• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 2014

This study was aimed at synthesizing and characterizing cerium-doped titania. Cerium-doped anatase titania powders were prepared by sol-gel process, with ammonium (IV) nitrate and titanium (IV) butoxide as the raw materials. The characteristics of pure $TiO_2$ and cerium-doped $TiO_2$ were investigated by XRD, TG/DTA, FE-SEM, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The results of this study show that anatase type of $TiO_2$ was obtained in as-prepared and calcined $TiO_2$ and Ce-$TiO_2$ powder. A DTA curve was also observed as the crystallization temperature decreased with increasing cerium contents. We found that the crystallite size of the obtained anatase particles decreased from 55 nm to 25 nm and the particle size decreased with increasing cerium contents. Moreover, UV-vis spectra showed that anatase titania powders with various cerium contents effectively extend the light absorption properties to the visible region.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.70-74
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• 2013

Dependence of microwave dielectric properties on the crystallization behaviors of $CaMgSi_2O_6$ (diopside) glass-ceramics was investigated with different heat treatment methods (one and/or two-step). The crystallization behaviors of the specimens, crystallite size and degree of crystallization, were evaluated by differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis by combined Rietveld and reference intensity ratio (RIR) methods. With an increase in heattreatment temperature, the dielectric constant (K) and the quality factor (Qf) increased due to the increase of the crystallite size and degree of crystallization. The specimens heat-treated by the two-step method had a higher degree of crystallization than the specimens heat-treated by the one-step method, which induced improvement in the quality factor (Qf) of the specimens.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 1978

The purposes of this investigation were to study the characteristic properties of bismuthoxynitrate formed by hydrolysis of bismuthnitrate according to various reaction conditions and to propose the property difference between synthesized pearl pigment and bismuthsubnitrate as pharmaceuticals by means of X-ray diffraction, IR, DTA and TGA. The pearl pigment could be obtained by reaction of bismuth nitrate-diluted nitric acid solution with cold water (5.deg.) agitation at lower pH. The pearl pigment was BiO. NO$_{3}$. 2H$_{2}$O. in composition and crystalline form was thin plate of monoclinic system and its combination with water was assumed to be hydrated hydrous form between Bi-H$_{2}$O bond. On the other hand, bismuthsubnitrate was 5BiO.4NO$_{3}$.6H$_{2}$O in composition and crystalline form was pillar of rhombic system and the bond between Bi and H$_{2}$O molecules was assumed to be hydrous form. The different properties between two compounds in structure are presumed to be caused by the hydrolysing conditions of bismuthnitrate respectively.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.35-38
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• 2005

Pb(Zr$_{0.8}$Ti$_{0.2}$)O$_{3}$ powders, prepared by the sol-gel method, were mixed with an organic vehicle and the PZT thick films were fabricated by the screen-printing techniques on Pt/Ah03 substrates. The structural properties were examined as a function of sintering temperature. The particle size distribution of the PZT powder derived from the sol-gel process is uniform with the mean particle size of about 2.6 m. As a result of the DTA, the formation of the polycrystalline perovskite phase was observed at around $890^{circ}$CC. In the X-ray diffraction analysis, all PZT thick films showed a perovskite polycrystalline structure without a pyrochlore phase. The perovskite crystallization temperature of PZT thick films was about $890^{circ}$C. The average thickness of the PZT thick films was approximately 80-90 m.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.313-314
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• 2005

$PbTiO_3$ and PZT(52/48) powders, prepared by the sol-gel method, were mixed with an organic vehicle and the PT/PZT(52/40) heterolayered thick films were fabricated by the screen-printing method on Pt/$Al_2O_3$ substrates. The structural properties such as DTA, X-ray diffraction and microstructure, were examined as a amount of the PbO-$PbF_2$ flux. In the X-ray diffraction analysis, PZT(52/48) thick films showed a perovskite polycrystalline structure without a pyrochlore phase.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.279-288
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• 1991

