solutions. To develop the active target delivery platforms, we incorporated the iron oxide nanoparticles in the large scale alginate capsules. It was found that the sizes of large scale alginate capsules could be controlled via various working conditions such as concentrations of alginate solutions and iron oxide nanoparticles. As a proof of concept work, we showed that the iron oxide particles-incorporated large scale alginate capsules could be moved actively by the magnetic fields, which would be a strategy as active target delivery platforms for agriculture and biological engineering (e.g., controlled delivery of agriculture pesticides and biocontrol agents).

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.724-739
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• 2009

This paper suggests the energy-efficient message delivery scheme and the software platform which exploits the multiple network interfaces of the mobile terminals and GPS in the current mobile devices. The mobile terminals determine the delivery method among 'direct', 'indirect', and 'WAN' based on the position information of itself and other terminals. 'Direct' method sends a message directly to the target terminal using local RAT. 'Indirect' method extends the service area by exploiting intermediate terminals as relay node. If the target terminal is too far to reach through 'direct' or 'indirect' method, the message is sent using wireless WAN technology. Our proposed scheme exploits the position information and, thus, power consumption is drastically reduced in determining handover time and direction. Network simulation results show that our proposed delivery scheme improves the message transfer efficiency and the handover detection latency. We implemented a message platform in a smart phone realizing the proposed delivery scheme. We compared our platform with other typical message platforms from energy efficiency aspect by observing the real power consumption and applying the mathematical modeling. The comparison results show that our platform requires significantly less power.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.91-104
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• 2024

Purpose: The study aims to assess the current status of domestic public food delivery apps and analyze the process through which sellers choose between private delivery apps and public delivery apps. This involves exploring strategiesto achieve the original purpose of public food delivery apps, which is to enhance the small business owners income and promote consumer welfare by preventing the monopoly of private food delivery apps. Research design, data and methodology: the research methodology is based on a model that introduces adjustments for non-economic effects, considering the preferences of multi-homing consumers, to more realistically reflect the benefits of sellers' choices. For data analysis, real business performance data from 'Daeguro', 'Meokkaebi', and 'Somunnan Shop' were used. Results: The study revealed that if the market share of public delivery apps within a specific region increases beyond a certain level, the benefits for small-business sellers also increase. This leads to the strategic advantage of simultaneously using both delivery apps. Furthermore, the results exhibit a tendency similar to real social phenomena. Conclusions: This analysis confirmed the role of public food delivery apps in the domestic delivery app market and presents policy recommendations, including application integration and the implementation of exclusive public interest functions, to effectively fulfill this role.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.117-132
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• 2023

With the recent spread of COVID-19, the size of the online shopping market continues to increase, and various online platforms are appearing in the market, and many small and medium businesses are entering the platform. As the recent increase in the use of the platform by small andmedium businesses as raised the issue of appropriate platform fees, the need for social discussions on the use of the platform and fees is raised. Currently, most discussions regarding fees primarily focus on specific cases from a negative perspective, and discussions that comprehensively consider the platform's utilization value and fees are insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to systematically and comprehensively understand platform fees by considering the value of using platform services and commission costs together. To achieve this, the economic value of each platform service was estimated and analyzed in detail. It selected two industries that are actively using online platforms, delivery services and e-commerce, and paid attention to changes in expected profits generated by sellers using platform services, and compared and analyzed expected profits based on estimated sales and costs for each scenario, such as whether sellers entered the platform and whether they used the service. As a result of the study, our results that entering the platform and using the platform service enable sales increase and cost reduction, which have a positive effect on the seller's expected profit. Through this study, we intend to understand platform fees from the perspective of user fees for platform service use and value acquisition, and based on this, estimate the economic value of platform services and fees to expand the value and cost of using platform services to a comprehensive and systematic discussion.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2024

Background: The present study aimed to analyze several aspects of the working conditions and health status of platform workers in the Republic of Korea, such as ergonomic and emotional hazards. We also compared the health status of the platform workers with that of the general population. Methods: A total of 1,000 platform workers participated in this survey from August 7 to August 17, 2022. The participants included 400 designated drivers, 400 food-delivery drivers, and 200 housekeeping managers. A face-to-face survey with a structured questionnaire was conducted by researchers who had received specific instructions. The focus of the survey extended to the work environment, encompassing factors such as workplace violence, as well as physical, chemical, and ergonomic hazards. Health-related data for the previous year were also collected, covering a range of issues such as hearing problems, skin problems, musculoskeletal symptoms, headaches, injuries, mental health issues, and digestive problems. Subsequently, we compared the health symptom data of the responders with those of the general population in the Republic of Korea. Results: Platform workers, including designated drivers, food-delivery drivers, and housekeeping managers, existed in the blind spot of social insurance, facing frequent exposure to physical and chemical hazards, ergonomic risk factors, and direct or indirect violence. The prevalence of health problems, including musculoskeletal symptoms, general fatigue, and depressive symptoms, in each occupational group was statistically higher than that in the general population after standardization for age and gender. Conclusion: The results revealed unfavorable working environment and inferior occupational health of platform workers compared with those of the general population.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.528-536
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• 2009

