• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.384-391
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• 2005

Three dimensional finite difference elastic wave model was developed to estimate the feasibility of surface wave applications in geotechnical problems. The wave motions calculated by the developed program in this study shows good agreement with well known analytic solutions. The surface wave motions calculated from layered dam type structure can be interpreted as a infinite layer structure using dispersion curve but it is need a special source of which high energy in frequency band lower than 10 Hz to get information of physical properties in few tens meter deep. The source which has high energy in the low frequency band, however, can give defect on dam and this will make some limitation in real field applications. The dispersion curves calculated from the surface wave motion of homogeneous and center core type dam models will give rise to fatal errors if the conventional infinite layer structure used in their interpretation because the surrounding materials and boundaries of dam make some distortion in dispersion curve of surface wave. So it is strongly recommended to use three dimensional inversion model for correct interpretation and estimation of physical properties of dam materials.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2020

본 연구의 대상은 도로 폭이 좁은 시가지에서 굴착공사 시 적용되는 장지간 주형의 연결부이다. 일반적으로 적용되고 있는 연결부에서 상부 플랜지의 단차와 피로균열 등의 문제로 연결부의 신뢰도가 저하된다. 연결부의 결함을 보완하고 안전성을 향상시킨 개선형 연결부를 개발하였다. 유한요소 기반의 상용프로그램(ABAQUS)를 이용하여 개선형 연결부의 거동을 평가하였다. 먼저, 개선형 연결부에 적용되는 고장력 볼트 연결 및 강재와 콘크리트의 합성거동을 구현하기 위한 수치해석 방법을 제안하였다. 비교논문의 실험결과와 수치해석 결과의 비교를 통하여 개선형 연결부를 해석하는데 있어 수치해석 방법의 적합성을 검증하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 수치해석 방법을 적용하여 개선형 연결부와 일반형 연결부가 적용된 장지간 주형을 해석하였다. 장지간 주형의 탄소성 거동과 연결부의 응력분포를 수치 해석적으로 비교분석하였다. 개선형 연결부의 도입으로 25%의 압축응력이 감소되며 구조적 성능 개선효과 및 안전성을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.166-171
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• 2004

Since early 1950's fracture mechanics has brought significant impact on structural integrity assessment in a wide range of industries such as power, transportation, civil and petrochemical industries, especially in nuclear power plant industries. For the last two decades, significant efforts have been devoted in developing defect assessment procedures, from which various fitness-for-purpose or fitness-for-service codes have been developed. From another aspect, recent advances in IT (Information Technologies) bring rapid changes in various engineering fields. IT enables people to share information through network and thus provides concurrent working environment without limitations of working places. For this reason, a network system based on internet or intranet bas been appeared in various fields of business. Evaluating the integrity of structures is one of the most critical issues in nuclear industry. In order to evaluate the integrity of structures, a complicated and collaborative procedure is required including regular in-service inspection, fracture mechanics analysis, etc. And thus, experts in different fields have to cooperate to resolve the integrity problem. In this paper, an internet-based cooperative system for integrity evaluation system which adapts IT into a structural integrity evaluation procedure for reactor pressure vessel is introduced. The proposed system uses Virtual Reality (VR) technique, Virtual Network Computing (VNC) and agent programs. This system is able to support 3-dimensional virtual reality environment and to provide experts to cooperate by accessing related data through internet.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.369-377
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• 1999

