• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.160-160
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• 2016

토석류 재해규모의 예측이나 효과적인 사방 구조물의 검토에 있어 토석류 수치모형은 매우 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 토석류의 유동특성을 파악하고 토석류 피해지역의 정확한 분석을 통해 토석류 유출저감시설(사방댐)의 설치 위치 및 저감효과 등을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 토석류해석시 침식 및 퇴적작용 해석이 가능한 Hyper KANAKO모형을 이용하여 토석류 수치모델링을 수행하였고, 대상지역의 정확한 분석을 위해 지상LiDAR로 실측된 고정밀도 DEM자료를 구축하고 수치모델링을 통해 사방댐의 적정 설치 위치 및 제원에 따른 토석류 저감효과 등을 분석함으로써 토석류 저감 대책 수립 시 기본자료를 제공하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.158-158
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• 2019

Recent studies show the possibility of more frequent extreme events as a result of the changing climate. These weather extremes, such as excessive rainfall, result to debris flow, river overflow and urban flooding, which post a substantial threat to the community. Therefore, an effective flood model is a crucial tool in flood disaster mitigation. In recent years, a number of flood models has been established; however, the major challenge in developing effective and accurate inundation models is the inconvenience of running multiple models for separate conditions. Among the solutions in recent researches is the development of the combined 1D-2D flood modeling. The coupled 1D-2D river flood modeling allows channel flows to be represented in 1D and the overbank flow to be modeled over two-dimension. To test the efficiency of this approach, this research aims to assess the capability of HEC-RAS model's implementation of the combined 1D-2D hydraulic simulation of river overflow inundation, and compare with the results of GERIS and FLUMENS 2D flood model. Results show similar output to the flood models that had used different methods. This proves the applicability of the HEC-RAS 1D-2D coupling method as a powerful tool in simulating accurate inundation for flood events.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.262-267
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• 2008

Recently, landslides frequently occur on natural slope and/or man-made cut slope during periods of intense rainfall. With a rapidly increasing population on or near steep terrain, landslides have become one of the most significant natural hazards. Thus, it is necessary to protect people from landslides and to minimize the damage of houses, roads and other facilities. To accomplish this goal, many landslide monitoring systems have been developed throughout the world. In this paper, a simple landslide detection system that enables people to escape the endangered area is introduced. The system is focused on the debris flows which happen frequently during periods of intense rainfall. The system is based on the wireless sensor network (WSN) that is composed of wireless sensor nodes, gateway, and remote server system. Wireless sensor nodes and gateway are deployed by commercially available Microstrain G-Link products. Five wireless sensor nodes and one gateway are installed at the test slope for detecting ground movement. The acceleration and inclination data of test slope can be obtained, which provides a potential to detect landslide. In addition, thresholds to determine whether the test slope is stable or not are suggested by a series of numerical simulations, using geotechnical analysis software package. It is obtained that the alarm should be issued if the x-direction displacement of sensor node is greater than 20mili-meters and the inclination of sensor node is greater than 3 degrees. It is expected that the landslide detection method using wireless senor network can provide early warning where landslides are prone to occur.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.963-978
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• 2020

Earthquakes can induce a large number of landslides and cause very serious property damage and human casualties. There are two issues in study on earthquake-induced landslides: (1) slope stability analysis under seismic loading and (2) debris flow run-out analysis. This study aims to review technical studies related to the development and application of earthquake-induced landslide models (seismic slope stability analysis). Moreover, a pilot application of a physics-based slope stability model to Mt. Umyeon, in Seoul, with several earthquake scenarios was conducted to test regional scale seismic landslide mapping. The earthquake-induced landslide simulation model can be categorized into 1) Pseudo-static model, 2) Newmark's dynamic displacement model and 3) stress-strain model. The Pseudo-static model is preferred for producing seismic landslide hazard maps because it is impossible to verify the dynamic model-based simulation results due to lack of earthquake-induced landslide inventory in Korea. Earthquake scenario-based simulation results show that given dry conditions, unstable slopes begin to occur in parts of upper areas due to the 50-year earthquake magnitude; most of the study area becomes unstable when the earthquake frequency is 200 years. On the other hand, when the soil is in a wet state due to heavy rainfall, many areas are unstable even if no earthquake occurs, and when rainfall and 50-year earthquakes occur simultaneously, most areas appear unstable, as in simulation results based on 100-year earthquakes in dry condition.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2015

