• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.28-38
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• 2019

This study aimed to explore predictors of terminal care stress of nurses. Participants were 197 nurses from a C university hospital in J city. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. On hierarchial multiple regression, dignified dying attitude, turnover intention, well dying attitude, and spirituality explained 39.6% of variance in terminal care stress. The results suggest that dignified dying attitude, well dying attitude, spirituality need to be properly assessed and managed to reduce terminal care stress of nurses.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.489-498
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is a difference in the awareness of death based on happiness (since attitude or way of life differs among the general public, depending on the perception of death), and to investigate whether there is a difference in the interest in hospices between a group with a high happiness index and a group with a low happiness index. A survey was conducted on 200 men and women aged over 20 who participated in a walking event held in a metropolitan city on April 22, 2017. The survey consisted of eight demographic items: gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, family cohabitation, religion, and health status. It included 29 questions regarding happiness and nine questions regarding the perception of death. For the statistical tests, a chi-square test, an independent sample t-test, correlation analysis, and canonical correlation analysis were performed on the items of the survey based on a happiness index. The results of the study showed that, for a suitable place for death, medical institutions was the highest score (46.3%) for the group with a low happiness index, and own house was highest (59.4%) for the group with a high happiness index. This was a significant difference. It is thought that management systems should be supplemented by professional manpower, educating people so as to increase the utilization rates of home-based hospice as a way for patients to die in a comfortable and familiar place because, for Korea, death is much more common in hospitals. It is also necessary to increase the awareness of death and to make effective use of hospices through individual and various other approaches, considering the demographics of the subjects.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.156-165
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify subjective attitudes towards terminal patients in nursing students who had clinical practice. The types of subjective attitude were classified by applying Q methodology. According to those types, basic reference data for the development of educational programs were provided. Methods: Thirty-four final Q samples were selected, and Q classification with a nine-point scale was performed with P samples of 43 nursing students. A key factor analysis was conducted with the collected data using the PC QUANAL program. Results: Nursing students' attitudes towards terminal patients were grouped into three types. The total variable was 49.96%. Students with Type 1 ("wish for life-sustaining medical treatment") thought that terminal patients accurately understood their medical condition and wanted to prolong their lives. Others with Type 2 ("need for service and support") believed that a multidisciplinary nursing system needs to be established to help terminal patients prepare for death. Students with Type 3 ("awareness and acceptance of death") thought that terminal patients wanted to die with dignity at a hospice unit. Conclusion: This study analyzed various types of attitude towards terminal patients, as perceived by nursing students with clinical training experience. Development of educational programs for each attitude type analyzed in this study could contribute to systematic training programs for nursing students caring for terminal patients.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the overall recognition on attitudes of well-dying and evaluation the importance of planning factors of well-dying space in college students. This will serve as a basis to accumulate materials on the recognition of well-dying and well-dying spaces of various generations of South Korea. This study conducted a survey from October 4th to 8th, 2016 with 119 college students from U University and K University. As the contents of the survey, were comprised of general socio-demographic elements, subjective recognition and attitudes toward well-dying, and the importance of the planning factors of the physical, emotional, social and spiritual environments of the well-dying space. The main results are as follows. (1) The interest of university students on death education is high, and there was a preference for 'home' where they could be comfortable and be with loved ones as the space for dying. Also, in case of events of bereaving them after death, formal grieving ceremonies were undesired. The funeral was desired to be simple, serene, and not too sad. (2) In evaluation of the importance of physical, emotional, and spiritual environmental planning factors, physical environmental factors were considered to be the most important overall, and the recognition of importance of the planning factors of spiritual environment was low.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.312-323
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was necessary to increase certainty of nursing ethical value and recognition of organs donation in the nurses. Multiple programs are consistently need to educate nursing ethical value. The subjects were 222 nurses in a hospital. Data collection was carried out for seventeen days from 14th January 2011, using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS program. The mean score of nursing ethical value was $3.22{\pm}0.38$ points. The mean score toward organ donation in brain dead donors was $3.34{\pm}0.48$ points. Nursing ethical values almost never had a correlation(r=.160) toward organ donation in brain dead donors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.275-284
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• 2018

