• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1172-1178
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• 2018

Objective: To analyze and compare the age of data in contemporary research articles published in representative general radiology journals. Materials and Methods: We searched for articles reporting original research studies analyzing patient data that were published in the print issues of the Korean Journal of Radiology (KJR), European Radiology (ER), and Radiology in 2017. Eligible articles were reviewed to extract data collection period (time from first patient recruitment to last patient follow-up) and age of data (time between data collection end and publication). The journals were compared in terms of the proportion of articles reporting the data collection period to the level of calendar month and regarding the age of data. Results: There were 50, 492, and 254 eligible articles in KJR, ER, and Radiology, respectively. Of these, 44 (88%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 75.8-94.8%), 359 (73%; 95% CI: 68.9-76.7%), and 211 (83.1%; 95% CI: 78-87.2%) articles, respectively, provided enough details of data collection period, revealing a significant difference between ER and Radiology (p = 0.002). The age of data was significantly greater in KJR (median age: 826 days; range: 299-2843 days) than in ER (median age: 570 days; range: 56-4742 days; p < 0.001) and Radiology (median age: 618; range: 75-4271 days; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Korean Journal of Radiology did not fall behind ER or Radiology in reporting of data collection period, but showed a significantly greater age of data than ER and Radiology, suggesting that KJR should take measures to improve the timeliness of its data.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.117-147
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• 2001

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze sex and age composition of the 1994 North Korean census data. First this paper describes the background information concerning the first population census ever taken in North Korea since the separation of the North and South. It utilizes the available data to explain the trend and current population status of North Korea. The focus of this research is to point out and analyze the problems in the sex and age composition of the North Korean census data. One of the most striking characteristics of the census data is that an enormous portion of the young male population was excluded from the census counts. Such omissions are strongly suggested by a incredible drop in sex ratios for the age groups of 16 to 25. In addition, the total sum of the population by age groups turns out to be substantially smaller than the total sum of the population by geographical regions. The total discrepancy amounts to 691 thousand. Along with sex ratios and age ratios, Myers indices, UN age-sex accuracy indices, indices of relative difference, and indices of dissimilarity are calculated to analyze the characteristics and accuracy of sex and age composition in the North Korean census data. Finally, this paper readjusts the sex and age composition of the 1994 census data, and attempts to produce a more accurate population of North Korea.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.74-80
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• 2001

The estimation of recurrence interval for fault activity and earthquake is an important input parameter for seismic hazard assessment. In this study, the methods of recurrences interval estimation were reviewed and tentative calculation was performed for age dating data which have uncertainty. Age dating data come from previous studies of Ulsan fault system which is a well developed lineament in the southeastern part of korean Peninsula. Age dating for fault gouges, parent rocks, Quaternary sediments and veins were carried out by several researchers through various methods. Recurrence interval for fault activity was estimated on the basis of the age dating data of minor fault gouge and sediments during past 3Ma. The estimated recurrence interval was about 430-500 ka. Exact estimation of recurrence interval for fault activity need to compile more geological data and fault characteristics such as fault length, amount of displacement, slip rate and accurate fault movement age. In the future, the methods and results of fault recurrence interval estimation should be considered for establishing the criteria for domestic active fault definition.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

This study investigated the anthropometric characteristics of US women 26 to 45 years of age to classify their body shapes into different categories. Research data was obtained from 2950 women 26 to 45 years of age who participated in the SizeUSA study. A 26 to 35 years of age group and a 36 to 45 years of age group were selected from the data pool. A total of 26 measurements important for body shape classification and for apparel product development was used for the data analysis. Five factors accounted for the US women's body measurements. The body shapes of women were categorized into 4 types: Obese A-Shape, Overweight Y-Shape, Obese H-Shape, and Normal S-Shape. Normal S-Shape was the most common body shape type. More women in the 26 to 35 years of age group had Normal S-Shape type than women in the 36 to 45 years of age group. More women in the 36 to 45 years of age group had Obese A-Shape, Overweight Y-Shape, and Obese H-Shape than women in the 26 to 35 years of age group. Younger US women, 26 to 35 years of age had slimmer body sizes with more balanced body shapes; however, older US women, 36 to 45 years of age had larger body sizes with more various body shapes.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.83-90
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• 2015

Purpose - This research aims to understand the different behaviors of consumers according to cognitive age. Specifically, this research is focused on pro-social behavior. Pro-social behavior is defined as behavior benefiting others, rather than behavior benefiting one's self. It often entails individual risk or cost, such as when giving resources to others, waiting in line, asking for or paying a fair price, or risking one's life in battle. Therefore, we sought to understand consumer psychology and cognitive age as a reflection of inner psychology. People frequently perceive themselves as younger or older than their chronological ages. This self-perceived or cognitive age is a subjective age perception independent of actual chronological age. The discrepancy degree between chronological and cognitive age represents how much individuals perceive themselves as younger than they are. This study examines the gap in donation intention based on cognitive age. In order to investigate cognitive age, composed of four sub-categories (feel-age, look-age, do-age, and interest-age), this study explores the differential donation intention based on cognitive age, which determines the relationship between the young age and old age. Research design, data, and methodology - Data research was conducted by gathering 216 survey samples, excluding those with unreliable answers. Data coding and cleaning were used and SPSS 19.0 software for the data analysis. The respondents were categorized into two types, younger cognitive ages and older cognitive ages. Additionally, we analyzed the moderating variables. In particular, we used cognitive age degree and congruency level (cognitive age low vs. cognitive age high) × (congruency close vs. congruency distant) between - subjects design. First, regression was done to verify the difference between chronological age and cognitive age. Second, a t-test was done to verify the difference of cognitive age level in donations. Third, ANOVA (analysis of variance) was done to verify the difference between cognitive age and congruency in donations. Last, ANOVA was done to verify the difference between cognitive age and moral judgments in donations. Result - The results show most respondents perceive themselves as younger than their chronological ages. In particular, older respondents feel they are younger than their actual age. Moreover, the result of the comparison between low degree and high degree groups of cognitive age, show high donations at the higher degree of cognitive age groups. In addition, the closer the distance to the beneficiaries, the higher the donation in high degree cognitive age groups. The higher moral judgment groups also show relatively high contributions in lower degree cognitive age groups. Conclusions - Donations belong to the category of pro-social behavior reflecting an individual's psychological state. Therefore, it is important in understanding cognitive age. This study implies that it is necessary to take into account both cognitive age and chronological age when segmenting donors. Moreover, this study confirmed that there are different factors affecting the motives behind donations. Thus, it may be utilized to create differential donation strategies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.22
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• pp.9731-9737
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• 2014

