• 공학교육연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2021

Critical thinking ability based on a sound sense of logic is essential for analyzing a given engineering design problem and assessing it to arrive at the most plausible conclusion. Engineering design classes require students to organize their engineering design experiences through reports, and engineering design reports require detailed specifications of their tasks at each stage. Given the nature of these curriculums, design classes provide writing courses focusing on science and engineering within specialized fields, but there still lies many obstacles for communication education that embraces both general education and major subjects. This study proposes a specified step-by-step writing model for engineering design reports that encompasses critical thinking for the objective of systemizing design experiences from engineering design report writing. For the purpose of the study, the concepts and relationship between critical thinking and creative problem solving have been examined, followed by a proposal of application methods for critical thinking criteria and elements from a case example on engineering design. Furthermore, the study proposes a critical thinking-based assessment rubric for logical decision making at each stage of engineering design as well as a resulting model for engineering design report writing.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.319-344
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• 2020

Inverse analysis of non-linear reinforced concrete bridge pier using recursive Gaussian filtering for in-situ condition assessment is the main theme of this work. For this purpose, minimum variance unbiased estimation using unscented sigma points is adopted here. The uniqueness of this inverse analysis lies in its approach for strain based updating of engineering demand parameters, where appropriate bound and constrained conditions are introduced to ensure numerical stability and convergence. In this analysis, seismic input is also identified, which is an added advantage for the structures having no dedicated sensors for earthquake measurement. First, the proposed strategy is tested with a simulated example whose hysteretic properties are obtained from the slow-cyclic test of a frame to investigate its efficiency and accuracy. Finally, the experimental test data of a full-scale bridge pier is used to study its in-situ condition in terms of Park & Ang damage index. Overall the study shows the ability of the augmented minimum variance unbiased estimation based recursive time-marching algorithm for non-linear system identification with the aim to estimate the engineering damage parameters that are the fundamental information necessary for any future decision making for retrofitting/rehabilitation.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to investigate a meaningful connection between the service supply chain and the power to influence potential customers for airline booking. This investigation will cover various topics, including customer service, product quality, and marketing strategies. Additionally, the literature review will examine the various strategies and tactics airlines use to influence customer behavior. Research design, data, and methodology: The data collection process conducted by the author could obtain the justification and establish the quality of the instrument between independent factor (Service Supply Chain) and dependent factor (Power to Influence Potential Customers), selecting peer-reviewed articles mostly for the current study. Results: The findings section thoroughly studied the research findings indicating a potential link between service supply chain management and the ability to persuade potential consumers to book an airline. The research findings will be explored concerning the numerous variables that may affect customers' decision-making in the airline business, the techniques used by airlines to sway consumers. Conclusions: The research has provided evidence that airlines use a variety of strategies to influence potential customers and that these strategies are generally successful in increasing customer loyalty and satisfaction, as well as sales. By utilizing these strategies, airlines can increase their customer base and profitability.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.17-35
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• 2022

The Pandemic crisis caused by COVID-19 has raised awareness of the importance of supply chain risk management, such as the control of movement between countries and the simultaneous manufacturing paralysis in the world. Effective risk management within the supply chain of the company is a core competency in the global environment. Therefore, this study quantitatively analyzed the perspective of domestic large corporations and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by using the hierarchical analysis method (AHP) to identify the factors that should be considered as the priority when establishing supply chain risk management plans for large and small business employees. In order to conduct the study, a survey was conducted on large corporations and small and medium enterprises in Gyeongnam and Busan, and AHP analysis was conducted using Microsoft 365 excel program. In addition, Mann-Whitney U test (independent sample-nonparametric test) was conducted using SPSS/18 version of statistical package program for comparative analysis between groups. As a result, the priority was highly evaluated in the order of financial ability, competitiveness, disaster in the overall priority evaluation. There were statistically significant differences in internal risk and strategic decision making of supply chain between groups. This suggests that fandemics such as COVID-19 can not be predicted, but strategic responses are needed to utilize opportunities expressed in the crisis through supply chain risk management and to increase the competitive advantage of domestic companies even in the crisis.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.241-248
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• 2011

Past theories on construction price formation have been shown to be inadequate in terms of their ability to represent real-life industry practice and price formation predictability. In this paper, we develop a theoretical framework on construction price formation that integrates four theories within the domains of marketing, learning, resource management and economics. These are: (i) marketing pricing theory; (ii) experiential and organisational learning theory; (iii) resourced based theory and (iv) microeconomic theory. Utilising pricing theory from marketing, a foundation is able to be created for the procedure of construction price formation, namely: (i) identifying the objectives; (ii) assessing the tendering environment; and (iii) formation of the price. However, understanding contractors' decision making process in tender pricing as such can be attributed to theories of experiential learning and consequently organisational learning. It is argued that contractors do learn from past experience and history and are able to adapt to different market conditions. In formation of the price, neoclassical microeconomics is able to provide additional insight in terms of the supply and demand model and consideration of the market conditions. Interrelated with the microeconomic concept of scarcity, we appreciate that contractors do have limited resources that affect their tender pricing decisions and resource based theory is used to substantiate this. Integrating the various theories as a unity allows the broader reality to be visualised and add to our theoretical understanding of construction price formation.

