• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.115-118
• /
• 2006

In February of 2000-2001, the gray mold disease occurred on nephrolepis (Nephrolepis sp.) grown in a flower nursery farm in Suwen, Korea. Typical symptoms were water-soaked brown or blackish lesions on terminal leaf blades. Severely infected leaves were entirely blighted with grayish fungal mycelia formed on the surface. Conidia of the fungus in mass were hyaline or gray, 1-celled, mostly ellipsoid or ovoid and $13.5{\sim}16.9{\times}6.8{\sim}9.2{\mu}m$ in size. Conidiophores were formed on PDA with $8.7{\sim}11.1{\mu}m$ in width. The sclerotia were readily formed within 2 or 3 days on PDA. In addition, the Biolog database gave the causal fungus a high similarity to Botrytis cinerea (78%) with a match probability of 100%. Pathogenicity of the causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulate. The causal organism was identified as Eotrytis cinerea based on its mycological characteristics and utilization of carbon sources with Biolog system as supporting data. This is the first report of gray mold of nephrolepis caused by Botrytis cinerea in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.163-173
• /
• 2005

Purpose: Abutted scatter energy windows used for a triple energy window (TEW) method may provide wrong estimation of scatter. This study is to propose an extended TEW (ETEW) method, which doesn't require abutted scatter energy windows and overcomes the shortcomings of TEW method. Materials & Methods: The ETEW is a modification of the TEW which corrects for scatter by using abutted scatter rejection windows, which can overestimate or underestimate scatter. The ETEW is compared to the TEW using Monte Carlo simulated data for point sources as well as hot and cold spheres in a cylindrical water phantom. Various main energy window widths (10 %, 15 % and 20 %) were simulated. Both TEW and ETEW improved image contrast, % recovery coefficients and normalized standard deviation. Results: Both of TEW and ETEW improved image contrast and % recovery coefficients. Estimated scatter components by the TEW were not proportional to the true scatter components over the main energy windows when ones of 10 %, 15 %, and 20 % were simulated. The ETEW linearly estimated scatter components over the width of the main energy windows. Conclusion: We extended the TEW method into the method which could linearly estimate scatter components over the main energy windows.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.718-725
• /
• 2017

A liquid storage tank is one of the most important structures in industrial complexes dealing with chemicals, and its structural damage due to an earthquake may cause a disastrous event such as the leakage of hazardous materials, fire, and explosion. It is thus essential to assess the seismic fragility of liquid storage tanks and prepare for seismic events in advance. When a liquid storage tank is oscillated by a seismic load, the hydrodynamic pressure caused by the liquid-structure interaction increases the stress and causes structural damage to the tank. Meanwhile, the seismic fragility of the structure can be estimated by considering the various sources of uncertainty and calculating the failure probabilities in a given limiting state. To accurately evaluate the seismic fragility of liquid storage tanks, a sophisticated finite element analysis is required during their reliability analysis. Therefore, in this study, FERUM-ABAQUS, a recently-developed computational platform integrated with commercial finite element and reliability analysis software packages, is introduced to perform the finite element reliability analysis and calculate the failure probability of a liquid storage tank subjected to a seismic load. FERUM-ABAUS allows for automatic data exchange between these two software packages and for the efficient seismic fragility assessment of a structure. Using this computational platform, the seismic fragility curve of a liquid storage tank is successfully obtained.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.76-90
• /
• 2006

Sensor network consists of a large number of sensor nodes that are densely deployed either inside the phenomenon or very close to it. The life time of each node in the sensor network significantly affects the life time of whole sensor network. A node which drained out its battery may incur the partition of whole network in some network topology The life time of each node depends on the battery capacity of each node. Therefore if all sensor nodes in the network live evenly long, the life time of the network will be longer. In this paper, we propose Cluster-Based Power-Efficient Routing (CBPER) Protocol which provides scalable and efficient data delivery to multiple mobile sinks. Previous r(luting protocols, such as Directed Diffusion and TTDD, need to flood many control packets to support multiple mobile sinks and many sources, causing nodes to consume their battery. In CBPER, we use the fact that sensor nodes are stationary and location-aware to construct and maintain the permanent grid structure, which makes nodes live longer by reducing the number of the flooding control packets. We have evaluated CBPER performance with TTDD. Our results show that CBPER is more power-efficient routing protocol than TTDD.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.39-42
• /
• 2009

