• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2013

Purpose - The current research examines the effect of life cycle stages on capital structure of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Research design, data, methodology - By aid of 685 year-company data, which collected from financial statements of companies during 2006-2012, first, the companies, are classified into three groups including companies in growth, maturity and decline stages. After removing the companies, which were not in accordance with life cycle model, 86 companies were selected to test two main hypotheses of the research. Results - The results show that the capital structure of the sample companies is different in various life cycle stages. More investigation by LSD test also revealed that the total debt to total assets ratio means of the companies in growth stages were significantly different from those companies in maturity stages and those in growth stages had high level of debt to assets ratio. Conclusions - The result showed the average amount of the working capital for companies in three stages are significantly different and due to high level of operation of the companies in maturity and decline stages, these companies held high amount of working capital than those in the growth stages.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2016

This study examines whether Korean rating agencies such as Korea Investors Service (KIS), National Information & Credit Evaluation (NICE), and Korea Ratings Corporation (KR), incorporate corporate governance into their corporate bond ratings in Korea. We find that the Korean rating agencies assign higher ratings to the bonds issued by Chaebol (Korean business group) affiliated firms. Our results also indicate that those rating agencies give higher ratings to the bonds with greater foreign investor share ownership. Moreover, if the rating agencies value corporate governance, higher rated firms should issue bonds at lower yield to maturity. We discover that Chaebol affiliation is counted favorably by the rating agencies. We find that investors are willing to pay lower risk premium for bonds with higher institutional ownership, but higher risk premium to bonds with greater equity ownership in the form of depository receipts. Therefore, even if the rating agencies and investors in Korea consider corporate governance (Chaebol affiliation and ownership structure) an important determinant in bond ratings and the yields to maturity, they have opposite views on institutional ownership and share ownership in the form of depository receipts.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.181-186
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• 2013

기업재무분야에 있어 최적의 자본구조에 관한 내용은 주된 이슈이자 관심분야로 남아있다. 즉, 최적의 자본조달 형태의 결정은 기업의 현금흐름에 대한 유동성을 확보하고, 나아가 기업의 재무건전성과 자금조달의 토대인 기업가치 극대화에까지 영향을 미치게 된다. 이러한 관점에서 국내외 많은 연구자들은 부채만기의 결정에 관해 실증하고자 하였으나, 개별 산업적 특성이 분명하게 존재함에도 불구하고 이를 충분히 반영하지 못하는 한계점들을 내포하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 선박확보라는 주요 자본조달 의사결정이 요구되고 있는 국적외항선사들을 중심으로 부채만기결정요인에 대해 살펴보고자 하였으며, 연구결과 기업의 규모, 자산의 만기, 유동성, 성장옵션, 기업의 우량성이 해운기업의 부채만기와 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 성장옵션의 경우 부채만기와 부(-)의 관계가 존재하였으며, 세금과 레버리지는 부채의 만기와 관계가 없는 것으로 분석되었다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.441-449
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• 2021

Bankruptcy is indicated by the inability of the company to meet its maturity obligations. The Covid-19 pandemic has had a terrible impact on the economy and businesses. The aim of this study to determine the effect of the ratios of activity, growth, leverage, and profitability in predicting bankruptcy projected by earnings per share (EPS). The sample of this research was non-banking financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2019 and the purposive sampling technique was used. The data analysis method used was the logistic regression method to test the hypotheses. Company growth shows the company's ability to manage sales and generate high company profits, as such, the probability of the company experiencing bankruptcy will be lower. The results of this study showed that the debt to assets ratio (DAR), debt to equity ratio (DER), and return on assets (ROA) can predict bankruptcy. Meanwhile, this research found that the total assets turnover (TATO) ratio, sales growth, and net profit margin (NPM) cannot be used to predict bankruptcy.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.45-63
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• 2006

A number of public loans with lower interests and other tax benefits have been provided for farmers and fishermen. However, much of those loans have been accumulated as non-performing. The result is that a large part of fisheries debts are now on the verge of default, Those loans, that fail to pay interests, keep rapidly growing like a time bomb. Now something has to be done before it burst. Firstly, the government must clean up the debts caused by government's mismanagement in the past. The past debt must be repaid or written off by the government since its guarantee was committed several times in guidelines regarding public loans. As such a measure, the government can greatly enlarge its capital contribution to the Credit Guarantee Fund for Farmers and Fishermen and Loss Guarantee fund for Policy Loan. It would greatly help to compensate local branches of fisheries cooperatives for their loss incurred from carrying public loans. In the past, the government used to roll over old debts of fishermen with new debts whenever maturity came. It ends up growing the size of non - performing loans. For this reason, it is not delay of the debt payment, but its write - off that fishery society needs a lot. Secondly, the loan authorities must lower overall risk in providing public loans for fishermen in the future. The whole process must be thoroughly reviewed and changed to provide and manage government loans. To facilitate this, fisheries cooperative must stop being just a public agent, rather take a bigger responsibility in selecting, and checking loan beneficiaries, and securing debt repayment. Incentives must be arranged properly enough to induce fisheries cooperatives to treat public loans just like their own business. Finally, the so - called 'special account of policy loan in fisheries industry' must be set up to enhance the transparency and to check the performance of public loans programs.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.168-176
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• 2014