본 연구는 다중박막(multi-layer) 구조 모델에 대한 초음파신호처리 적용으로 접합경계면의 결함검출에 관한 연구이다. 이를 위해서 먼저 반도체 검사법에 의하여 박리(delamination). 다이 균열(die crack) 기포(void)의 유무를 확인할 수 있었고, 각 접합계면에서의 단위 cm당 결함 오차율을 모집군 25%이하에서 0.003%까지 측정 가능하였다. 또한 초음파 화상처리를 이용하여 결함 판독 프로그램을 위한 각 패키지별 화상을 8단계에서 16단계까지 데이터 베이스화할 수 있었고, 최종 결과 화면에서는 결함정도를 확률로 표현 가능하도록 하였으며 기포의 가능성도 추론해 볼 수 있다. 그리고, 박리검사 프로그램(delamination inspection program)에 의하여 결함의 크기와 결함의 원인을 16단계로 추론하고. S.A.T 장치에 귀환(feedback)시킬 수 있는 매개변수를 찾을 수 있었다. 특히, 반도체 결함추출 알고리즘 개발로 반도체 결함검사자동화의 기틀을 마련하였고, 향후 결함을 세분화하고 다양한 반도체 패키지별로 데이터베이스를 구축한다면, 온라인 상태에서 보다 많은 검사를 수행 할 수 있는 인공지능형 자동검사 시스템 구현이 가능할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.304-312
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to compare the amount of tooth movement after multiple horizontal (MH) and single vertical (SV) micro-osteoperforations (MOPs), and evaluate the histological changes after orthodontic force application in rabbits. Methods: The mandibles of 24 white rabbits were subjected to two experimental interventions: MH and SV MOPs. Defect volume of the MOPs between the two groups was kept similar. A force of 100 cN was applied via a coil spring between the incisor teeth and the first premolars. The amount of tooth movement was measured. Differences in the amount of tooth movement and bone variables at three time points and between the two groups were evaluated using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: The first premolar showed a mesial movement of 1.47 mm in the MH group and 1.84 mm in the SV group, which was significantly different at Week 3 (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in bone volume and bone fraction between the groups. Tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase-positive cell count was also significantly greater at Week 3 than at Week 1 in both the SV and MH groups. Conclusions: The amount of tooth movement showed significant differences between Weeks 1 and 3 in the SV and MH MOP groups, but showed no differences between the two groups. Therefore, SV MOP could be considered an effective tool for enhancing tooth movement, especially for molar distalization, uprighting, and protraction to an edentulous area.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.526-532
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• 2022

IoT 기술 발전에 따라 영상처리는 영상 분석, 영상 인식, 의료산업, 공장자동화 등 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 영상 데이터는 전송 라인의 결함 등의 원인으로 인하여 잡음이 발생하고, 영상잡음은 이미지 처리 응용 프로그램의 성능을 감소시키기 때문에 필수적으로 제거해야 한다. 영상잡음의 대표적인 유형으로 Salt and Pepper 잡음이 있으며, Salt and Pepper 잡음을 제거하기 위하여 다양한 연구가 진행되었다. 대표적인 방법으로는 A-TMF, AFMF, SDWF 등이 있지만 잡음의 밀도가 높아질수록 성능이 떨어지는 단점이 있으므로, 본 논문에서는 효과적인 잡음 제거를 위하여 잡음 판단을 진행한 후, 잡음일 경우에만 퍼지 논리 가중치 마스크를 이용하여 필터링을 진행하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘의 잡음 제거 성능을 증명하기 위하여 10%에서 90%의 잡음을 첨가한 영상에 대하여 실험하여 PSNR을 비교한 결과 기존 알고리즘보다 약 17.09[dB] 정도의 성능이 우수함을 보였다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2022

Background: It is suggested that the decline in functional level due to aging influences the increase in traffic accidents among elderly drivers. Among the functions related to the driving behavior of older drivers, physical function is related to muscle strength and motor control, and aging causes deterioration of motor control and a defect in motor output variability. Method: Data Search The online databases used for literature search are PubMed, ProQuest(PML), NDSL, and literature searches were conducted from April 19 to April 26, 2022. For the search, 'aging', 'driving', and 'braking' were used in the investigation. Results: The physical functions related to the braking ability of elderly drivers were analyzed in muscle strength, reaction ability, motor control, and other related factors. In terms of muscle strength, 3 studies analyzed the above factors. 8 studies analyzed the above factors for response ability. For motor control, two studies analyzed the above factors. In addition, related factors were analyzed in one piece. Conclusion: As a result of the analysis, physical function for reaction ability showed the highest frequency, followed by the strength item with the highest frequency. This study suggests that factors that can increase physical function must be included in the development of a rehabilitation program for the driving ability of the elderly.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.165-176
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of quantitative Tl-201 tomography to identify and localize coronary artery disease (CAD). The study population consisted of 41 patients (31 males, 10 females; mean age $55{\pm}7$ yr) including 14 with prior myocardial infarction who underwent both exercise Tl-201 myocardium SPECT and coronary angiography for the evaluation of chest pain. From the short axis and vertical long axis tomograms, stress extent polar maps were generated by Cedars-Sinai Medical Center program, and the % stress defect extent (SDE) was quantified for each coronary artery territory. For the purpose of this study, the coronary circulation was divided into 6 arterial segments, and the "myocardial ischemic score" (MIS) was calculated from the coronary angiogram. Sensitivity for the detection of CAD ($\geq50%$ coronary stenosis by angiography) by angiography) by stress extent polar map was 95% in single vessel disease, and 100% in double and triple vessel deseases. Overall sensitivity was 97%. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of individual diseased vessels were, respectively, 87% and 90% for the left anterior descending artery (LAD), 36% and 93% for the left circumflex artery (LCX), and 71% and 70% for the right coronary artery (RCA). Concordance for the detection of individual diseased vessels between the coronary angiography and stress polar map was fair for the LAD (kappa=0.70), and RCA (kappa=0.41) lesions, whereas it was poor for the LCX lesions (kappa : 0.32). There were siginificant correlations between the MIS and SDE in LAD (rs=0.56, p=0.0027), and RCA territory (rs=0.60, p=0.0094). No significant correlation was found in LCX territory. When total vascular territories were combined, there was a significant correlation between the MIS and SDE (rs=0.42, p=0.0116). In conclusion, the quantitative analysis of Tl-201 tomograms appears to be accurate for determining the presence and location of CAD.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 1999