This study was a descriptive study to investigate the effects of nursing students' consciousness of biomedical ethics, good death recognition, and self-esteem on attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. The subjects of this study were 204 nursing students attending university. The data were collected from October 24 to October 31, 2017 and analyzed using the SPSS Win. 22.0 program. Attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment scored $2.97{\pm}0.29$ out of 4, $3.01{\pm}0.31$ for biomedical ethics, $3.24{\pm}0.38$ for good death recognition and $3.23{\pm}0.41$ for self-esteem. There was a significant positive correlation between attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and good death recognition, and there was a significant positive correlation between attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and self-esteem. As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was found that good death perception affected nursing students' attitudes toward the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. In other words, elevated perception of good death was associated with more positives attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. Based on the above results, it is necessary to develop a systematic education program for nursing college students. In addition, this researcher proposes an in-depth study to explore the variables that influence nursing students' attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.193-200
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• 2020

Objectives: Adolescent suicide, a major cause of adolescent death, is affected by various factors, including attitudes toward suicide. This study investigated the association between parenting style and adolescents' attitudes toward suicide and the mediating role of attitude toward suicide between parenting style and suicidal ideation. Methods: We surveyed 1,071 adolescents from eight middle schools in Incheon, Korea. The survey included sociodemographic information, attitudes toward suicide, perception of parenting style, depression severity, and suicidality. Results: Students in the authoritarian parenting group had a more permissive attitude toward suicide compared with the democratic and permissive parenting groups. These students considered that suicide is justified in certain situations and that choosing suicide is an individual's right. They also had a negative attitude toward talking about suicide or intervening in others' suicide. This association remained statistically significant after adjusting for the impact of confounding factors that could affect attitudes toward suicide, except for suicidal processes and preparedness to prevent suicide. In the mediation analysis, we observed that some factors of the attitudes toward suicide mediated between authoritarian parenting attitudes and suicidal ideation, namely, suicide as a right, preventability, suicide as normal/common, preparedness to prevent suicide, and resignation. Conclusion: This study revealed the significant impact of parenting style on children's attitudes toward suicide. Educating parents about the appropriate parenting attitudes-sympathetic and rational-can help prevent youth suicide.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.57-95
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• 1972