산사태나 토석류와 같은 산지재해가 빈발하고 인명과 재산의 피해가 증가함에 따라 적절한 대책이 시급하게 요구되고 있다. 토석류 매커니즘에 대한 많은 선행 연구가 이루어졌으며, 토석류 수치해석은 설정된 지형이나 수문곡선 등의 조건하에서 토석류의 발생, 이동, 퇴적, 범람범위 등의 거동을 표현하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 토석류 해석에 자주 이용되는 Takahashi model과 Egashira model을 이용하여 침식과 퇴적과정을 모의하였다. Takahashi model에서는 토석류, 소류 상집합유동 등에 따라 유동형태가 달라지는 반면, Egashira model에서는 유동형태의 구분없이 침식이나 퇴적이 일어나지 않는 평형경사를 상정하여 하상구배가 평형구배를 만족시키는 방향으로 침식/퇴적이 발생한다고 평가한다. 이러한 각각의 토석류 모델을 이용하여 여러 가지 하상에서의 침식현상, 퇴적현상을 수치모의하고 각 모델의 해석결과를 비교하였다. 또한 이동상에서의 침식/퇴적거동을 해석하였으며, 실제 지형에 대한 적용가능성을 검토하였다. 이러한 토석류 수치해석 결과를 이용하여 토석류재해의 규모나 범위를 예측할 수 있으며 실제로 발생한 토석류재해의 검증, 사방구조물의 기능평가에도 유용하게 이용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 1차원해석에 머물러 있으나 계류상의 거동을 표현하고 사방구조물의 위치선정을 위해서는 무리가 없으며, 향후 2차원해석을 통해 범람거동을 해석한다면 토석류위험지도 작성에 유효할 것으로 판단되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.336-336
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• 2020

기후변화와 기상이변으로 전 세계적으로 태풍 및 국지성 집중호우가 급증하고 있으며, 그로 인한 홍수피해와 2차 피해 발생이 증가하고 있어 이에 대한 정량적인 분석이 필요하다. 또한 서울 우면산, 춘천 마적산, 삼척 신남마을 등 토석류로 인한 피해가 증가하여 많은 인명피해와 재산피해가 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 특정지역에서 강우량이 유출량에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 강우로 인해 발생하는 2차 피해인 토석류로 인한 피해를 분석하고자 하였다. 2019년 10월 토석류 피해가 있었던 삼척시 신남마을을 분석지역으로 설정하였으며, 분석에 이용된 강우사상은 실제로 피해를 일으켰던 태풍 '미탁' 사상과 기상청이 제공하는 정량적 예측강우(QPF)를 머신러닝의 XGBoost 기법을 적용하여 개발한 정량적 수문 예측 강우(HQPF)를 이용하였다. 강우-유출모형(S-RAT)으로 강우사상에 따른 유출량과 첨두유출량을 산정하였고, 모델 커플링 기법으로 2차원 토석류 수치모형(RAMMS)을 통해 토석류의 피해규모를 비교 분석하였다.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.64-75
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• 2003

This study presents a newly suggested test method of Mode II fracture toughness measurement called "Punch Through Shear Test" which was originally proposed by Backers and Stephansson in 2001. The purpose of this study is to check the validity of the suggested testing method by performing Mode II fracture toughness tests for Daejeon Granite. In addition, the optimal specimen geometry for the testing and the relation between Mode II fracture toughness and confining pressure were also investigated. Fractured surface was observed to be very smooth with lots of rock debris which came off fracture surface which obviously implies that the surface was sheared off. This confirms that Mode II fracturing actually occurred. In addition, numerical analyses including continuum analysis, particle flow code analysis and crack propagation simulations were performed. Results of these numerical analyses indicated that the cracks occurred in the specimen were predominantly in Mode II and these cracks led to failure of the test specimen. From this investigation, it can be concluded that the newly suggested "Punch Through Shear Test" method provides a reliable means of determining the Mode II fracture toughness. fracture toughness.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.93-93
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• 2022