• 산업과 과학
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

본 논문은 감성분석을 통한 소프트 파워의 수치화를 주제로 다루고 있다. 감성분석은 텍스트, 음성, 이미지 등 다양한 데이터에서 감정이나 감성을 탐지하고 분석하는 과정을 의미한다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 감성분석을 통해 소프트 파워를 어떻게 수치화할 수 있는지에 대한 방법론과 그 의의를 탐구하였다. 소프트 파워는 국가나 단체가 다른 국가나 단체의 행동을 원하는 방향으로 영향을 주는 능력을 의미한다. 이는 군사적 또는 경제적 수단보다는 문화, 가치관, 정치체제 등의 부드러운 요소에 의해 구축되며, 감성분석은 이러한 부드러운 영역을 측정하고 이해하는 데 유용한 도구로 활용되고 있다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2019

Purpose - With the economic development in China, the lifestyle of Chinese customers has changed dramatically. Chinese customers are more likely to have coffee in a shop with the ability to make them happy than those with high quality coffee in a nice physical environment. Happiness becomes a critical driver of customers' intention to purchase a cup of coffee in a specific coffee shop again and again. As a result, happiness becomes an important factor for managers to make strategies for attracting customers. Although managers and scholars pay more attention to emphasize the importance of happiness in customers' consumption, little research has been conducted to investigate the relationship between happiness and coffee shop's continuous usage intention in the Chinese coffee industry. Research design, data, and methodology - A research model is made to explain the impact of happiness on customer's behavior. To understand the influence of happiness better, we consider two dimensions of happiness which are subjective well-being and psychological well-being. In order to confirm the relationships of the variables in the research model, the online survey is constructed in China. Customers who have experienced the services in a coffee shop are asked to do the questionnaire. With 453 reliable questionnaires, structural equation modeling is used to analyze the causal relationships of the coffee quality, physical environment, subjective well-being, psychological well-being, and continuous usage intention. Results - Results indicate that coffee quality and physical environment are not the direct factors that influence customers' continuous usage intention. However, good coffee quality and physical environment are the significant predictors of Chinese customers' happiness associated with subjective well-being and psychological well-being, which in turn affects customers' continuous usage intention. Conclusions - In this study, it is proposed that coffee quality and physical environment may be the key factors influencing customers' happiness. Happiness, including subjective well-being and psychological well-being matters in decision making process. More importantly, happiness increases the continuous usage intention when the coffee shop can serve customers with higher quality coffee at a good atmospheric place. Managers should consider happiness as an important factor in making marketing strategies to compete in this industry.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.189-200
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of learning that has applied instruction module utilizing ICT in project-based learning in elementary science classroom on improvement of the self-directed learning skills and the problem-solving skills. For this purpose, the project based learning instruction module utilizing ICT based was developed and conducted to 2 class consisting of 66 elementary students in the 6th grade to clarify the effects. As a result of the study, first, the instruction module utilizing ICT in project-based learning was effective in improving self-directed learning skills of students. As the subordinate effects of self-directed learning skills it showed improved effects in diagnosing desire to learn, setting goals, basic self-managing ability, selecting learning strategy, durability of practicing learning, making effort for result, and self-examination but it did not show improved effects in figuring out recognition of resources for Learning. Second, it was effective in improving the problem-solving skills of students. As the subordinate effects of problem-solving skills it showed improved effects in problem recognition, information gathering, analysis, thinking prior to dissemination, planning skill, and evaluation but it did not show effect on decision making, implementation & risk-taking and feedback.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.408-417
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• 2022

Although traditionally perceived as being a visualization and asset management resource, the relatively rapid rate of improvement of computing power, coupled with the proliferation of cloud and edge computing and the IoT has seen the expanded functionality of modern Digital Twins (DTs). These technologies, when applied to buildings, are now providing users with the ability to analyse and predict their energy consumption, implement building controls and identify faults quickly and efficiently, while preserving acceptable comfort and well-being levels. Furthermore, when these building DTs are linked together to form a community DT, entirely new and novel energy management techniques, such as demand side management, demand response, flexibility and local energy markets can be unlocked and analysed in detail, creating circularity in the economy and making ordinary building occupants active participants in the energy market. Through the EU Horizon 2020 funded TwinERGY project, three different levels of DT (consumer - building - community) are being created to support the creation of local energy markets while optimising building performance for real-time occupant preferences and requirements for their building and community. The aim of this research work is to demonstrate the development of this new, interrelated, multi-level DT that can be used as a decision-making tool, helping to determine optimal scenarios simultaneously at consumer, building and community level, while enhancing and successfully supporting the community's management plan implementation.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to analyze the structural model of causal effects of students' variables on science process skills. Student characteristics investigated in the study included attitude related to the science, logical thinking ability, scientific experiences, cognitive style. Covariance structural modeling procedures were used to test causal inferences about hypothesized relationships. The sample consisted of 319 6th grade students and 321 8th grade students in Seoul City, Korea. Five instruments were used in the study, TSPS(test of science process skills), GALT(group assessment of logical thinking), CEFT(children embedded figures test), questionnaire of attitude related to the science, questionnaire of scientific experience. For statistical analysis, the study adopted the structural equation modeling with LlSREL, a computer statistical program developed by J reskog and S rbom. Major findings of the study are as follows:1) Logical thinking ability has a most strong direct effect on science process skills. 2) The structural coefficient of scientific experience influence on attitude related to the science has the greatest direct one than the others in the covariance structural model. According to the results of this study, it is very importance that various scientific experiences, particularly hands-on activity, should be offer to students to improve science process skills. Also, understanding the relationships of student variable to science process skills will be helpful to decision making on the part of curriculum developers, science teachers and researchers.