• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to determine the effects of calcium intake on bone mineral density (BMD) in pre and post menopause women and to provide basic data for enhancing bone health of middle aged women. Methods: A total of 700 middle-aged women living in Seoul and Geonggi Province were interviewed during the period from June 2003 through January 2004 to investigate their social. demographic and physiological characteristics, health and daily activity performance, and their dietary patterns, and bone mineral density was measured. The survey of dietary intake was 24 hour recalls, and the individual calcium intake was calculated using food frequency. Data of 618 subjects was used for the analysis. Of the calcium intake levels, BMD values of the subjects of 20% of high level. 60% of middle level and 20% of low level were analyzed and compared. Results: The level of calcium intake according to general characteristics of the subjects was significantly related to age (p=0.001), education levels (p=.003) and marital status (p=.001). The BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and femur of the subjects taking a high level of calcium showed significantly higher than that of the subjects taking a middle level and low level of calcium. Femoral T-score was also significantly higher in subjects taking a high level of calcium than that of those taking a middle level and lower levels of calcium. Lumber spine T-score was higher in the high level group than that of the middle level group. Conclusion: The study revealed that women taking a high level of calcium had better bone health. Therefore. calcium intake is extremely important in daily dietary intake so that the intake of calcium-rich foods is highly recommended.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2012

Nowadays, recognizing human activities is an important subject; it is exploited widely and applied to many fields in real-life, especially in health care and context aware application. Research achievements are mainly focused on activities of daily living which are useful for suggesting advises to health care applications. Falling event is one of the biggest risks to the health and well-being of the elderly especially in independent living because falling accidents may be caused from heart attack. Recognizing this activity still remains in difficult research area. Many systems equipped wearable sensors have been proposed but they are not useful if users forget to wear the clothes or lack ability to adapt themselves to mobile systems without specific wearable sensors. In this paper, we develop a novel method based on analyzing the change of acceleration, orientation when the fall occurs and measure their similarity to featured fall patterns. In this study, we recruit five volunteers in our experiment including various fall categories. The results are effective for recognizing fall activity. Our system is implemented on G1 smart phone which are already plugged accelerometer and orientation sensors. The popular phone is used to get data from accelerometer and results showthe feasibility of our method and significant contribution to fall detection.

• Asian Spine Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1106-1116
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• 2018

Study Design: Prospective observational study. Purpose: To evaluate the disability domains relevant to Indian patients with low backache and propose a modified disability questionnaire for such patients. Overview of Literature: The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is a self-reported measurement tool that measures both pain and functional status and is used for evaluating disability caused by lower backache. Although ODI remains a good tool for disability assessment, from the Indian perspective questions related to weight lifting and sexual activity of ODI are questioned in some of the earlier studies. Activities of daily living in Indian patients vary substantially from those in other populations and include activities like bending forwards, sitting in floor and squatting which are not represented in the ODI. Methods: In this prospective observational study, a seven-step approach was used for the development of a questionnaire. Thirty patients were interviewed to identify the most challenging issue they faced while performing their daily activities (by free listing) and understand how important the questionnaire items were in terms of the standard ODI. Thus, a comprehensive disability questionnaire comprising 14 questions was developed and administered to 88 patients. Both qualitative (interviews) and quantitative methods (to establish the validity, reliability, and correlation with the Visual Analog Scale [VAS] and Rolland Morris disability questionnaire) were used to identify the 10 questions that best addressed the disability domains relevant to Indian patients. Results: According to free listing, four new questions pertaining to bending forward, sitting on the floor, walking on uneven surfaces, and work-related disabilities were included. In the second phase, wherein the questionnaire with 14 items was used, 56.8% patients did not answer the questions related to sexual activity, whereas 23.8% did not answer those related to walking on uneven surfaces. The modified questionnaire demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.892) and correlation with the Rolland Morris questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha=0.850, p>0.05), as well as with the VAS score for disability (Cronbach's alpha=0.712, p>0.05) and pain (Cronbach's alpha=0.625, p>0.05). Conclusions: A modified disability questionnaire that was designed by adding two questions related to bending forward and work status and removing questions related to sexual activity and weight lifting or traveling (depending on the occupation) can help evaluate disability caused by back pain in Indian population.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze the preference of spatial elements for common space planning in senior congregate housing. For the study, 500 potential consumer's residing in Seoul was surveyed using the questionnaire in the social survey methodology. As for the common spaces, gardens, treatment, and exercise rooms were preferred. A combination of both separate and group arrangement of the buildings was preferred, indicating that people wanted separation of the common space and the individual living units. Second, people preferred sharing parts of the common space with their neighbors and as is the traditional custom, preferred to take off their shoes at the entrance to individual units. Third, for the furniture and facilities, they wanted the manager room in the lobby, the small meeting rooms in the public dining room, a fitness center in the activity room, the rack or alcove to store items in front of an individuals unit in the hallway, a chair to sit down in the elevator, and the chair to rest on the stairway landing. Fourth, in terms of priority for planning the senior citizens' community housing, safety, familiarity like a regular home, reduced isolation and loneliness, sense of belonging, economic factors, aesthetic appreciation, daily life supplement, variety, and self-identity were answered in that order.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.40
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• pp.60-67
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• 2003

