• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.146
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• pp.219-243
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• 2018

In both the East and the West, the most classical question in classical philosophy was, "What is truly a human virtue and a good man?" A good man realized a human virtue. A good man was composed of mind and body. The question is harmony of mind and body. This article aims to articulate the terms related on Mind and Body in Confucian analects. We analyzed the terms related to Mind (mind, mind-heart, human nature, feeling, will etc) and we analyzed the terms related to Body (body, self, ki etc). Confucius's Theory of Mind and Body Relation focus on self-cultivation and revelation of universal virtue. Chu-his(1130-1200)'s commentary of the terms related on Mind and Body in Confucian analects is based on Heaven's principle vs. man's desire. He advanced the theory of the human mind and moral mind on the bases of Li-Ki. Dasan(1762-1836) deconstructs the mind-law of 16 characters and the theory of Li-KI. He argues that the human mind and moral mind coexist as a servant and a master. Dasan insists that the human mind is controlled by the moral mind but he wants to reconstruct the new theory of mind-body, mind-heart.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.63
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• pp.115-140
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• 2016

This Articles intend to articulate The Tao(道) and Te(德) in Confucian analects("論語") Tao & Te is key concepts in Confucian analects. Tao is the Way of human life. Te is the incarnation of the Way. Jen(仁) is the universal Virtue of Human beings. Therefore, Confucius said, "If Human beingsa bo the Virtue proper to Humanity, what has to do with the Rites of propriety and Music?". Confucian's Human relationship is altruism(恕). Chu-Hsi and Dasan uphold and reestablished Tao & Te and Jen as maim concept of Confucius Analects. Jen is a practical methodology of Tao and Te. Confucius said, 'Let the will be seat on the path of duty.' 'Let every attainment in what is good be firmly grasped.' 'Let perfect Virtue be accord with. Tao(道), Te(德) and Jen(仁) is Trinity in Confucian Analects. Dasan redefined Tao and Te as his Commentary of Confucian analects("論語古今註"). Dasan interpreted that Te is achieved only by Human beings's behavior. But Chu-Hsi' Te is substance of Mind(心之體). He interpreted Te as an innate idea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1996.03a
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• pp.25-36
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• 1996

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.429-438
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• 2018

Objective: Although the efficacy of Rubus coreanus (RC) byproducts as a feed additive has been recognized, its effects on intestinal microorganisms and the immune system are still unknown. Methods: Six-week-old male rats were treated with 0.5% RC (T1), 1.0% RC (T2), and 1.5% RC (T3) for 4 weeks. Results: We found that treatment with RC byproducts significantly increased the daily gain of body weight and feed intake. Treg-cell differentiation was enhanced in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen from the rats fed with RC byproducts. Illumina sequencing showed that bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes decreased and while those in the phylum Bacteroidetes increased in RC-treated groups. Particularly, the pathogenic microorganisms in the family Peptococcaceae decreased, and the non-pathogenic families Lachnospiraceae and S24-7 increased. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the RC byproducts increased the lactic acid bacteria Bifidobacterium spp., Oscillospira spp., Leuconostoc citreum, and Weissella cibaria in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: RC byproducts may be effective in immunomodulation by affecting intestinal microorganisms.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.107-117
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• 2006

Freshwater algal studies in North polar environments are relatively few. This study presented the algal-flora, -biomass and genetic features of dominant cells collected from temporary ponds around the Polar Research Station (PRS), Norway. Water samples were collected from 4 stations around PRS, and analyzed for their environmental and biological variables. Water temperature, salinity and conductivity ranged from 5 to $10^{\circ}C$, 0.1 to $0.3%_{\circ}$ and 0.21 to $0.36{\mu}S/cm$, respectively. Chlorophyll a concentration ranged from 1.8 to $11.1{\mu}g/l$, and that of the size-fractionated cells was recorded from 0.7 to $1.1{\mu}g/l$ in picoplankton 0.3 to $6.5{\mu}g/l$ in nanoplankton, and 0.4 to $3.9{\mu}g/l$ in microplankton respectively. Algal flora in the present study was recorded as 10 genera, in which Chlamydomonas, particularly, was dominant in all studied sites. By comparison of Chlamydomonas 18S rDNA sequences, including two isolates from PRS, they formed a distinct clade against others: sequence similarity was significantly low (<97.2%) with C. noctigama, being the highest score by BLAST search in GenBank. This study was valuable for basic knowledge regarding the freshwater algae around PRS and their genetic information.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

