• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 1977

Octahedral symmetry 를 지닌 리간드에 의한 영향 아래있는 하나의 d전자를 갖는 금속 착물을 대상으로, 결정장 분리계수 10Dq를 결정장이론에 의하여 이론적으로 계산하였다. 점전하 모형을 쓰되, Shull-Lowdin 함수를 사용하여 배치간 작용을 고려하고, Integral Hellmann-Feynman Theorem을 써서 고차섭동의 영향을 추출하였다. 고차섭동의 영향이 일차섭동의 약 $50{\%}$가 됨을 알았다. Octahedral potential에 의해 3d 함수의 각 성분의 변화가 없고, $E_g\;와\;T_{2g}$상태에서, 동경성분의 변화가 일정하므로 10Dq는 유일한 파라미터로 남을 것이라는 결론을 얻었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
• /
• pp.458-460
• /
• 1996

In this study, the full-state flux observer is designed in the synchronous DQ-frame and the speed adaptation rule is derived by using the MRAS(Model Reference Adaptive System) theory. In this rule, the induction motor becomes a reference model and the flux observer is taken as a adjustable model. A guideline of the adaptation gain is investigated for the precise and stable speed adaptation and the proposed scheme is compared with the conventional one designed in the stationary DQ-frame.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 1978

착물의 분자궤도함수를 중심 금속이온의 핵을 원점으로 하는 함수들을 기저함수 집합으로 하여 일점 전개하고, 그 결과를 섭동론적인 입장에서 해석했다. $KNiF_3$의 결정구조 (perovskite structure)내에 존재하는 공유결합성이 비교적 작은 $[NiF_6]^{4-}$의 경우에도, 리간드의 배위로 인한 섭동으로 중심 금속이온의 $e_g$궤도함수와 $t_{2g}$궤도함수에 g궤도함수 이상의 각운동량을 갖는 들뜬상태 배치가 상당히 크게 섞여 들어온다는 것과, 이들 궤도함수들이 갖는 변형이 서로 다르다는 것을 발견했다. 여기서 MO계산에 의해 얻어지는 $e^*_g$궤도함수와 $t^*_{2g}$궤도함수 사이의 에너지차는 결정장 이론에서 정의되는 단일한 파라미터로서 10Dq의 의미는 갖지 못하며, 엄밀한 입장에선 그와 같은 파라미터는 정의될 수 없음을 밝혔다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.509-516
• /
• 2018

The differential quadrature (DQ) and teaching-learning based optimization (TLBO) methods are coupled to introduce a hybrid numerical method for maximizing fundamental natural frequency of laminated composite skew plates. The fiber(s) orientations are selected as design variable(s). The first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is used to obtain the governing equations of the plate. The equations of motion and the related boundary conditions are discretized in space domain by employing the DQ method. The discretized equations are transferred from the time domain into the frequency domain to obtain the fundamental natural frequency. Then, the DQ solution is coupled with the TLBO method to find the maximum frequency of the plate and its related optimum stacking sequences of the laminate. Convergence and applicability of the proposed method are shown and the optimum fundamental frequency parameter of the plates with different skew angle, boundary conditions, number of layers and aspect ratio are obtained. The obtained results can be used as a benchmark for further studies.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.283-292
• /
• 2020

In the present research, differential quadrature (DQ) method has been utilized for investigating free vibrations of porous functionally graded (FG) micro/nano beams in thermal environments. The exact location of neutral axis in FG material has been assumed where the material properties are described via porosity-dependent power-law functions. A scale factor related to couple stresses has been employed for describing size effect. The formulation of scale-dependent beam has been presented based upon a refined beam theory needless of shear correction factors. The governing equations and the associated boundary conditions have been established via Hamilton's rule and then they are solved implementing DQ method. Several graphs are provided which emphasis on the role of porosity dispersion type, porosity volume, temperature variation, scale factor and FG material index on free vibrational behavior of small scale beams.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.129-147
• /
• 2012

