• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.217-221
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• 2007

The domestic cultured Campbell's Early and Geubong grapes were fermented far the production of red wines with the isolated wild yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae IJ850. For the isolation of wild yeast, Geubong and Campbell's Early grapejuices were naturally fermented at room temperature for 6 days without adding stater culture. The strain isolated from Geubong which has 1.8 times higher fermentative ability than the strains isolated Campbell Early was selected. The selected strain was identified by using 26S rDNA sequencing. The strain showed 99.7% of similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and thus identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae IJ850. It was investigated the fermentative ability as the start culture. For the production of grapewine, the final sugar concentrations of grapejuices were adjusted to the $25^{\circ}Brix$ with anhydrous glucose. The grapejuices were fermented at room temperature for 10 days in the air-locked bottles filled with $CO_2$ gas. The final yield and alcohol concentration of Campbell's Early and Geubong grapewines fermented with the isolated wild yeast were 80.8%, 11.0% and 87.8%, 13.0%, respectively. Between the isolated wild yeast S. cerevisiae IJ850 and the commercial yeast S. cerevisiae EC1118, total acidities of grapewines produced with wild yeast were lower than those produced with the commercial yeast. The pH values and the values of color analysis of grapewines produced with both strains were similar. The total phenol contents of campbell's Early and Geubong wines produced with the isolated yeast and the commercial yeast were obtained in the range of 75 to 125mg/L. In conclusion, S. cerevesiae IJ850 isolated from the domestic cultured Geubong grape is able to use to produce grapewines as stater culture.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.684-690
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• 2013

The antioxidant and photoprotective effects of various extracts from the roots of Rumex crispus L. were evaluated. The concentrations ($IC_{50}$) of various extracts required to exert a 50% reducing effect on a DPPH radical were found to be 0.005~0.093 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate extract showed a more remarkable effect than the positive control ascorbic acid. The concentrations ($QC_{50}$) of the butanol and ethyl acetate extracts required to exert a 50% reducing effect on the singlet oxygen $^1O_2$ were found to be 0.464 and 0.365 mg/mL, respectively. Both extracts were also found to protect the in vitro biological system from the detrimental effect of a singlet oxygen $^1O_2$ on type II photosensitization in E. coli and genomic DNA. Among all the tested extracts, the ethyl acetate and butanol extracts contained higher amounts of total phenolic contents. The results suggest that our study may contribute to the development of new bioactive products with potential applications to the reduction of photo-produced oxidative stress involving reactive oxygen species in living organisms.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate feasibility of feedstuff for animal using food waste by fermentation mechanism of indigenous microorganism. To achieve this purpose, indigenous bacteria was isolated from soils to use as an inoculant. Enzyme test was performed to verify activity of amylase, protease and lipase using isolated bacteria. Bacteria(H1, D1), which vigorously express the enzyme activity, was selected and used in the fermentation experiments of food waste. From the analysis of 16s rDNA sequencing, H1 and D1 were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Paenibacillus polymyxa, respectively. In the fermentation experiment, food waste was mixed with rice bran and popped rice to control moisture and nutrient content. Isolated bacteria(B. subtilis and P. polymyxa) was used as an inoculant. From the measured data such as temperature, pH and ORP, it can be verified that food waste adding the indigenous bacteria was effectively fermented. From the nutritional analysis of manufactured feedstuff, it showed that the contents of crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber were enough to use as feedstuff for animal. In addition, harmful components such as Pb, Hg, Cd, aflatoxin and salmonella concentration were not exceeded permitted standards. Therefore, fermented food waste using indigenous bacteria can be used as feedstuff.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2019

This study was conducted to compare the heat stress response and production performance of chicks hatched in winter and summer. Among the 2,090 Korean native chickens examined, 1,156 hatched in winter and 934 hatched in summer. The amount of telomeric DNA, the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) genes, survival rate, egg production, and body weight were analyzed to evaluate the stress response and production performance of chickens. The results showed that the expression of HSP-70, $HSP-90{\alpha}$, and $HSP-90{\beta}$ genes in the winter-hatched chickens were significantly higher than those in the summer-hatched chickens during the growing and laying period (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the amount of telomeric DNA between summer- and winter-hatched chickens. The survival rate was significantly higher in the summer-hatched chickens than in the winter-hatched chickens at the laying period (P<0.01). The hen-day egg production and egg weight in the summer-hatched chickens were also significantly higher than those in the winter-hatched chickens (P<0.05). In contrast, age of sexual maturity of winter-hatched chickens was significantly earlier than that of summer-hatched chickens (P<0.01). The body weights from birth to 24 weeks were significantly lighter in the summer-hatched chickens than in the winter-hatched chickens, however, it was reversed after 28 weeks (P<0.05). In conclusion, the chicks hatched in the summer are more resistant to heat stress, with better productivity than the chicks hatched in the winter. These results suggest that the chicks grown at high temperatures have greater adaptability to the thermal environment.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2024