This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of service by maternity aids concerning maternal and child health in improving simultaneously infant mortality, contraception and vital registration among expectant mothers in rural Korea, where there is less apportunity for maternal and child health care. It is unrealistic to expect to solve this problem in rural Korea through professional persons considering the situation of medical facilities and the socioeconomic condition of residents. So, we intended to adopt a system of services by maternity aids who were educated formally among indigenous women. After the women were trained in maternal and child health, contraception, and registration for a short period, they were assigned as a maternity aids to each village to help with various activities concerning maternal and child health, for example, registration of pregnant women, home visiting to check for complications, supplying of delivery kits, attendance at delivery, persuasion of contraception, and invitation for registration and so on. Mean-while, four researchers called on the maternity aids to collect materials concerning vital events, maternal child health, contraception and registration, and to give further instruction and supervision as the program proceeded. A. Changes of women's attitude by services of maternity aid. Now, we examined to what extent' such a service system to expectant mothers affected a change in attitude of women residing in the study area as compared to women of the control area. 1) In the birth and death places, there were no changes between last and present infants, in study or control area. 2) In regard to attendants at delivery, there were no changes except for a small percentage of attendance (8%) by maternity aid in study area. But, I expect that more maternity sids could be used as attendants at delivery if they would be trained further and if there was more explanation to the residents about such a service. 3) Considering the rate of utilization of sterilized delivery kit, I am sure that more than 90 percent would be used if the delivery kit were supplied in the proper time. There were significant differences in rates between the study and the control areas. 4) Taking into consideration the utilization rate of the clinic for prenatal care and well baby care, if suck facilities were installed, it would probably be well utilized. 5) In the contraception, the rate of approval was as high as 89 percent in study area as compared to 82 percent in the control area. 6) Considering the rate of pre-and post-partum acceptance on contraception were as much as 70 percent or more, if motivation to use contraception was given to them adequately, the government could reach the goals for family planning as planned. 7) In the vital registration, the rate of birth registration in the study area was some what improved compared to that of the control area, while the rate of death registration was not changed at all. Taking into account the fact that the rate of confirmation of vital events by maternity aids was remarkably high, if the registration system changed to a 'notification' system instead of formal registration ststem, it would be improved significantly compared to present system. B. Effect of the project Thus, with changes in the residents' attitude, was there a reduction in the infant death rate? 1) It is very difficult problem to compare the mortality of infants between last and present infants, because many women don't want to answer accurately about their dead children especially the infants that died within a few days after birth. In this study the data of present death comes from the maternity aides who followed up every pregnancy they had recorded to see what had happened. They seem to have very reliable information on what happened in first few weeks with follow up visitits to check out later changes. From these calculaton, when we compared the rate of infant death between last and present infant, there was remarkable reduction of death rate for present infant compare to that of last children, namely, the former was 30, while the latter 42. The figure is the lowest rate that I have ever heard. As the quality of data we could assess by comparing the causes of death. In the current death rate by communicable disease was much lower compare to the last child especially, tetanus cases and pneumonia. 2) Next, how many respondents used contraception after birth because of frequent contact with the maternity aid. In the registered cases, the respondents showed a tendency to practice contraception at an earlier age and with a small number of children. In a comparison of the rate of contraception between the study and the control area, the rate in the former was significantly higher than that of the latter. What is more, the proportion favoring smaller numbers of children and younger women rose in the study area as compared to the control area. 3) Regarding vital registration, though the rate of registration was gradually improved by efforts of maternity aid, it would be better to change the registration system. 4) In the crude birth rate, the rate in the study area was 22.2 while in the control area was 26.5. Natural increase rate showed 15.4 in the study area, while control area was 19.1. 5) In assessment of the efficiency of the maternity aids judging by the cost-effect viewpoint, the workers in the Medium area seemed to be more efficiency than those of other areas.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.518-526
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• 2022

The extension of life expectancy due to modernization means an extension of the benefit time for elderly care and disease. However, compared to the increase in the elderly, the attitude of children toward parental responsibility is gradually weakening. These social phenomena bring alienation, hopelessness, and stress to life in old age, and the resulting sense of helplessness leads to suicidal thoughts or intentional death (suicide), becoming a social problem. The intentional death (suicide) of the elderly is a social phenomenon that often occurs around them, and the reality can be seen through the movie. In this study, the main character 'Soyoung' in the movie 'The Woman Who Kills' and the surrounding characters 'Song Old Man', 'Jongsu', and 'Jaewoo' in conversations with the elderly problem and death factors were analyzed in the Matrix. ), and then applied to the 'flow chart of problems in the elderly due to modernization' compiled by Byeong-Woo Lim (2019), to explore the factors of intentional death (suicide). As a result of the analysis, the four elderly were exposed to problems of the elderly such as disease, alienation and loneliness, poverty, and loss. (Suicide) was analyzed.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.337-340
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• 2006

Dwelling refers to a way of being that has to do with a cautious and guarded attitude. What has to be nurtured and preserved is the dweller's relationship with the fourfold of heaven and earth, divinities and mortals. This leads to the fourfold definition that mortals dwell insofar as they save the earth, receive heaven as heaven, await the divinities as divinities, and are capable of death as death. Heidegger sees the thing as the concrescence of what he calls the fourfold of earth, sky, mortals, and divinities. For Heidegger, true being means to be open to the fourfold, to tend the fourfold in its essence. C. Norberg-Schulz takes as his starting point Heidegger's notion of the thing as that in which the fourfold is assembled. The built space must be organized in a way that concrete places are created, places that are characterized by a specific genius loci. This idea refers to life in the warm seclusion of a traditional community, but is much less applicable to the functional networks and relationships that determine life in a modem society. Cacciari thinks that what is worth questioning is in particular the condition of homelessness perceived by Heidegger, and the possible consequences of this situation for architecture. The aim of this paper is to study the meaning of dwelling through Heidegger's concept of dwelling and the interpretations of C. Norberg-Schulz and M. Cacciari about it.