• 대한수의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 1973

Cultural method, dark field microscopy & fluorescent antibody technique were compared for their sensitivity of the detection of leptospires from experimentally infected mice. Two groups of mice were infected with L. icterohemorrhagiae (M20) and L. australis (Ballico), and the infected blood, urine and a number of organs were subjected to the bacterial isolation. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. L. icterohemorrhagiae (M20) and L. australis (Ballico) in blood, urine and various tissues of experimentally infected mice were detected with a negrigible non specificity, by the fluorescent antibody technique. 2. The fluorescent antibody technique, as applied to detection of leptospires in blood, urine and various infected tissue, proved to be better than cultural method and dark-field microscopy. 3. Early detection of leptospires by fluorescent antibody technique were possible in blood at 2 days after inoculation, whereas detection of organisms in liver, spleen, lung and kidney were observed later. By means of fluorescent antibody technique, the detection of leptospires in kidney and urine was possible up to 34 days postinoculation, whereas those in other parts were impossible. 4. Fluorescent antibody reaction of leptospires were highly specific to homologous antigen rather than to heterologous one. 5. Fluorescent antibody technique may be of value in the application for the demonstration of leptospira from clinical specimens.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.17-19
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• 2018

Alkaptonuria (AKU, OMIM: 203500) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of tyrosine metabolism due to a defect of enzyme activity, homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (HGD). The patients with AKU initially presented with dark urine discoloration, and ochronosis and arthritis develop after third decades of life. With advances of Internet resources, web-based health seekers for rare disease are increasing. Here, we report the case of an 18-year-old boy with AKU who visited our center due to dark black urine based on self-diagnosis via web searching of this rare condition. Compound heterozygous mutations in HGD gene, IVS5+3A>C and IVS12+6T>C were identified and both of mutations were detected in his parents. Our case illustrates the utility of publicly available Internet resources for diagnosis of rare disease.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report a case of Rhabdomyolysis that occurred after shock related to overworking, presenting myalgia(especially in the neck), muscular weakness, and dark urine. Methods : A patient diagnosed with Rhabdomyolysis received Korean medical treatment from November $17_{th}$ to $24_{th}$. Clinical improvement was evaluated using a numerical rating scale(NRS), neck disability index(NDI), and laboratory tests which included complete blood count, kidney function, liver function, serum eletrolytes and Creatinine kinase(CK). Results : After treatment, myalgia, muscular weakness and dark urine each improved. Laboratory results, including CK, had decreased to within normal range. Conclusions : Korean medical treatment could be effective for Rhabdomyolysis patients. Further extensive studies should be carried out.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.313-315
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• 2016

An aged (14 years old) female snow leopard exhibited renal calculi and pyelonephritis at necropsy. The animal experienced appetite loss, mild diarrhea, polydipsia, and difficulty breathing, and was curled up and staggering on its hind legs 2 days before death. Large calculi were found obstructing both sides of the renal pelvis. The left-side calculus was larger than that of the right side. These calculi had rough surfaces and were $15{\times}21mm$ and $9{\times}14mm$, respectively. The bladder was filled with dark, cloudy urine. Multiple ulcerous lesions were found in the inner layer of the bladder. Enterococcus faecalis and Proteus mirabili were identified via microbiological examination of the urine. Under microscopic examination, urine struvites were observed in the pyuria sediment in the bladder. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of nephrolithiasis in a captive snow leopard.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.329-331
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• 2006

알캅톤뇨증은 상염색체 열성으로 유전하는 드문 질환으로 homogentisic acid oxidase 결핍에 의해 homogentisic acid가 체내 축적되고 소변으로 다량 배설되는 대사 이상 질환이다. 주로 도미니카 공화국과 슬로바키아에서 보고되고 있으나 한국에는 아직 보고된 바 없다. 증상으로는 소아 때에는 주로 배뇨 후 시간이 지나면 소변 색이 검어지는 특징이 보이고, 나이가 들면서 연골과 결체 조직의 착색, 관절염, 갈색증, 심장 질환, 신장 질환 등이 발생할 수 있다. 특별히 효과가 입증된 치료제는 없는 것으로 보고되고 있고, 진단은 뇨유기산분석을 통해 할 수 있다. 저자들은 내원 당시 13개월이었던 여자 환아에서 기저귀에 묻은 소변이 시간이 지나면서 연분홍 갈색빛을 보여 시행한 뇨유기산분석에서 homogentisic acid (normal range <2 mmol/molCr)가 1,158.3 mmol/molCr로 현저한 증가 소견을 보여 보고하는 바이다. 재검사에서도 역시 910.7 mmol/molCr 로 증가된 소견을 보였으며 환아 신체 어디에서도 연갈색이나 검은색의 착색된 부위를 찾을 수 없었다. 환아는 현재 ascorbic acid 투여하며 추적관찰 중이다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.455-459
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• 1998