Large scale secular registry or surveillance systems have been accumulating vast data that allow mathematical modeling of cancer incidence and mortality rates. Most contemporary models in this regard use time series and APC (age-period-cohort) methods and focus primarily on predicting or analyzing cancer epidemiology with little attention being paid to implications for designing cancer registry, surveillance or evaluation initiatives. This research models age-specific cancer incidence rates using logistic growth equations and explores their performance under different scenarios of data completeness in the hope of deriving clues for reshaping relevant data collection. The study used China Cancer Registry Report 2012 as the data source. It employed 3-parameter logistic growth equations and modeled the age-specific incidence rates of all and the top 10 cancers presented in the registry report. The study performed 3 types of modeling, namely full age-span by fitting, multiple 5-year-segment fitting and single-segment fitting. Measurement of model performance adopted adjusted goodness of fit that combines sum of squred residuals and relative errors. Both model simulation and performance evalation utilized self-developed algorithms programed using C# languade and MS Visual Studio 2008. For models built upon full age-span data, predicted age-specific cancer incidence rates fitted very well with observed values for most (except cervical and breast) cancers with estimated goodness of fit (Rs) being over 0.96. When a given cancer is concerned, the R valuae of the logistic growth model derived using observed data from urban residents was greater than or at least equal to that of the same model built on data from rural people. For models based on multiple-5-year-segment data, the Rs remained fairly high (over 0.89) until 3-fourths of the data segments were excluded. For models using a fixed length single-segment of observed data, the older the age covered by the corresponding data segment, the higher the resulting Rs. Logistic growth models describe age-specific incidence rates perfectly for most cancers and may be used to inform data collection for purposes of monitoring and analyzing cancer epidemic. Helped by appropriate logistic growth equations, the work vomume of contemporary data collection, e.g., cancer registry and surveilance systems, may be reduced substantially.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2013

PURPOSES : This study deals with the traffic accidents of rotary in Korea. The objective of this study is to develop the accident models by age group based on the various data of rotaries. METHODS : In pursuing the above, this study gives particular attentions to classifying the accident data of 17 rotaries by age, collecting the data of geometric structure, traffic volume and others, and developing the models using SPSS 17.0 and EXCEL. RESULTS : First, 3 multiple linear regression models which were all statistically significant were developed. The value of model of under 30-49 age group were, however, evaluated to be 0.688 and be less than those of other models. Second, the most powerful variables were analyzed to be traffic volume in the model of under 30 age group, circulatory roadway width in the model of 30-49 age group, and the number of approach lane in the model of above 50 age group. Finally, the test results of accident models using RMSE were all evaluated to be fitted to the given data. CONCLUSIONS : This study propose install streetlights, speed humps and widen Circulatory as effective improvements for reduction of accident in rotary.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1531-1538
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• 2014

The causes of cancer are diverse, complex, and only partially understood. Many factors including health behaviors, socioeconomic environments and geographical locations can directly damage genes or combine with existing genetic faults within cells to cause cancerous mutations. Collecting the cancer data and reporting the statistics, therefore, are important to help identify health trends and establish normal health changes in geographical areas. In this article, we analyzed cancer data and demon-strated how spatial patterns of the age-standardized rate and health indicators can be examined visually and simultaneously using linked micromap plots. As a result of data analysis, the age-standardized rate has positive correlativity with thyroid and breast cancer, but the rate has negative correlativity with smoking and drinking. In addition, the regions with high age-standardized rate are located in southwest and the areas of high population density while the standardized mortality ratio is higher in southwest and northeast where there are lots of rural areas.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.590-609
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• 2010

The purpose of the study is to propose and evaluate Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA) methods for examining age-specific population migration characteristics. First, population migration pyramid which is a pyramid-shaped graph designed with in-migration, out-migration, and net migration by age (or age group), was developed as a tool exploring age-specific migration propensities and structures. Second, various spatial statistics techniques based on local indicators of spatial association(LISA) such as Local Moran''s $I_i$, Getis-Ord ${G_i}^*$, and AMOEBA were suggested as ways to detect spatial dusters of age-specific net migration rate. These ESDA techniques were applied to age-specific population migration of Daegu Metropolitan City. Application results demonstrated that suggested ESDA methods can effectively detect new information and patterns such as contribution of age-specific migration propensities to population changes in a given region, relationship among different age groups, hot and cold spot of age-specific net migration rate, and similarity between age-specific spatial clusters.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1145-1153
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• 2009

The problem of Korean registered population is that population classified by age increases as one grows older until 6 age or 7 age. This paper is to suggest an algorithm of the re-projection under 7 age on Korean registered population and to analysis of comparison with the reported population statistical data. As the result, the reprojections population is trusted in the number of 0 age on the comparison of other reported population statistical data.