• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.369-376
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• 2000

Parameters that represent the characteristic of consolidation have been determined by the oedometer tests. They are varied by the process of sampling and transportation, accuracy of apparatus, process of sample trimming and the skill of engineers. Also, it is difficult to grasp what factor exert a influence on the parameters. In this study, Slurry Rowe Cell Tests were peformed to evaluate the disturbance. Using the plot of e - log p which obtained from Rowe Cell test results, we compared the swelling indexes at the stress relief and the last loading stage. With that result, we tried to presume the disturbance of the 330 oedometer tests. The plot of compression-swelling index at the stress relief considerably scattered but at the last step of load shows a correlations between them. And the plot of depth-p$\sub$c/ shows a correlation with the different swelling indexes, but not in the LL-p$\sub$c/. Consequently, it is considered that the disturbance of the consolidation tests can be presumed by the comparison of the difference of swelling index.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.488-493
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• 2005

In gun stabilization systems, the torque comes from the unbalance mass of gun and the base acceleration is an important source of disturbance which degrades stabilization performance. Fatigue of gear train is another important factor affecting structural safety problems. In this paper, a feedback control gain is designed by optimal control weighting to difference between motor and gun velocity, and a feedforward controller using FXLMS algorithm is adopted to investigate those problems. Experimental results show that the feedforward compensator based on FXLMS can reduce the disturbance effects. The directional convergence property according to initial conditions of the FXLMS is also shown through experiments.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.421-424
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• 2008

In torque transmission system, we must suppressed vibration for Accuracy characteristic response of motor, Therefore, vibration suppression factor is very important motor control. To suppress vibration, a various control method has been proposed. Specially, one method of vibration suppression used disturbance observer filter. This method is torsion torque passing disturbance observer filter. By the estimated torsion torque feedback, vibration can be suppressed. The CDM(coefficient diagram method) is used to design the filter and Proportional controller. But using coefficient diagram method, not adapted controller parameter in disturbance. For this solution, we used fuzzy controller for auto tuning controller parameter. We proved this approach is confirmed by simulation.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.62-71
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to compare sleep patterns, factors of sleep disturbance and sleep enhancement behaviors between sleep disturbance and non-sleep disturbance elderly patients. Method: The participants were 117 patients over 65 years old who were hospitalized at 5 general hospitals in Seoul. There were 83 patients in the good sleeper group and 34 in the poor sleeper group. The survey questionnaires included questions on general characteristics, sleep patterns, sleep disturbing factors, and sleep enhancement behaviors of the patients. Results: For sleep patterns and environmental factors of sleep disturbance, the poor sleepers was significantly higher than that of the good sleepers. Significant differences between good sleepers and poor sleepers were also found on the following variables: Environmental factors of sleep disturbance -'Sound of other patient's or care-giver's', 'Discomfort of bed, linen, pillow and patient's gown', 'Light in the room', 'Emergency situations', 'Temperature of patients rooms too hot or too cold'. The significant physical factor of sleep disturbance was 'Hard to breath even without moving' and for sleep enhancement behaviors: 'Use of ear plugs or eye covers' Conclusion: Consequently it is necessary to develop positive and differentiated programs for sleep enhancement for the inactive and poor sleeper among the elderly patients.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1203-1213
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• 2014

청미천의 일부구간을 대상으로 HEC-RAS를 이용하여 보의 설치 유무에 따른 수리 및 하상변동 특성을 분석하였다. 한국수자원공사(2008)에서 제시한 방법을 이용하여 물리적 교란을 평가하였다. 보의 설치에 따른 하상변동이 큰 구간에서의 물리적 교란점수는 낮게 나타났다. 보의 설치에 따른 하상변동과 그에 따른 물리적 교란영향 범위는 거의 일치하여 하상변동은 하천에서 물리적 교란을 야기하는 중요한 인자임을 확인하였다. 기존 보에 의한 교란의 영향이 없는 상류와 하류 지점에 추가적인 보를 설치할 때는 일정구간에 보의 설치 이전과 유사한 교란점수로 나타나 추가적인 하천교란이 발생하지 않았다. 교란의 영향범위 상류와 하류의 끝단에 추가적인 보를 설치한 경우 전 구간에 걸쳐 교란의 영향 나타났다. 물리적 교란 영향범위가 중첩되도록 상류와 하류에 추가적인 보를 설치한 경우 물리적 교란양상의 중첩으로 전 구간의 교란점수는 매우 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 하천에서 보의 설치는 하상변동과 교란의 영향범위보다 충분히 떨어진 위치에 설치할 때 하천의 물리적 교란을 최소화할 수 있다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.155-170
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• 2016

This study established the definition of invasive disturbance species for a sustainable management and biodiversity, and derived the influence factors caused by the species. To define the species, the paper reviewed similar words such as alien species and invasive species, using standard definitions. Also reviewed the results of recent research on the factors of the species. The paper defined the invasive disturbance species as an species whose establishment and spread threaten ecosystems, habitats or species with economic or environmental harm including native and non-native. Through the reviews, The factors were classified as geographic (altitude, slope, and soil, etc.), climate (temperature, precipitation, climate change, etc.) and, anthropogenic (land use, population, road, and human activity, etc.), and species & vegetation structure (species property, local-species richness, and canopy, etc.). Especially, human activity such as urbanization and highways may be associated with both higher disturbance and higher propagule pressure. In the further study, it is required development of mitigation strategies and vegetation structure model against invasive disturbance species in urban forest based on this study.