Gravity characteristics are investigated in the vicinity of the DASAN scientific station, located at the Svalbard Archipelago, the Arctic using ArcGP data. Boundary effects of free-air gravity anomalies, which appeared generally at the continental margin, are erased after Bouguer correction was applied. Complete Bouguer anomalies produced after terrain correction by GrOPO30 show that gravity anomalies increase from continent to marine. This phenomena seem to be related to the rise of Moho discontinuity. The cut-off frequency of 0.16 was decided after power spectrum analysis and the gravity anomalies were divided into two parts. Residual anomalies in high frequency part show that characteristics of high values along the faults and of low values related to thick sediments in the continent. Characteristic is low values from basement subsidence of continental slope or thick sediments in the marine. The undulation of Moho discontinuity from 3-D inversion modeling show typical characteristics of continental margin that become higher from Svalbard archipelago to Knipovich ridge bordering Eurasian plate.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2004

We isolated and identified culturable Arctic bacteria that had inhabited soils around the Korean Arctic Research Station Dasan located at Ny-Alsund, Svalbard, Norway $(79^{\circ}N,\;12^{\circ}E)$. The collected soils were diluted in distilled water; the diluted soil-water was spread on 3M petri-films at Dasan Station. The petri-films were transported to the laboratory at KORDI, and cultured at $4^{\circ}C$. Colonies grown on the petri-films were subsequently cultured on nutrient agar plates at $4^{\circ}C$ every 7 days. The pure colonies were inoculated into nutrient liquid media, genomic DNA was extracted, and phylogenetic analysis was performed on the basis of 165 rDNA sequences. A total of 227 strains of bacteria were isolated. Among them, 16S rDNA sequences of 185 strains were identical with those of known strains isolated in this study, and 42 strains were finally identified. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA indicated that the 30 strains belonged to Pseudomonas, 7 strains to Arthrobacter, two strains to Flavobacterium, and the remaining to Achromobacter, Pedobacter, and Psychrobacter. Among the 42 strains, 14 bacteria produced protease: they were 6 strains of Pseudomonax, 4 strains of Arthrobater, an Achromobacter strain, 2 strains of Flavobacterium, and a Pedohacter strain. We expect these Arctic bacteria can be used for screening to develop new industrial enzymes that are active at low temperatures.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.255-260
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• 2005

A Gravity characteristic of Svalbard archipelago in Arctic was studied by using ArcGP data. There are situated the Dasan science station. After bouguer correction, an edge effect of free-air anomaly, which is similar to topography, are not shown at passive continent margin, and after terrain correction with GTOPO30 data, gravity anomaly increases from continent to marine. that is deep connected with rise of Moho discontinuity. The correlation of topography and free-air anomaly shows that the isostasy of continent attains a little less than marine. After filtering, the residual anomaly are shown high and low anomalies related to fracture zone in continent and base depression or thick sedimentary layer in continental slope, marine.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.101-110
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• 2012

In this study, we attempted to provide Korean names to the arctic vascular plants observed around the Dasan Korean Arctic Station and Longyearbyen in Spitsbergen Island, in the Arctic region. To obtain recognizable results, plants were named according to the following naming rules. (1) When Korean names already existed, those names were used. (2) When there was no Korean name for a plant species, a scientific name for the plant was translated into a Korean name. (3) If the meaning of the scientific name was unclear, an English common name was translated into Korean name. (4) If the scientific names had meaning to the Arctic inhabitation, the Korean names included the word 'Buk-geuk'. (5) If the distribution of the plant was limited to the Arctic area or the original species lived in the polar region, the Korean name included the word 'Buk-geuk'. (6) If the plant had no Korean generic name, a particular suffix '~a-jae-bi' was added to the closely related genus name of the plant species, or a new Korean genus name was used by translating a common English name. (7) If the same generic name had two or more Korean names, a generic name that better reflected the characteristics of the plant was selected. In this paper, we reported Korean names for 46 plants species belonging to 15 families and 28 genera. Eight plants had an existing Korean name and the other species were given new Korean names based on the criteria outlined above. We also made new Korean generic names for three genera, Braya, Micranthes and Cassiope.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.141-150
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• 2017

Using the NASA's Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis for aerosol optical depth (AOD) and satellite-observed carbon monoxide (CO) data, we examined the basic pattern of AOD variations over the three polar stations of Korea: Jangbogo and King Sejong stations in the Antarctica, and Dasan station in the Arctic area. AOD values at King Sejong and Dasan station show the maximum peaks in spring, which looks associated with the high amount of atmospheric CO emitted from the natural burning and the biomass burning. Jangbogo station shows the much less AOD compared to other two stations, and seems not strongly affected by the transport of airborne particles generated from mid-latitude regions. All three polar stations show the AOD increasing trend in general, indicating that the polar background air quality becomes polluted.