The enterprise life cycle derived from the product life cycle consists of introduction, growth, maturity and decline. The enterprise tries to reach the growth stage early and stay at the maturity stage stably through expanding its businesses and investing for the new technology. The public enterprise is not different but its life cycle is more prone to be affected by the national development and policy. A typical example can be found in the case of the quasi market SOC public enterprise which spends massive amount of fund to provide social infrastructure. After the fulfillment of its mandated mission it is exposed to the pressure of a merger or a closure usually because large portion of the debt is directly linked to the national financial stability and credit ratings. This research is focused on the variables that influence the life cycle of the quasi market SOC public Enterprise for its future competitiveness is in connection with its normalization, advancement and rationalization. In this respect, categorical variables system centering on public characteristics and profitability drew eight categorical variables such as policy outcomes, public benefit, finance and business values etc.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.131-149
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• 2014

해운물류기업들의 유동성문제는 지속적으로 제기되어 왔으며, 유동성위기 극복을 위한 자산매각, 구조조정 등 기업들의 자구책뿐만 아니라, 다양한 형태의 정책적 지원방안도 마련되고 있는 상황이다. 하지만, 여전히 유동성위기에 대한 어려움이 산업전반에 걸쳐 내재된 상태이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해운물류기업들의 유동성과 현금보유수준에 대해 살펴보고, 그 결정요인들을 실증해봄으로써 해운물류기업들의 유동성 극복을 위한 재무적 의사결정 정보를 제공해보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2005년 이후 38개 해운물류기업들을 대상으로 연구를 수행하였다. 연구의 수행결과 현금보유규모측면에서는, 일반제조업 대비 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 매출액대비 원가는 지속적으로 상승하였으며, 2009년 이후부터는 판관비를 포함한 매출원가가 매출규모를 상회함으로써 수익성이 급격히 하락하는 것으로 나타났다. 현금보유수준 결정요인분석결과에서는 부채만기, 선박규모, 이자비용, 성장기회 등이 주된 결정요인 것으로 나타났다. 결정요인별 추가분석에서는 결정요인에서 다소 차이를 보여주었다. 부채만기가 높은 집단에서는 성장기회와 현금흐름이, 낮은 집단에서는 기업 및 선박규모가 결정요인으로 분석되었다. 또한 자산대비 선박규모가 클 경우 성장기회, 현금흐름 등이, 낮을 경우 이자비용, 선박규모 등의 유의한 변수로 분석되었다. 이자비용부담이 낮은 집단에서는 성장기회가 추가적으로 유의하게 나타났다.

• 재무관리연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.27-55
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• 2001

본 연구는 기업의 부채만기와 결정요인의 관련성에 대한 이론적 논거를 제시하고 우리나라 상장제조기업을 대상으로 대기업과 중소기업으로 구분하여 기업규모별 부채만기 결정요인을 다중회귀분석으로 실증적으로 규명하고자 하였다. 실증적 분석 대상기간은 1995년부터 2000년까지 6개년으로 분석기간 동안 신용평가 전문기관으로부터 회사채 신용등급을 평가받은 제조기업 204개 기업을 표본으로 선정하여 분석하였다. 연구결과를 종합하면 우리나라 상장제조기업으로 대기업과 중소기업 모두 기업규모가 크고 레버리지가 높고 자산의 만기가 긴 고정자산을 많이 보유하고 있는 기업일수록 부채만기구조에서 장기부채를 많이 이용하고 있는 것으로 입증되었다. 성장옵션과 법인세율은 부채만기결정에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났으며 기업의 우량성과 유동성위험을 나타내는 수익증가율과 채권등급은 대기업의 주요 부채만기 결정요인으로 나타났다. 수익증가율이 크고 채권신용등급이 높은 우량대기업일수록 단기부채를 많이 이용하는 것으로 확인되었으며 중소기업은 기업의 우량성과 신용등급이 부채만기에 유의적인 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.63-77
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of personal characteristics, loan characteristics, and interest rate characteristics of 2,653 borrowers on the delinquency possibility. In doing so, this study applies both multiple regression and logistic regression models to the data of credit unions in the city of Daegu. Design/Methodology/Approach - The major results of multiple regression analysis using SPSS are as follows. Findings - As for the results of testing the significance of the regression coefficients, it has been found that among the personal characteristics variables membership, credit rating, credit rating changes, and LTV have significant positive (+) effects on the delinquency possibility. Also it has been shown that among the loan characteristics variables loan amount, loan balance, total debt amount, collateral type, collateral amount, and repayment method have significant positive (+) effects on the delinquency possibility. Furthermore it has been found that among the interest rate characteristics variables both overdue interest rate and interest rate spread have positive (+) effects on the delinquency possibility. However, it has been shown that among the personal characteristics variables equity and membership do not have significant effects on the delinquency possibility, and that normal interest rate among the interest rate characteristics variables also do not have a significant effect on the delinquency possibility. Research Implications - By systematically analyzing the variables affecting delinquency possibility based on the results of this study, credit unions might get positive help in improving the system of managing receivables. Furthermore, the results of this study could be extended and applied to other types of financial institutions, so that financial institutions in general will also get some help to systematically manage the delinquency possibility.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.429-439
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• 2013

The Korean Veterans' Pension Fund has previously pre-purchased Gibril Tower on Business Complex in Dubai, UAE, via a project-financed construction investment. Although the property is near completion, the investor syndicate's attempt to debt-finance due arrears was foiled in Dubai central bank's credit control of real estaterelated loans. Accordingly, the investment coordinator offered an additional capital injection, a collateralized leverage, and a maturity extension to the syndicate. If the syndicate rejects the offer, they may risk a nearcomplete capital loss and a possible default of the main contractor. Otherwise, the syndicate may still face uncertainties regarding interest receivables, principal re-payment, foreclosure, economic recession in Dubai, and the Islamic bond bill in the Korean Parliament. A possible exercise of the latter option may be due to the agency-prone nature of pension fund managers. Given these qualitative risk factors as at April 1, 2011, a real options approach-implied optimal decision suggests an extended and complete cash augmentation into the project finance deal.