• 센서학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2017

With regards to heading estimation using gyroscope and magnetometer signals, magnetic disturbance added in the magnetometer signals is a main degradation factor in the estimation accuracy. Although there are a number of existing mechanisms that may properly compensate for the magnetic disturbances, they are designed to react only to the magnetic disturbances, but not to the time derivative of disturbances. Note that the sensors may experience abrupt changes in the magnetic disturbances, particularly for ambulatory applications. This paper proposes a magnetic disturbance model-embedded heading estimation filter for time-varying magnetic environments. The proposed magnetic disturbance model is based on a first-order Markov chain with a conditional switching technique depending on the time derivative of disturbances. Once a high amount of derivative is detected, the corrupted magnetometer signals are discarded to protect the filter from them. In our experimental results, the averaged heading error of tests was $1.46^{\circ}$, while that of the original approach without switching was $5.75^{\circ}$.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.392-403
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• 2018

Purpose: To identify factors associated with menstrual distress and characterize the relationship between menstrual distress and sleep disturbance in middle-school girls. Methods: Participants in this correlational study were 117 middle-school girls who were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected from March 2018 to April 2018 using self-reported structured questionnaires and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. Factors associated with menstrual distress included physiological, psychological, and situational factors based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms. Results: Age of menarche (${\beta}=-.28$, p<.001), amount of menstruation (${\beta}=.23$, p=.004), lifestyle-related exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (${\beta}=.21$, p=.027), and academic and peer-relationship stress (${\beta}=.19$, p=.025) influenced menstrual distress, explaining 47.4% of the variance in this regression model. The relationship between menstrual distress and sleep disturbance was statistically significant. Sleep disturbance was increased 1.26 folds when dysmenorrhea score increased by one unit (OR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.01~1.58). However, parental support was not a significant moderating factor of sleep disturbance. Conclusion: This study provides basis to develop an intervention strategy to alleviate menstrual discomfort in adolescents and improve their quality of sleep.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1995

This study was done in order to investigate the etiology and pathology of dementia in the variety literature. Dementia in elderly persons(above the age of 60) mainly classfied Alzheimer disease and Cerebral vascular dementia. The results were as follows: 1. Dementia patients have abnormal mental function, who have no mental weakness but defects of memory, verbal disturbance, behavior disturbance and loss of intellectual function. 2. Dementia regard as 'me-beng(?病)', 'jeon-gwang(癲狂)', and 'heo-ro(虛勞)' in oriental medicine and the symptom is a silence with no response, mixing, a crying or a laugh, a stranger behavior and a amnesia; disturbances of speech, emotion, behavior. 3. Dementia caused by Alzheimer disease, Multi infarct dementia, Parkinson's disease, sequelae of acute CO poisoning, head injury and alcoholism(occidental medically) and the 'Dam(痰) and Damhwa(痰火), weakness of heart and spleen(心脾虛) caused by pent up anger of seven emotions(七情鬱結), the weakness of liver and kidney(肝腎不足)(oriental medically). 4. The causes of Alzheimer disease are various; a heredity factor, a morphological factor of brain tissues, a psychological factor and a biochemical factor (occidental medically) ; the 'Dam(痰) and Damhwa(痰火) caused by weakness of the internal organs and disturbance of the emotions(oriental medically). 5. Cerebral vascular dementia caused by loss of the certain cerebral neurons and oriental medically caused by obstruction of 'dam(痰)' or 'eo heul(瘀血)'. It is recommended that further study of many sided investigations, specially against a weakness of spiritual functions and a certain neurotoxin in the future.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.39-51
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• 1996

In the turning maneuver of the vehicle, its motion is mainly dependent on the genuine steering characteristics in view of the directional stability for stable turning ability. The under steer vehicle has an ability to maintain its own directonal performance for unknown external disturbances to some extent. From a few years ago, in order to acquire the more enhanced handling performance, some types of four wheel steering vehicle were considered and constructed. And, various rear wheel control logics for external disturbances has not been suggested. For this reason, in this posed rear wheel control logic is based on the yaw rate feed back type and is slightly modified by an yaw rate tuning factor for more stable turning performance. And an external disturbance is defined as a motivation of the additional yaw rate in the center of gravity by an uncertain input. In this study, an external disturbance is applied to the vehicle as a form of the additional yawing moment. Finally, the proposed rear wheel control logic is tested on the multi-body analysis software(ADAMS). J-turn and double lane change test are performed for the validation of the control logic.