The use of composite restorative materials is established due to continuing improvements in the materials and restorative techniques. Composite resins are widely used for the restoration of cervical lesions because of esthetics, good physical properties and working time. There are several types of cavity design for class V composite resin filling, but inappropriate cavity form may affect bonding failure, microleakage and fracture during mastication. Cavity preparations for composite materials should be as conservative as possible. The extent of the preparation is usually determined by the size, shape, and location of the defect. The design of the cavity preparation to receive a composite restoration may vary depending on several factors. In this study, 5 types of class V cavity were prepared on each maxillary central incisor. The types are; 1) V-shape, 2) round(U) shape, 3) box form, 4) box form with incisal bevel and 5) box form with incisal bevel and grooves for axial line angles. After restoration, in order to observe the concentration of stress at bonding surfaces of teeth and restorations, developing a 2-dimensional finite element model of labiopalatal section in tooth, surrounding bone, periodontal ligament and gingiva, based on the measurements by Wheeler, loading force from direction of 45 degrees from lingual side near the incisal edge was applied. This study analysed Von Mises stress with SuperSap finite element analysis program(Algor Interactive System, Inc.). The results were as follows : 1. Stress concentration was prevalent at tooth-resin bonding surface of cervical side on each model. 2. In model 2 without line angle, stress was distributed evenly. 3. Preparing bevel eliminated stress concentration much or less at line angle. 4. Model with round-shape distributed stress concentration more evenly than box-type model with sharp line angle, therefore decreased possibility of fracture. 5. Adding grooves to line angles had no effect of decreasing stress concentration to the area.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

본 논문은 기존의 음향 시스템이 가지고 있는 시스템 구성의 어려움, 추가설치비용 증가, 비 친화적인 인테리어의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 연구이다. 기존 시스템의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 전력선통신을 기반으로 새로운 음향 시스템을 설계하고 특성을 연구하였다. PLC 전용칩 INT5500CS을 사용하여 송신기와 수신기를 설계하였으며, 송신부에서 CD PLAYER로 음향 신호를 제공하고 수신부에 스피커를 연결하여 출력하는 음향 시스템을 구성하였다. 구성된 시스템의 특성분석을 위해 USBPre 외장사운드 카드와 PC기반의 음향 측정/분석 프로그램인 Smaart Live 5를 추가 구성하여 실험하였다. 실험 결과, Measurement 신호는 Reference 신호보다 $2{\sim}3$[dB]정도의 낮은 신호레벨을 보였으며, Latency는 16.69[ms]을 확인하였고, Coherency는 고 주파수대역에서 특성이 나빠졌음을 확인하였다. 반면에, Pink Noise 및 특정 주파수 1[kHz], Phase, Magnitude를 확인한 결과 90[%] 이상으로 정상적인 신호의 송수신이 이루어 졌음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과, 본 고에서 설계한 시스템의 성능이 우수함을 밝혔고, 이를 통해 기존 오디오 신호 전송 시스템의 문제점을 해결하였다.