Mg- and Zn-ferrites having spinel structure, a kind of complex oxides showing the advantageous properties of constituent single metal oxides, were selected to find a relationship between their catalytic activities in the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene and the catalytic properties. For the structural and physical analyses of ferrites, XRD, BET, TG/DTA, ESCA, TEM, and TPD methods were employed. The effects of Cr-substitution were intensively studied by the experimental methods mentioned above. Chromium which showed a preferential tendency to diffuse to the surface acted as a structural promoter by increasing surface area and stability of catalyst structure. In the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene, catalytic activity, and the effects of Cr-substitution were investigated. Oxygen mobility was decreased with the amount of Cr-substitution in $MgCr_xFe_{2-x}O_4$, which resulted in the increase of selectivity to styrene and the suppression of total oxidation.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.178-183
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• 2003

Electrical conductivity of$50Li_2O-xTiO_2-(50-x)P_2O_5$ glasses has been studied with an increase of the intermediate$TiO_2$content. Thermal properties were observed from TG-DTA measurement and the variation of glass structure was investigated by FT-IR. The density and glass transition temperature increased with an increase of the $TiO_2$ content. These results were attributed to the fact that bond strengthening was occurred because of the formation of P-O-Ti cross linkages in the glass. The ionic conductivity increased with $TiO_2$ content and a maximum value, $1.2{imes}10^{-6}$S/cm showed at x=20. The ionic conductivity showed a large increasement as a result that the pyrophosphate group become the predominant structural unit. This result can explain that Li ions mobility increased as a number of non-bridging oxygen on phosphate units increased.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.722-729
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• 1992

Mg-and Zn-ferrites having spinel structure, a kind of complex oxides showing the advantageous properties of constituently single metal oxides, were selected to find a relationship between their catalytic activities in the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene and the catalytic properties. For the structural and physical analyses of ferrites, XRD, BET, DTA, XPS, TEM and TPD methods were employed. Potassium added to the catalyst played a role of bifunctional promoter which brought the electronic effect as well as the structural one for the increment of particle dispersion. K-addition decreased acid strength of the catalyst by neutralization and increased its acidity. In the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene, K-addition let the selectivity to styrene be constant throughout the reaction by the proper acid strength of the ferrite for the reaction, which could be obtained from the neutralization of strong acid sites by potassium.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.665-670
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• 2003

This study investigated the thermodynamic and the thermal decomposition properties of high concentration nitrate salts waste water for the lagoon sludge treatment. The thermodynamic property was carried out by COACH and GEMINI II based on the composition of nitrate Salts waste water. The thermal decomposition property was carried out by TG-DTA and XRD. Ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate were decomposed at $250^{\circ}C$$730^{\circ}C$$450^{\circ}C$$Na_2O$ into stable $Na_2O$.$Al_2O_3$. The flow sheet for nitrate salts waste water treatment was proposed based on the these properties data. These will be used by the basic data of the process simulation.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.235-240
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• 2008

This paper presents results and observations obtained from a study of the optical and thermal properties of alkali tellurite depending on the composition. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra showed evidence of chemical modification from $TeO_4$ trigonal bipyramids (tbp) to $TeO_3$ trigonal pyramids (tp) in tellurite glasses. The optical band gaps of the different glass samples calculated using Tauc's method were found to range from 3.5-3.8 eV. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and glass stability (${\Delta}T$) of alkali tellurite glasses were investigated, as $M_2O$ [M: Li, Na, K] amounted to 25 mol%, through the use of differential thermal analysis (DTA). The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was measured in a thermo mechanical analysis (TMA) with a slow heating rate after the glass samples were annealed. The results confirm that the optical band gap of alkali tellurite glasses depends on the Te-O-Te structural relaxation related to the ratio of bridging/non bridging oxygen (BO/NBO). In contrast, the thermal properties are related to the ionic field strength of the Te-O-M and M-O-M bonds, and the Te-O-Te breakage depends on the ratio of BO/NBO.