최근 이상기후로 인하여 우리나라 산림에 태풍 및 국지성 호우가 빈번히 발생하고 있다. 이로 인해 사면재해가 많이 발생하고 있으며 그 중 호우로 인한 많은 양의 물과 함께 토석 및 부유물이 중력에 의해 경사면을 따라 흐름 형태를 보이는 토석류 재해는 속도가 매우 빠르고 파괴적이며 그 결과는 비참하기까지 하다. 더구나 인구밀도가 낮은 산지 계곡부 뿐만 아니라 도시지역에서도 토석류 재해가 빈번히 발생하며 국내 및 해외에서도 토석류에 의한 피해사례는 자주 볼 수 있다. 이러한 토석류 재해의 피해를 줄이고자 토석류의 유동성을 저감시키기 위한 대책구조물의 시공이 많이 이루어지고 있으며 최근에는 투과형 구조물 중 하나인 원통형 기둥구조물을 그룹 형태로의 시공하는 경우가 늘어나고 있다. 토석류와 대책구조물 간의 상호작용은 월류(overflow), 쳐오름(run-up), 역류(backwater) 등의 복잡한 흐름 거동을 보인다. 하지만 원통형 대책구조물에 대한연구가 많이 이루어져 있지 않고 대규모 실험 또한 비용이 많이 소요되고 실행하기도 어렵다. 이 연구는 오픈소스 소프트웨어인 OpenFOAM을 사용하여 원통형 대책구조물의 설치 조건에 따라 토석류 흐름에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 짧은 시간 내에 흐름이 발생하고 비뉴튼 유체 특성을 갖는 토석류의 유효전단응력이 난류전단응력에 비해 상당히 크므로 난류의 영향은 무시하였다. 계산된 수치모의의 결과를 같은 규모로 시행한 실험결과와 비교분석 및 검증하였다. 공학학적 문제에 적용 가능하도록 비교적 낮은 해상도의 계산 격자를 사용했지만 실험에서 보여지는 토석류의 흐름거동을 양호하게 재현했으며 원통형 대책구조물의 배치조건에 따라 토석류 선단부 유속의 감소 정도 및 시간에 따른 흐름깊이 변화를 분석할 수 있었다. 이 연구는 다양한 조건을 가지는 토석류 흐름을 해석하는데 유용하게 활용할 수 있으며, 추후 복잡한 실제지형 조건을 고려하는 연구를 통하여 적용성을 확보하고자 한다.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.54-55
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• 2015

Increase of impervious areas due to expansion of housing area, commercial and business building of urban is resulting in property change of stormwater runoff. Also, rapid urbanization and heavy rain due to climate change lead to urban flood and debris flow damage. In 2010 and 2011, Seoul had experienced shocking flooding damages by heavy rain. All these have led to increased interest in applying LID and decentralized rainwater management as a means of urban hydrologic cycle restoration and Natural Disaster Prevention such as flooding and so on. Urban development is a cause of expansion of impervious area. It reduces infiltration of rain water and may increase runoff volume from storms. Low Impact Development (LID) methods is to mimic the predevelopment site hydrology by using site design techniques that store, infiltrate, evaporate, detain runoff, and reduction flooding. Use of these techniques helps to reduce off-site runoff and ensure adequate groundwater recharge. The contents of this paper include a hydrologic analysis on a site and an evaluation of flooding reduction effect of LID practice facilities planned on the site. The region of this Case study is LID Rainwater Management Demonstration District in A-new town and P-new town, Korea. LID Practice facilities were designed on the area of rainwater management demonstration district in new town. We performed analysis of reduction effect about flood discharge. SWMM5 has been developed as a model to analyze the hydrologic impacts of LID facilities. For this study, we used weather data for around 38 years from January 1973 to August 2014 collected from the new town City Observatory near the district. Using the weather data, we performed continuous simulation of urban runoff in order to analyze impacts on the Stream from the development of the district and the installation of LID facilities. This is a new approach to stormwater management system which is different from existing end-of-pipe type management system. We suggest that LID should be discussed as a efficient method of urban disasters and climate change control in future land use, sewer and stormwater management planning.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2023

In this study, the risk of landslides was analyzed for planned development sites in mountainous areas. Field survey was conducted on the research area with the slope and valley site. The criteria for evaluating the risk of landslides in the field survey were based on the risk assessment table of the Korea Forest Service Notice No. 2023-10. The research area has 13 slopes and 11 valleys. As a result of evaluating the risk area, two slopes and two valley were found to be dangerous sites in each. Numerical simulation was performed on the investigated risk areas to predict the spread of damage. The debris flow was simulated to have an affect on roads and buildings located in the lower part of the basin, and it was determined that a disaster prevention facility was nacessary to minimize damage. This information can be used to determine the impact of disasters before carrying out mountain development.