Soybean is an important sources of plant proteins for human and animal nutrition. The use of soybean proteins has been expanded in the food industry due to their excellent nutritional benefits. But, Soybeans contain allergenic proteins that cause allergies to sensitive individuals. ${\beta}$-conglycinin(7S globulin) and glycinin(11S globulin) are the major components of storage protein in soybean. ${\beta}$-conglycinin consists of three subunits, ${\alpha}^{\prime}$, ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ and exhibits poorer nutritional and food processing properties than glycinin. There is a great deal of interest in the development of soybean lines with reduced amounts of ${\beta}$-conglycinin. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein in 7S globulin. F2 population was developed from the cross of "Jinpumkong2ho"(${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit presence) and PI506876(${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit absence) parent. Total 98 of F2 seeds were obtained and analyzed for the segregation of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein by SDS-PAGE. Among 98 F2 seeds, 70 F2 seeds showed ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein and 28 F2 seeds did not show ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein. The segregation ratios of 3 : 1 for presence and absence of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein were observed(${\chi}^2=0.667$, P=0.414). These data indicate that presence and absence of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein is controlled by a single major gene and might be useful for strain selection of 7S protein reduced soybean.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.561-570
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to develop an Android smartphone app providing analysis capabilities of remote sensing images, by using mobile browsing open sources of gvSIG, open source remote sensing software of OTB and open source DBMS of PostgreSQL. In this app, five kinds of remote sensing algorithms for filtering, segmentation, or classification are implemented, and the processed results are also stored and managed in image database to retrieve. Smartphone users can easily use their functions through graphical user interfaces of app which are internally linked to application server for image analysis processing and external DBMS. As well, a practical tiling method for smartphone environments is implemented to reduce delay time between user's requests and its processing server responses. Till now, most apps for remotely sensed image data sets are mainly concerned to image visualization, distinguished from this approach providing analysis capabilities. As the smartphone apps with remote sensing analysis functions for general users and experts are widely utilizing, remote sensing images are regarded as information resources being capable of producing actual mobile contents, not potential resources. It is expected that this study could trigger off the technological progresses and other unique attempts to develop the variety of smartphone apps for remote sensing images.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.67-108
• /
• 2017

How well citizens are represented by their representatives holds critical importance in representative democracy. While previous studies of ideological congruence have largely focused on Western established democracies, there was not as much attention paid to young democracies including, South Korea. This article investigates ideological congruence in South Korea based on multiple survey data sources collected from 2002 to 2016. When it comes to unidimensional Left-Right ideology, the distance between citizens and governments, unlike its citizen-assembly counterpart, has widened since 2000 sending a negative signal to the norm of representative democracy. As to multidimensional issue positions, however, it turns out that ideological congruence in South Korea has varied along issues such as aids to North Korea and Welfare spending. These results provide both citizens and parties with some important implications. For citizens, they are required to distinguish which party or candidate is more representative of the issue they value the most beyond a simple Left-Right line; for parties, they are required to deal with how to represent their supporters as well as today's increasing independents by strengthening their organizational capacity and providing effective party programs.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.57 no.6
• /
• pp.781-789
• /
• 2019