In this paper, the thermal buckling analysis of rectangular composite laminated plates is investigated using the Differential Quadrature (DQ) method. The composite plate is subjected to a uniform temperature distribution and arbitrary boundary conditions. The analysis takes place in two stages. First, pre-buckling forces due to a temperature rise are determined by using a membrane solution. In the second stage, the critical temperature is predicted based on the first-order shear deformation theory. To verify the accuracy of the method, several case studies were used and the numerical results were compared with those of other published literatures. Moreover, the effects of several parameters such as aspect ratio, fiber orientation, modulus ratio, and various boundary conditions on the critical temperature were examined. The results confirm the efficiency and accuracy of the DQ method in dealing with this class of engineering problems.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.198-205
• /
• 1976

Parr의 Integral Hellmann-Feynman이론을 비대각꼴에 까지 일반화하여 의의를 갖도록 하였으며 그 특징을 논하였다. 그리하여 이 비대각꼴을 결정장론에 미치는 배치작용의 효과를 검토하는데 적용함으로서, 모든 차의 섭동 에너지를 하나의 묶음으로서 도입하였다. 그 결과 ${\Gamma}$, S 및 m로 특징지워지는 상태들에게, 파라미터화 할 수 있는 공통적인 동경적분이 존재하지 않음을 밝혔다. 그러나 만일 각 성분에 변형이 없고 동경성분에게 동등한 변형만이 있는 여기된 배치들의 작용만을 허락한다면, 이는 고전적인 결정장론에서 결정장 파라메터 10 Dq와 Condon-Slater 적분 $F^n$의 척도를 변경시키는 결과를 초래함을 알게 되었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2009년도 제40회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.1051_1052
• /
• 2009

This paper deals with operational characteristic analysis of a single-phase PCS (Power Conditioning System) for PV (Photovoltaic) power generation system with AF (Active Filter) function. The theory of dq transformation has been applied to the control strategy of a single-phase PV power generation system to implement the AF function. Application of the virtual two-phase using phase-shift makes it possible to use the dq theory for the single-phase PV power generation system. The authors are sure that the proposed system is a very useful to compensate harmonics caused by nonlinear loads in a single-phase utility system. In this paper, not only a theoretical aspect of the single-phase PV-AF system is discussed, but also the DSP (Digital Signal Processor) based experiment results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the single-phase PV-AF system.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2018

This research studies the dynamic analysis of a concrete column reinforced with titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) nanoparticles under earthquake load. The effect of nanoparticles accumulation in a region of concrete column is examined using Mori-Tanaka model. The structure is simulated mathematically based on the theory of sinusoidal shear deformation theory (SSDT). By calculating strain-displacement and stress-strain relations, the system energies include potential energy, kinetic energy, and external works are derived. Then, using the Hamilton's principle, the governing equations for the structure are extracted. Using these equations, the response of the concrete column under earthquake load is investigated using the numerical methods of differential quadrature (DQ) and Newark. The purpose of this study is to study the effects of percentage of nanoparticles, nanoparticles agglomeration, geometric parameters and boundary conditions on the dynamic response of the structure. The results indicate that by increasing the volume percent of $TiO_2$ nanoparticles, the maximum dynamic deflection of the structure decreases.

• Advances in materials Research
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.259-274
• /
• 2019

Flexoelectric effect has a major role on mechanical responses of piezoelectric materials when their dimensions become submicron. Applying differential quadrature (DQ) method, the present article studies dynamic characteristics of a small scale beam made of piezoelectric material considering flexoelectric effect. In order to capture scale-dependency of such piezoelectric beams, nonlocal elasticity theory is utilized and also surface effects are included for better structural modeling. Governing equations have been derived by utilizing Hamilton's rule with the assumption that the scale-dependent beam is subjected to thermal environment leading to uniform temperature variation across the thickness. Obtained results based on DQ method are in good agreement with previous data on pizo-flexoelectric beams. Finally, it would be indicated that dynamic response characteristics and vibration frequencies of the nano-size beam depends on the existence of flexoelectric influence and the magnitude of scale factors.