• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1987년도 식물생명공학 심포지움 논문집 Proceedings of Symposia on Plant Biotechnology
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• pp.175-190
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• 1987

Germination characters of the lettuce seed that received photoperiodic pretreatments of low or high temperature from the flowering to harvest. MSU-15 seed, one of the lettuce cultivars used, having high dark germination, was modified to low dark germination by the long-day treatments during the seed formation. Light-requiring MSU-16 seed was modified to the dark-germination seed by high temperature given at the seed formation period. Above results suggest that the environmental conditions given to an immature seed adhered to a mother plant bring about some modification to its native germination habit. I confirmed that the spectral quality of light could influence the phytochrome system which controlled germination characters of the progeny of lettuce seed ; plants grown in light rich in far-red energies produced light-requiring seed, but those grown in high deficient in far-red energies produced dark germination seed.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 1990

This study carried out to changes $\alpha$-amylase activity and isozymes in barley during germination in the dark and red light The specific activity of u-amylase was increased during the germination periods in the dark, giving 355.0 and 523.7 units/mg protein at 3 and 5 day, and the activity was increased by the red light up to 48 and 15% at 3 and 5 days of germination, respectively. The ratio of $\alpha$-amylase I and II was approximately 95:5 at both 3 and 5 days of germination in the dark while the different ratio was found by the red light i. e. 60 : 40 and 90 : 10 at 3 and 5 days of germination, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.127-135
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• 1992

The effects of nacl concentration, temperatura, light and growth regulator(GA3, kinetin) on the tuber germination of s. maritimus were investigated. The germination percentage increased with decreasing nacl, showing salt tolerance through time, and with increasing temperature untile 20~30oC light / dark (12/12 hr) of optimal temperature. The multiplication of nacl and temperature on germination percentage and velocity, increased significantly in higher temperature than lower temperature in saline. The germination percentage showed high value in dark condition than in light condition which is the charracteristics of underground organ. and ga3 act as germination stimulator to overcome the inhibitory effect of nacl. The effect of ga3 showed significant differances on tubers of s. maritimus of germination but that of kinetin had a litter sffects on germination. Factors of nacl and temperature interacted significantly and the effects of nacl on germination percentage and velocity depended on temperature condition.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 1987

큰달맞이꽃 종자(種子)의 발아(發芽)에 관계 되는 광(光)이외의 주요인자(主要因子)들을 알기 위하여 일차적(一次的)으로 암발아(暗發芽)에 영향(影響)을 미치는 요인(要因)들을 조사(調査)하여본 결과(結果)는 다음과 같았다. 여러가지의 물이적변화유기처리(物理的變化誘起處理)는 항온(恒溫) 암조건(暗條件)에서 발아(發芽)되지 않았던 종자(種子)의 암발아(暗發芽)을 유기(誘起)시켰다. $15{\sim}40^{\circ}C$의 항온(恒溫)에서는 암발아(暗發芽)되지 않았으나 $4^{\circ}C$의 저온(低溫), $-10^{\circ}C$의 냉동 또는 $80^{\circ}C$의 고온처리(高溫處理)에서는 암발아(暗發芽)가 유기(誘起)되었다. 변온(變溫)은 암발아(暗發芽)를 유기(誘起)시켰으며 $10{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ 범위(範圍)에서는 적어도 $5^{\circ}C$ 이상의 변온폭(變溫幅)을 요구하였다. 변온에 대한 종자(種子)의 감응(感應)은 치상후 1~2일째 이루어졌다. $GA_3$, IAA, BA, Ethrel은 암발아(暗發芽)에 유기효과(誘起效果)가 없었으나 Thiourea 처리는 1.0% 농도처리에서 40%의 암발아(暗發芽)를 유기(誘起)시켰다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.253-260
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• 1995

This study is aimed to understand the effects of temperature, light and GA soaking treatment on the seed germination of perennial ryegrass 'Dandy', creeping hentgrass 'Penlinks', tall fescue 'Arid' and Kentucky hluegrass 'Nasaw'. These experiments are carried in vitro, and their results obtained are summarized as the followings ; The optimum temperature for seed germination of perennial ryegrass 'Dandy' was found to he ranged at 20~30$^{\circ}C$, and the optimum temperature for germination of creeping bentgrass 'Penlinks', tall fescue 'Arid' and kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw' seeds was found to be ranged at 20~25$^{\circ}C$, whereas the germination percentage under the below or above temperature of this range decreased. The germination of perennial ryegrass 'Dandy' and tall fescue 'Arid' seeds showed no effect on light, and while the germination percentage of creeping hentgrass 'Penlinks' increased more highly under the dark condition than under the light condition. The germination percentage decreased according to the higher temperature. The germination of Kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw' seeds increased more highly under the dark condition than under the light condition at 20~25$^{\circ}C$, whereas the germination percentage under the dark condition at 15$^{\circ}C$ and 30$^{\circ}C$ decreased. In case of GA soaking treatment of seeds, all the cool season turfgrasses tested showed their own promoting effects on seed germination. The early germination of tall fescue 'Arid' was good without the soaking times. Creeping bentgrass 'Penlinks' and perennial ryegrass 'Dandy' had re-spectively the highest germination percentage at 10min and 1hr soaking treatment, and the longer the soaking time, the lesser the germination percentage. Kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw' obtained the best results at 24has soaking treatment, and the longer the soaking time, the better the ger-mination percentage.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 1980