There are frequent accidents by chemicals during laboratory experiments and pilot plant and reactor operations. It is necessary to find and comprehend relevant information to prevent accidents before starting synthesis experiments. In the process design stage, reaction information is also necessary to prevent runaway reactions. Although there are various sources available for synthesis information, including the Internet, it takes long time to search and is difficult to choose the right path because the substances used in each synthesis method are different. In order to solve these problems, we propose an intelligent synthetic path search system to help researchers shorten the search time for synthetic paths and identify hazardous intermediates that may exist on paths. The system proposed in this study automatically updates the database by collecting information existing on the Internet through Web scraping and crawling using Selenium, a Python package. Based on the depth-first search, the path search performs searches based on the target substance, distinguishes hazardous chemical grades and yields, etc., and suggests all synthetic paths within a defined limit of path steps. For the benefit of each research institution, researchers can register their private data and expand the database according to the format type. The system is being released as open source for free use. The system is expected to find a safer way and help prevent accidents by supporting researchers referring to the suggested paths.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.13-29
• /
• 1986

This study was carried out to calculate working life expectancy and its potential gains according to the degree of reduction in the specific causes of death. It sought to ascertain what potential gains in labor force longevity might be reasonably achieved through efforts to reduce mortality from injuries and poisoning, diseases of circulatory system, neoplasms and the other causes of death. The data were drawn from the three sources such as "The 1982 Causes of Death Statistics," "Abridged Life Table for Korea 1978~'79" and "The 1982 annual Report of Economically Active Population" issued by Economic Planning Board. Analytical tools used in this study were the cause-deleted life table and the Wolfbein Wool's working life table method. Partial life expectancy was adopted as an index of this study, This application will be widely used as a good demographic tool for analyzing the dynamics of labor force and causes of death. Some of the findings are summerized as follows. 1. Partial life expectancies from initial age 15, 25, and 45 respectively to terminal age 65 are 44.86, 35.59 and 17.41 year in life expectancy itself, 37.08, 32.83 and 15.21 year in working life expectancy, 7.78, 2.76 and 2.20 years in inactive life years. 2. Potential gains in working expectancy from initial age 15, 25 and 45 to terminal age 65 by the complete elimination of the specific causes of death are 1.36, 0.94 and 0.27 years in injuries and poisoning, 0.88, 0.83 and 0.54 years in diseases of circulatory system, 0.56, 0.54 and 0.37 years in neoplasms, 1.13, 1.02 and 0.58 years in the other causes of death. The relationship between degree of reduction in causes of death and potential gains in working life years is in direct proportion. The prime orders of reduction effectiveness in age groups by the causes of death are injuries and poisoning in age 15-24, the other causes of death in age 25-49 and diseases of circulatory system in age 50 and over. 3. If it were possible to reduce 25%, 50% and 75% in mortality condition 1978~'79, the average length of working life would be 38.08, 39.13 and 40.17 years in age 15, and 33.68, 34.57 and 35.44 years in age 25, and 15.67, 16.14 and 16.63 years in age 45.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.846-855
• /
• 2021

Eco-friendly and renewable energy sources are actively being researched in recent times, and of shore wind power generation requires advanced design technologies in terms of increasing the capacities of wind turbines and enlarging wind turbine installation vessels (WTIVs). The WTIV ensures that the hull is situated at a height that is not affected by waves. The most important part of the WTIV is the leg structure, which must respond dynamically according to the wave, current, and wind loads. In particular, the wave load is composed of irregular waves, and it is important to know the exact dynamic response. The dynamic response analysis uses a single degree of freedom (SDOF) method, which is a simplified approach, but it is limited owing to the consideration of random waves. Therefore, in industrial practice, the time-domain analysis of random waves is based on the multi degree of freedom (MDOF) method. Although the MDOF method provides high-precision results, its data convergence is sensitive and difficult to apply owing to design complexity. Therefore, a dynamic amplification factor (DAF) estimation formula is developed in this study to express the dynamic response characteristics of random waves through time-domain analysis based on different variables. It is confirmed that the calculation time can be shortened and accuracy enhanced compared to existing MDOF methods. The developed formula will be used in the initial design of WTIVs and similar structures.