• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.86-86
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of modified drum priming and 24-Epibrassinolide (24-EBL) treatment to improve the seed quality for export. 40, 50 and 60% seed moisture content (SMC) of hydrated seeds were incubated for 16 and 24 h in a container with a relative humidity of 99% at 26 rpm for a modified drum priming treatment. The treated seeds were sown at $20^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ (12/12h, light/dark) with four replications of 25 seeds on pleated paper. The seeds were hydrated with water or 24-EBL solutions of $10^{-7}$, $10^{-8}$ and $10^{-9}M$, respectively. The germination of the modified drum primed seeds (24 h incubation after 60% SMC hydration) improved to 1.6 days mean germination time (MGT) and $46%{\cdot}day^{-1}$ germination rate (GR), while the untreated seeds showed 2.1 days MGT and $28%{\cdot}day^{-1}$ GR. The modified drum priming (60% SMC and 24 h incubation with $10^{-9}M$ 24-EBL) showed improved results in MGT (1.8 days) and GR (55%) at $20^{\circ}C$, whereas untreated seeds showed 2.3 days MGT and 44% GR. Under $30^{\circ}C$, germination of modified drum primed seeds was significantly improved in GP (80%), GR ($31%{\cdot}day^{-1}$), HS (55%) and MGT (3.3 days), however, untreated seeds showed decreased GP (27%), GR ($22%{\cdot}day^{-1}$), HS (55%) and MGT (4.8 days). This study showed that the germination of lettuce seeds is enhanced by 24 h drum incubation with 24-EBL and this method can be used effectively to achieve the benefits of early germination and uniform seedling development. In addition, these treatments circumvent thermo-dormancy of lettuce seed and have a possibility of high-quality and environment-friendly seed processing.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.541-549
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• 2011

This experiment was held to identify the germination feature of Papaver radicatum var. pseudoradicatum which has high economical value. Seeds were collected in the Mt. Changbai in China. To eliminate dormancy of the seeds, chilling treatment were carried out in the $5^{\circ}C$ refrigerator. 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, 120 days of chilling treatments were taken. After being Treated, seeds were under 15, 20, $25^{\circ}C$ of temperature and light, dark conditions respectively to see the differences in germination. Within many features, germination ratio of seeds and germination period were investigated. Also, features related to early growth were checked through the closer look into acrospire, growth of cotyledon of young plant. Over 30 days of chilling treatment was all effective. Especially, 120 days of chilling treatment was most effective. The seeds germinated well in the light conditions. 120 days of chilling treatment, $15^{\circ}C$, light conditions were found to be most effective conditions as 54.5% of the seeds germinated. The germination period was 4.29 days. 30 days after germinating, length of the aerial part had been 1.90 cm. But after 45 days, the length grew rapidly to 4.58 cm. Fresh weight of scales plant was also increased dramatically after 45 days. Therefore, transporting the plant 45 days after seeding judged to be good.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.125-129
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• 1968

For the study of method for promoting the germination of Korean sod seeds harvseted newly some physical and chemical treatments were tested in this experiment. The summarized results of these tests are as follows: 1. Storage of wet seed in low temperature of 0~$2^{\circ}C$ during 2~30 days was seemed the most effective treatment for promoting the germination of sod seed. 2. The treatment that Soaking and mixing up the seeds in cone sulphuric acid about one and half minutes and then washing off in the water promoted fairly the germination of sod seeds. 3. Better germination of sod seeds was found in the light than in the dark or soil. 4. Cutting the top of seed and crushing of seed coat with sand seemed to promote slightly the germination of sod seeds. 5. No promoting effect for germination of sod seeds was found with treatments of Gibberellin, $NH_4$ $NO_3$ and NAA.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.228-232
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• 1994

The influence of temperature, soil depth, burial duration, and soil moisture on the germination and viability of Galium spurium L. was studied in field and laboratory. Germination and maturing date were Oct. 20 and May 30, respectively. 1000 seed weight was 1.478g and seed color was dark brown. Optimum storage temperature to break dormancy was that $5^{\circ}C$, and germination rate of $10^{\circ}C$ was 81%, seed was not germinated at $20^{\circ}C$ or greater than $20^{\circ}C$. Optimum burial depth was 2cm and emergence rate was 40%. As bural duration in upland was longer, germination rate was increased, but buried seed of paddy land was died in a month. Optimum soil moisture content for germination was 25.3% in sand loam soil however seeds were not germinated above 43.6% or below 2.1%.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.957-965
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• 2021