Recently, the importance of IPTV providing multimedia service over IP based networks managed to provide the required level of quality of service and experience, security, interactivity and reliability has been gradually increasing by the commercialization of its service. However, the original purposes of IPTV service - contents are produced and consumed anytime, anywhere, and over any device at the same time - have not been satisfied by service providers because most services offered by service providers depend on closed IPTV platform. In this paper, we propose an open IPTV service platform that an individual or small company can easily produce contents and offer IPTV service independently from the existing closed IPTV platform.. The proposed IPTV platform exploits overlay multicast scheme to offer reasonable service under the environment where network bandwidth and processor resource are limited. It also uses CDN-like scheme to ensure the quality of transmitted contents. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed IPTV platform has the possibility of being an open IPTV platform considering its results such as the quality of transmitted contents, the transmission rate, the channel zapping time, and so on. It also shows that proposed IPTV platform could be applied to real IPTV service with continuous enhancement of its functions and user interfaces.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.45-51
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to propose a win-win development plan for not only suppliers of delivery applications but also traditional market vendor companies and delivery riders by analyzing existing delivery models and presenting a new delivery model to enhance competitiveness of the traditional market using delivery apps. Research desgin, data, and methodology - Specifically, small retailers, such as traditional markets and supermarkets, presented a compromised delivery model that utilizes the platform of specialized delivery app service providers for order reception, and that the delivery is delivered by delivery systems jointly hired by Vendor companies, such as franchising companies. To validate the significance of the trade-off delivery model, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted by those involved in the delivery application. Results - From the perspective of suppliers of specialized delivery applications, it is analyzed that the use of specialized delivery applications in traditional markets will be a new market opportunity for service providers to achieve increased sales. It is expected that consumer choice and satisfaction will be increased as convenience and accessibility of traditional market businesses that were available only through direct visit from the user side of the delivery application will be expanded. From the standpoint of delivery application franchises, it is analyzed that they can seek to increase sales and increase customer service as well as ease labor cost burden due to joint employment of delivery riders. The delivery rider will be able to seek to improve customer service due to job security, wage stability, risk reduction and overheated competition due to direct employment. Conclusion - In conclusion, the compromised delivery model solved the problems raised in the preceding study conducted on delivery application suppliers, users, franchises, and riders to establish that it could be a strategic alternative to increasing sales and expanding detailed rights for the self-employed in the traditional market, which are experiencing difficulties in management. However, the adoption of a compromise delivery model requires social consensus from those involved in the delivery application and requires legal, institutional and policy support, which will require continued follow-up research on the delivery model in the future.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.323-329
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• 2017

Purpose: Biocompatible capsules have recently been highlighted as a novel platform for delivering various components, such as drug, food, and agriculture pesticides, to overcome the current limitations of living systems, such as those in agriculture, biology, the environment, and foods. However, few active targeting systems using biocompatible capsules and physical forces simultaneously have been developed in the agricultural engineering field. Methods: Here, we developed an active targeting delivery platform that uses biocompatible alginate capsules and controls movements by magnetic forces for agricultural and biological engineering applications. We designed and fabricated large-scale biocompatible capsules, using custom-made nozzles ejecting alginate solutions for encapsulation. Results: To develop the active target delivery platforms, we incorporated iron oxide nanoparticles in the large-scale alginate capsules. The sizes of alginate capsules were controlled by regulating the working conditions, such as concentrations of alginate solutions and iron oxide nanoparticles. Conclusions: We confirmed that the iron oxide particle-incorporated large-scale alginate capsules moved actively in response to magnetic fields, which will be a good strategy for active targeted delivery platforms for agriculture and biological engineering applications, such as for the controlled delivery of agriculture pesticides and biocontrol agents.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 2015

In recent years, the advance on the high-end converging technology has improved to the changes on digital signage technology in many ways. Digital signage has to be designed to give information through systemed structure among the constituent for developing the information delivery responding to the environmental conversion, not feeding user information. Therefore, this paper proposes a smart contents platform which supplies various from of digital signage contents. In the digital signage circumstance, the smart contents platform is a way for an effective information transmission, game and the advertising interface by recognizing user interaction and the environmental information. This platform is composed of base hardware, middleware and middle device. Each component module is managed by the smart contents platform. Furthermore, it serves various live contents experiences via gathering and analyzing user and environmental information with linking various sensors and devices. It is a new way of information delivery which serves contents producing and providing circumstances in parallel.