The germination character and the salt tolerance of seeds collected in a salt reclaimed area were studied. Twenty species of seeds out of 30 species collected were germinated under natural or continuous light conditions but only 16 species under dark condition. Germination percentage of seeds under dark was more decreased than those under other two conditions and speed of germination was accelerated at high temperature. It is clear that almost all the wild weeds were the light germinated seeds. The higher concentration of NaCl for germination inhibited to make the lower percentage and rate of germination. The germination curves of seeds treated with NaCl solution were classified into 3 different curves; a steeper, a parabola and intermediate. The critical concentrations of NaCl for germination were 2.3% for Brassica napus, 1.8% for Echinochloa hispidula, 1.5% for Setaria lutescens, 1.3% for Aster koraiensis, 0.7% for Bromus japonicus and 0.6% for Glyceria acutiflora.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.60-64
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• 1987

보리의 발아중 호분층 및 배유조직에 미치는 적 색광의 영향을 조사하였다. 발아일수가 경과함에 따라 적색광 조사에 의한 배유조직의 친분입자의 용해현상이 발아 3일까지는 암소와 큰 차이가 없었으나 4일부터는 현저히 촉진되었다. 맥아내 전분의 blue value는 암소에서 발아 1일에 0.42, 6일에 0.13으로 발아일수가 경과함에 따라 현저히 감소하였으며, 적색광 처리에서도 동일한 경향을 보였으나 암소보다 그 값이 낮았다. 호분층 세포벽의 팽윤 및 붕괴현상은 발아일수가 경과함에 따라 촉진되었는데 암소에 비하여 적색광 조사에서 현저하였으며 특히 적색광 조사시의 발아일에서 세포벽의 붕괴현상이 심하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1986

Effects of temperature, pH, light-and-dark and degree of oxygen supply on germination of Papaver somniferum L. seeds were investigated. The optimum temperature of the germination was 2$0^{\circ}C$, but the germination was decreased as temperatures changed to the upper and lower. The largest elongation of both radicle and hypocotyl also occurred at 2$0^{\circ}C$. The best germination occurred at pH 7 but this decreased suddenly the above and below of that pH value. Although no effect of light-and-dark on the germination was, this was restricted under limited. oxyten supply in terms of underwater germination as compared with abovewater one.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2017

본 연구는 식의약소재로 활용 가치가 높은 늘어진장대(Arabis pendula L.)의 대량증식을 위한 기초연구로 종자의 형태적 특성과 발아특성을 규명하고, 최적 발아조건을 규명하고자 수행되었다. 늘어진장대 종자는 종피에 날개가 있는 원형으로 색은 진갈색이며, 너비 1.47 mm, 길이 1.25 mm이고, 배는 굴곡형이며 무배유종자이다. 온도와 광조건 실험에서, 종자 발아는 $20^{\circ}C$, 암조건에서 가장 우수하였다(49.7%). 그러나 암조건에서는 유묘가 약하고 웃자랐으며, 자엽이 작고 말려있는 특징을 보였다. 종자 발아와 유묘의 생육을 촉진하기 위하여 종자를 다양한 농도의 $GA_3$ 희석액(0, 200, 500, 1,000 mg/L)에 침지하여 전처리 한 후 파종하였다. 연구 결과, $GA_3$ 희석액 500 mg/L처리구에서 종자 발아율이 가장 높고(97.3%), 발아 소요기간이 짧았으며(8.1일), 유묘의 생육 또한 왕성하였다. 연구의 결과, 늘어진장대 종자의 최적 발아조건은 $GA_3$ 500 mg/L희석액에 침지처리($4^{\circ}C$, dark, 24시간)하여 $20^{\circ}C$에 파종하여 15일 동안 발아시키는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.242-248
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• 1983

상치종자(種子)에 광질(光質), 생장조절물질(生長調節物質), soduim hypochlorite침지처리하여 발아시험(發芽試驗)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 자연광(自然光) 및 적색광하(赤色光下)에서 GA 및 BA는 발아(發芽)를 촉진(促進)시켰으며, 청색광(靑色光)이나 ABA는 발아(發芽)를 억제(抑制)시켰다. 2. 생장조절물질(生長調節物質)의 복합처리시(複合處理時) GA 농도(濃度)가 높아질수록 발아율(發芽率)은 상승(上乘)하며 암흑하(暗黑下)에서는 BA농도(濃度) 10ppm에서 발아율상승효과(發芽率上乘效果)가 컸다. 3. Sodium hypochlorite 20분(分) 이상(以上) 침지처리로 암흑하(暗黑下)에서도 85%이상(以上)의 발아율(發芽率)을 보였다. 4. ABA하(下)에서도 sodium hypochlorite 침지처리로 발아율상승효과(發芽率上乘效果)를 볼 수 있었다.