The perceptual change and reproduction process of a space is distinguished from the difference between the Modem Times and the digitalized Post-modem Times. According to this changing aspect, the dwelling. concept is also progressed toward the escapeness from the regularly standardized settlement. But, as written above, the escapable dwelling behavior pattern is re-territorizated through new restriction and domination system. Among the newly re-territorized dwelling areas, the virtual space that included human being's equal in the contemporary meaning has already been on the surface in our daily life, it has been enlarging into all kinds of activity. The virtual space has the possibility to extend beyond a already well-used to physical space and time unlimitedly. But, owing to the ambiguous boundary between the real space and the virtual space, it is getting more important to define the spatial substance in the Digital Age. From now on, especially, the academical fields like a Architecture and a Interior Design that dealed with a living space have to give it a great shot. What I really want to say is that various approach about the space itself with the help of many sorts of so-called a Case Study could be a diversity & uniqueness out of a typical point of view about the study handling on space and time.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.913-921
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• 2008

Objective : To report the effects of Chengsimyeonjatang-gamibang on tremors. Methods : Seven patients with tremors who visited the Department of Internal Medicine of Sangji Oriental Medical Center were diagnosed as Taeumin by consultation with the Dept. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Thus, an oriental medical therapy of Chengsimyeonjatang-gamibang, acupuncture, and moxibustion was carried out. We evaluated symptom progress of seven patients by using several questionnaires such as Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating ScaleIII (UPDRSIII), and Schwab & England activity of daily living (S&E ADL). Results : The scores of UPDRSIII were significantly improved after treatment (p<0.05). The scores of ADL were significantly improved after treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion : This study suggests that Chengsimyeonjatang-gamibang is probably effective in the treatment of tremors.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to obesity of mid-age women and to examine the relationship between obesity and chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. Methods: Using data from Korean American adults living in California, we analyzed the health behavior (diet, exercise, smoking, and binge drinking) and psychological stress of obese women with body mass index ${\geq}25$ by using chi-square test. Logistic regression was used to investigate independent effects of obesity on chronic diseases, after controlling for risk factors. Results: The prevalence of obesity appeared about 16.9%. The Obese group was less likely than the non-obese group to eat vegetables and more likely feel psychological stress. There were no significant differences in smoking, alcohol intake, and physical exercise between the two groups. Obesity was strongly related to chronic diseases (OR=4.642, 95% CI=1.328-16.222). Conclusion: This study suggests that obesity of mid-age women could be reduced by encouraging health behavior such as eating vegetables daily, performing physical exercise regularly, and taking care of emotional stress. Diet and physical activity interventions and emotional supports should be developed for weight loss and prevention of weight gain in mid-age women.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a day care rehabilitation program managed by nurses on physical and emotional function of patients with job-related injuries. Method: A one group pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design was used. Thirty patients participated in a day care rehabilitation program and 9% of those were unable to complete the 16 weeks program due to absence. The physiotherapist, occupational therapist, and clinical psychologist offered the day care rehabilitation program, 5 times a week for 16 weeks. Outcome measures included physical and emotional function. Results: The program participants had significantly greater motor function (t=-2.85, p=.008) and activity of daily living (t=-5.34, p<.001), and lower depression (t=5.20, p<.001), state anxiety (t=4.71, p<.001), and trait anxiety (t=4.40, p<.001). Conclusion: The nurse managed day care rehabilitation program significantly improved physical and emotional function in patients with job-related injuries. The program should be further tested in a larger sample to validate the findings.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to test whether adhesive taping therapy, one of rehabilitation, helps to relieve chronic low back pain. Sample were selected from 35 outpatients at oriental medicine hospital in the period from April 20 to June 20, 1998. The research design was one-group pretest - posttest design. The pretest included measuring discomfort depending on the scope and types of a range of motion, and their pain by their activity of daily living(ADL). In this research design, a treatment was to expose adhesive taping therapy to samples. The posttest included remeasuring of their discomfort and pain by ADL. The results of this study was as follows: Hypothesis I was that the discomfort score of the post-treatment group had lower than does that of the pre-treatment group. This study accepted the hypothesis (t=2.70, p=.015). Hypothesis II was that the post-treatment group had the pain score by ADL lower than does the pre-treatment group. Empirical results showed statistical significance(t=4.53, p=.000). In summary, the effect measured by the discomfort with a visual analog scale was statistically significant. The degree of pain according to postures in ADL also showed statistical significance. Consequently, these findings showed that the adhesive taping therapy was effective to alleviation of chronic low back pain.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1077-1087
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of respite care. The analysis was conducted by reviewing published intervention studies on the effects of formal respite care for caregivers of dementia patients, patients with dementia, and the prevented or delayed rate of institutionalization of the patients. Method: Two computerized databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL) were searched to find respite care-related articles published from the year of 1981 to 2000. A total of 49 published articles were identified. Of them, nine studies, which met for the inclusion criteria of this study, were included. Results: Results revealed that there was little evidence of the effect of respite care on, not only caregivers' burden, stress, depression and well-being, but also the rate of institutionalization of the patients. It was noteworthy that dementia patients reported fewer problems in behavior, although cognitive functioning and activity of daily living abilities continued to decline. However, these findings should be carefully interpreted because of methodological problems, such as non-random sampling, non random group assignment, a small sample size, uncontrolled confounding variables, limited period of services, and no specific types of services. Conclusion: It is recommended to conduct intervention studies of respite care being conducted in Korea with the corrections of methodological problems suggested from this study.