Ten sheeps from one farm had sudden onset of anorexia, jaundice and hemoglobinuria and died within 3 days after showing clinical signs during 3 months period. Postmortom examination was performed on one case and copper concentrations in the livers kidney and serum of the necmpsied minim were analysed. Grossly, the conjunctive, subcutaneous tissue and abdominal fat were generally icteric. The liver was enlarged with yellowish orange in color. The kidney was enlarged with dark red in color and the urinary bladder was filled with dark red urine. Histopathologically, centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis, neutrophilic infiltrations bile stasis and aggregation of fine granules-laden macrophages in the portal area were noted in the liver. Most of the Bowman's spaces and renal tubules were filled with homogenous eosinophilic fluid. Extramedullary hematopoiesis was noted in the submandibular lymph node. Copper concentrations in serum, liver and kidney of the necropsied animal were 25.0, 2732.8 and 471.3 ppm respectively. Based on the gross and histopathological findings and the high copper concentrations in the organs, this case was diagnosed as chronic copper toxicosis. Possible etiology on this outbreak is also discussed.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this case report is to describe the efficacy of Saenggan-tang-gagam treatment in a patient with immune-tolerant chronic hepatitis B who converted to the immune active phase during hospitalization for Intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A 61-year-old male patient with chronic hepatitis B was hospitalized from July 21, 2016 to October 24, 2016. On September 5, the patient showed fatigue and dyspepsia, and his urine was dark. These symptoms were accompanied by a dramatic elevation of aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels. Saenggan-tang-gagam was administered three times a day until the patient was discharged from the hospital. Results: After the Saenggan-tang-gagam treatment, AST and ALP levels decreased significantly, below the upper limit level. In addition, the levels of ALT and GG were significantly decreased. In addition, the fatigue, dyspepsia, and dark urine induced by hepatitis improved after the Saenggan-tang-gagam treatment. Conclusion: This case report suggests that traditional Korean medicine has a beneficial effect on the immune active phase of chronic hepatitis B.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.873-876
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• 2000

So-gal(消渴) is a oriental medical pathologic state that is characterized by 3 major symptoms - thirst, polyphasia, polyuria - of which especially thirst features Sang-so(上消). Diabetes mellitus and So-gal(消渴) have many points in common. But there are considerable differencies between them, because they have obviously different diagnostic bases from each other. That is, oriental medicine places more weight on symptoms than clinopathologic laboratory reports. This case of stroke patient complained of severe thirst and additional dryness in the mouth, choking sensation in the chest, hidrosis, insomnia, dark colored urine, constipation. The patient had no clinical history of diabetes mellitus. Based on oriental medical standards, we diagnosed the case as Sang-so(上消). Several herbal medicines were dispensed for 48 days. And considerably effective result were obtained. Object : 1 case of stroke patient who complained severe thirst. Medication : . Seonghyangjeonggisan for 5 days (2000. 6. 9 - 6. 13.) . Paljeongsan for 21 days (2000. 6. 14. -7. 5) . Ikwonsan for 8 days (2000. 7. 6 - 7. 13) . Okcheonsan for 14 days (2000. 7. 14 - 7. 27) Result : 1. After administration of Paljeongsan, dark colored urine turned normal. 2. After administration of Ikwonsan, dryness in the mouth improved. 3. After administration of Okcheonsan, thirst significantly improved. Constipation, choking sensation, hidrosis, insomnia also improved.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2021

최근 현장검사장치의 소형화 및 디지털화가 급격히 빠르게 진화하고 있다. 뇨검사는 일반인이 요시험지인 딥스틱을 이용하여 시각적인 색비교를 통해 자가진단이 가능하기에 색인지 기술에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구는 요시험지검사에 사용되는 딥스틱(Dipstick Pad)의 색 변화를 스마트폰 카메라를 이용하여 얻어진 이미지로부터 RGB 값을 분석하였다. 비교 대상은 가장 많이 검사하는 질환으로 당뇨 증상과 관련 있는 요소인 당, 케톤체, pH의 양적변화에 대한 뇨 색 변화를 관찰하였다. 본 실험에서 일반적인 조도의 영향을 기준으로 밝은 조도와 어두운 조도 조건에서 뇨시험지상의 색변화에서 추출된 RGB값의 변화를 관찰하였다. 결과적으로 밝은 조도 조건에서의 색상 추출값이 높고 농도에 따른 반영이 잘 이루어지는 반면 낮은 조도 영역에는 색상 추출값이 낮게 나타났다. 따라서, 색 분리 알고리즘의 문제점을 개선하고자 RGB 수치의 변화값을 제시하였다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.192-196
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• 1996

The principal significance of the urothelial changes caused by polyomavirus activation is in an erroneous diagnosis of urothelial cancer; however, the clue to their benign nature is the smooth structureless nuclear configuration and the relative paucity of affected cells. Though virologic studies and electron microscopy are usually needed to firmly establish the diagnosis, cytology is the most readily available and rapid means of establishing a presumptive diagnosis of human polyomavirus infection. A urine specimen of a 24-year-old man with hemorrhagic cystitis beginning two months after bone marrow transplantation for acute myeloblastic leukemia(M2) was submitted for cytologic evaluation. Cytologic findings revealed a few inclusion-bearing epithelial cells intermingled with erythrocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages. Most of the inclusion-bearing fells had large, round to ovoid nuclei almost completely filled with homogeneous dark, basophilic inclusion. The chromatin was clumped along the periphery and the cytoplasm was mostly degenerated. The other cells exhibited irregular inclusions attached to the nuclear membrane surrounded by an indistinct halo. These findings were consistent with polyomavirus infection.