This research was carried out to investigate seed germination and growth of the perennial plant Apocynum lancifolium under different NaCl concentrations, with a view for future cultivation on reclaimed land. Initial characterization revealed that the average length and weight of A. lancifolium seed pods was 133.6 mm and 0.23 g, respectively, and the thousand-grain weight was 0.59 g. Upon examining the effects of light on seed germination, we found germination to be 1.7% higher under light conditions (90%) than under dark conditions (88.3%). In terms of the response to salt stress, we found that 90% of seeds germinated in the 0.00%, 0.25%, and 0.50% salt treatment groups. Although salt treatment up to a concentration of 0.5% was found to have little effect on seed germination, the rate of germination decreased at higher concentrations and was completely inhibited in the 2% treatment. We also established that germination rates were higher in seeds sown in horticultural topsoil than in the coarse sandy soil found in the plant's natural habitats. Although the growth of A. lancifolium tends to decrease with an increase in salt concentration, we found that the stem thickness, fresh weight, and dry weight of A. lancifolium seedlings subjected to 0.25%-1.0% salt were comparable to those of the control seedling that were not exposed to salt. Furthermore, in contrast to those plants subjected to 2.0% salt, these plants continued to grow and remained viable.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 1999

Higher and uniform germination should be necessary because many commercial pepper (Capsicum annum L.) seedlings were nowadays sold to farmer. The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of its cultivars (Daemyung; Wanggochu), GA$_3$ (concentration; period), light quality (red; far-red; blue; dark) during GA$_3$imbibition, and germination temperature (GT: 25 or 15$^{\circ}C$ constant; 25/15$^{\circ}C$ alternating) on the rate of germination done under incandescent lamps until 9 days after sowing. Final seed germination was not different between GA$_3$0 to 1.0 mM concentrations but the elapsed days to 50% germination $(T_{50})$ were more reduced by GA$_3$ treatment than water imbibition. Under $25^{\circ}C$ constant germination temperature, earlier germination was enhanced by GA$_3$treatment showing the lowest rate at darkness, although the final germination rates of water imbibition and GA$_3$ treatments were same. The final germination rates of alternating and 25 $^{\circ}C$ constant GT in cv. Daemyng was also equal, while the germination rates of $25^{\circ}C$ and 15$^{\circ}C$ constant GT were the highest and the lowest regardless of cultivars. There was no difference between light quality treatments impelled during GA$_3$ imbibition when light treated seeds were germinated at alternating and $25^{\circ}C$ constant GT. At 15$^{\circ}C$ constant GT, however, red light or dark treatment during GA$_3$imbibition increased the germination rate since 5 days after sowing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.26-26
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• 2017

Seed germination stimulated by light is said to be photoblastism. Photoblastism has not been reported in cereal crops, especially in the rice, but Korean weedy rice was reported to have photoblastism and longer mesocotyl than cultivar. Photoblastic weedy rice (PBR) was used to identify QTLs for photoblastism and mesocotyl length. In previous works, QTLs for photoblastism, pbr1 and pbr12 were identified on chromosomes 1 and 12 using 124 F4 lines from a cross between Ilpum and PBR using bulked segregant analysis. Two QTLs for mesocotyl elongation, qMel-1 and qMel-3 were mapped on chromosomes 1 and 3 120 F8 lines from the same cross. Of interest, the RM8260-RM246 region of pbr1 overlapped with a region of qMel-1. To know whether these two QTLs are functionally related, 110 F3 lines were developed from a cross between Ilpum and CR7124. CR7124 having photoblastism and long mesocotyl was selected from 120 F8 lines. 95 F3 lines were measured for germination rate in a light and dark condition and mesocotyl length. Mesocotyl length and germination rate in the dark condition in F3 lines showed significant correlation (r = 0.7, P < 0.0001). 95 $F_3$ lines were genotyped with RM7419 on chromosome 1. ANOVA showed that RM7419 was tightly linked to QTLs for photoblastism as well as mesocotyl length on chromosome 1 (P < 0.0001) indicating the tight linkage of two QTLs. Fine mapping of the two QTL is underway to analyze their functional relationship.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2000

Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) used as a spice or fruit vegetable has been transplanted for cultivation to accompany the production of its seedlings in general. The experiment was done to measure the effect of its cultivars (Daemyng; Wanggochu), priming (chemicals; concentration; period), light quality (red; far-red; blue; dark) during priming, and germination temperature (25 or 15$^{\circ}C$ constant; 25/15$^{\circ}C$ alternating) on the rate of germination done under incandescent lamps until 9 days after sowing. Seed germination was better when primed with Ca(NO$_3$)$_2$ than with KNO$_3$. Priming for 6 to 12 days using the former chemical enhanced the final germination rate and shortened the elapsed days to 50% germination, $T_{50}$, compared to no-priming. Under $25^{\circ}C$ constant germination temperature, primed seeds at darkness or far-red light showed the highest rate until 5 days after sowing or the lowest one since 7 days after sowing, respectively. The germination response at 25/15$^{\circ}C$ alternating temperature did not followed the lowest rate of 15$^{\circ}C$ constant germination temperature but inclined to that of $25^{\circ}C$ constant recorded the greatest one. Under 3 germination temperature red light treated during priming elevated the rate since 7 days after sowing compared to the other light treatments, and the germination rate of each cultivar was affected by no-priming or priming, light quality during priming. which imply their interaction to the seed germination.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.103-115
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• 2012

To investigate the attributes of seed germination of the plants for greening of river bank slope, low-temperature treatment, chemical treatment, plant hormones treatment, and stratification were conducted using the seeds of 6 herbs growing naturally around river banks, such as Setaria glauca and faberii, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii, Miscanthus sinensis, Pennisetum alopecuroides, Lespedeza cuneata and the seeds of 3 shrubs, such as Lespedeza bicolor., Rosa multiflora, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora. The findings are as follows. In case of herbs, Setaria glauca and faberii. have stone seeds. In the treatment with $H_2SO_4$, they were germinated through dormancy breaking, even though there were some differences depending on immersion time, and the germination rate of Setaria faberii was a bit higher than that of Setaria glauca. The germination rate of Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii was low in the treatment with $GA_3$, NAA, and the plant hormone, but the seed germination rate has improved and the germination rate of Miscanthus sinensis and Pennisetum alopecuroides showed the improved seed germination rate in low temperature treatment. In case of Lespedeza cuneata and bicolor, the leguminous plants, the treatment with $H_2SO_4$ was most effective for the improvement of seed germination and the decrease in germination time. Only Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora, the rose among 3 woody plants showed the seed germination rate above 50% without any additional treatment. Thus, it was thought to be appropriate for greening. Rosa multiflora showed the attribute of germination in a dark condition at low temperature through stratification, despite its low germination rate. Based on the results as above, with respect to the greening using directly collected seeds, Miscanthus sinensis, Pennisetum alopecuroides, and Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora are suitable for greening, because they do not need any additional treatment, and Lespedeza cuneata and bicolor are also suitable for greening because it is possible to improve the germination rate and reduce the germination time through the treatment on the seeds before sowing.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.274-282
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• 2013

Research was initiated to investigate early germination and establishment characteristics of perennial ryegrass (PR, Lolium perenne L.). An alternative condition was applied in Experiment I with 8-hr light at $25^{\circ}C$ and 16-hr dark at $15^{\circ}C$ (ISTA condition). Experiment II was conducted under $5^{\circ}C$ to $25^{\circ}C$ (natural condition). Significant differences were observed in germination percentage, germination speed and germination peak time. Seed germinating vigor was 66.00 to 93.75% under ISTA and 66.25 to 93.50% under natural conditions. Germination speed, measured as days to germination of 50% through 90%, was much faster with 'Pennant II', 'Brightstar II', 'Sonata' and 'Accent II' under ISTA conditions. But it was faster only with 'Pennant II' and 'Brightstar II' under natural conditions. Germination peak time ranged 1.48 to 5.65 days under ISTA, while 2.17 to 10.63 days under natural conditions. Regardless of growing conditions, the shortest cultivars in peak time were 'Sonata', 'Pennant II', and 'Brightstar II' and the longest one 'Revenge GLX'. Considering germinating vigor, early germination speed and germination peak time, 'Pennant II', 'Brightstar II', 'Sonata' and 'Accent II' were regarded as excellent cultivars under ISTA conditions, while 'Pennant II' and 'Brightstar II' under natural conditions.