Cesium is a potential toxic contaminant due to its high solubility, which allows it to easily penetrate the human body and potentially induce cancer or DNA mutations. In this study, oxygen functional groups were introduced on activated carbons (ACs) by ozone treatment to enhance the cesium adsorption capacity. As the ozone treatment time increased, the oxygen content on the ACs surface increased. Subsequently, the electrostatic interaction between ACs and cesium enhanced, resulting in higher cesium ion adsorption efficiency across all samples. In particular, the sample treated with ozone for 7 minutes at an internal ozone concentration of 50000 ppm had roughly 12% greater oxygen functional group content and the highest cesium removal effectiveness (97.6%). Meanwhile, samples treated for 5 minutes showed a 0.3% cesium removal rate difference compared to those treated for 7 minutes, which was caused by the surface chemical similarity of the two samples due to the reactive characteristics of ozone gas. However, the cesium adsorption performance of ozonated activated carbon seems to be mainly influenced by the amount of oxygen functional groups introduced to the surface, although the specific surface area and pore structure of the activated carbon are also important.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.194-198
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• 2015

Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive and facultative anaerobic bacterium that causes many hospital-acquired infections. Novel E. faecalis specific bacteriophage (phage) ECP3 that had been isolated from thirty-four environmental samples and characterized phenotypically and genotypically. ECP3 phage belongs to the family Myoviridae with contractile tail and lysed E. faecalis specifically but other bacteria including Enterococcus faecium. The genome was double-stranded linear DNA and its size was 145,518 bp comprising of 220 open reading frames. The GC content was 35.9%. The genome sequence showed 97% identity in 90% coverage region with Myoviridae phage PhiEF24C. ECP3 is the first E. faecalis-specific Myoviridae phage isolated in Korea which can be a promising antimicrobial agent against E. faecalis infections.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.1243-1248
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• 2010

The physiological activities of Strychnos nux-vomica extracts were investigated through the total phenolic contents (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (RSA), comet assay, and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. S. nux-vomica extracts were prepared with methanol, ethanol, and acetone. The methanol extract showed the highest phenolic content (71 mg/100 g gallic acid equivalents). Pretreatment with S. nux-vomica extracts resulted in significant reductions in oxidative DNA damage at all of the concentrations tested ($1{\sim}50\;{\mu}g/mL$). The $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of a methanol extract was 12.8% at the concentration of 1 mg/mL. Therefore, these results indicate that S. nux-vomica might be a noble potential candidate exhibiting antioxidant and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 1997

Intergeneric hybrids between Aspergillus niger and Perricillium ch~y.sop~um(Tyr ), hyperlipolytic enzyne-producing fungi, were obtained by nuclear transfer technique:. Optimal conditions for formation of intergeneric hybrids were investigated. Maximum production of protoplasts were obtainrd by 1% Novozym 234 at $30^{\circ}C$ for 3 hrs and the most effective osmotic stabilizers for the isolation of protoplasts were 0.6 M KC]. Frequencies of hybrid formation by nuclear transfer were $1.3{\times}$10^{-3}$$ $-3.8{\times}$10^{-3}$$. From the chervation of genetic stability, conidial size, DNA content, ;md nuclear stain, it was suggested that their karyotypes are aneuploid. The hybrids showed 1.4-2.2 fold higher lipase activities than parental strains. It was strongly supported by results of this study that nuclear transfer technique is much more efficient in the formation of intergeneric hybrids than protoplast fusion and is very useful for the improvement of strains.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.325-330
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• 1991

In order to develop yeast strains which can effectively produce ethanol from cellulosic hydrolyzates, protoplast fusion between Candida sp. KM-09-135 and Saccharomyces cweoisiue SM-07 was carried out and obtained the excellent fusant KMS-23. Fusant KMS-23 showed the optimal growth temperature and ethanol productivity at $37^{\circ}C$, and assimilated xylose, cellobiose, maltose and raffinose as fermentative sugars. Cell size of the fusant was about 1.2 times greater than that of KM-09-135 and 1.5 times SM-07. DNA content of fusant was 1.3 times higher than that of SM-07 and similar with KM-09-135. Fusant KMS-23 produced 2.57% (v/v) ethanol from saccharified wheat bran containing 6.44% (w/v) of reducing sugar, which was 1.3 times higher than parent strains under the same conditions.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.124-130
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• 1998

An alkalophilic bacterium, the strain AC-711 as a potent producer of alkaline cellulase, was selected among many isolates from soil environments. Morphological, physiological and chemical characteristics of the strain AC-711 suggested that it belongs to the genus Pseudomonas according to the Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, however the G+C mol% (54.43) of its chromosomal DNA is lower than the normal values of the genus. The major cell wall fatty acids were determined as 15:0 and 17:0 anteiso. The production of alkaline CMCase by the strain was maximal when grown on the mediun containing 1% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.1% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.02% $CoCl_2$, 0.02% Tween 80, 0.5% $Na_2CO_3$, 0.8% yeast extract, pH 10.3 at $30^{\circ}C$ for 3 days, and the most of enzyme was excreted into culture mediun.