• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2013

Purpose: The application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is beneficial for joint movements, inhibition of spasticity, and the improvement of walking ability in patients with chronic hemiplegia. This study aimed to identify the effect of the application of TENS to the knee extensor on the affected side with respect to postural-sway distance and velocity during the sit-to stand movement. Methods: We included 19 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia in this study. They underwent measurements during the sit-to stand movement on a force plate with 5 different stimulation dosages applied over 7 s:No TENS, high-frequency and high intensity TENS, high-frequency and low intensity TENS, low-frequency and high intensity TENS, and low-frequency and low intensity TENS The 5 different condition were administered in random order. Results: The group that received TENS application exhibited a significant decrease in path length and average velocity of center of pressure (COP) displacement compared with the group that did not receive TENS application. TENS dosage at low frequency (3Hz) and high intensity yielded a significant decrease in path length, average velocity, mediolateral distance and anteroposterior distance of COP displacement (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the effectiveness of the application of low-frequency TENS on STS performance. These findings provide useful information on the application of TENS for the reduction of postural sway during the sit-to-stand movement after stroke.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of clinical balance tests through the correlation of balance evaluation using by forceplate in elderly. Methods : Thirty nine healthy elderly subjects (14 males, 25 females) participated in the study. The subjects were evaluated with clinical balance tests [(Berg balance scale (BBS), Functional reach test (FRT), Tinetti's performance oriented mobility assessment (POMA), and one leg standing (OLS)]. Static balance evaluation was assessed by using forceplate. Center of pressure (COP) parameters were obtained using it as total path distance, total sway area, X mean frequency and Y mean frequency for 20 seconds in the following conditions: (1) comfortable standing with eyes opened and closed, (2) uncomfortable standing with eyes opened and closed. After static balance evaluation tested, dynamic balance evaluation was assessed. COP parameters were error distance and area during sine curve trace. COP parameters were movement time, error distance, and maintained time in the circle during COP movement task. Results : Clinical balance tests showed statistically significant correlation between static and dynamic balance evaluations. Among the clinical balance tests, the BBS, POMA, and OLS showed significant correlation with to assess the balance ability of elderly in clinical setting both evaluations. Conclusion : Clinical balance tests can be recommended in clinical setting because of low costs and simplicity.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.241-252
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate performance characteristics in the success of team attack during volleyball game. Three dimensional analysis was performed with games of business teams. Analyzed variables were followed by the movement distance of a setter when A-quick was occurred, the position during the spike, the possibility area during the attack, the right and left distance of the assistance attacker, the distance between attacker and blocker, and the distance between blockers each others. 1. It is recommended that the movement distance of the setter be decreased in order to make stable set condition. 2. In order to make one person blocking, the formation was to be consisted of the right and left formation which was associated with the progressive attack performance of the assistance attacker. 3. It is useful to widen attack area. Also it is necessary to improve the enhancement of passing the ball against the blocking of an opponent player. Finally, it is necessary to develop kinematic variables to evaluate performance characteristics of players. Further study may consider the best defense position against the attack of the opponent player.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.526-534
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• 2001

Purpose : The objective of this study is to ascertain whether the positive exists among the frenum length, the tongue movement and the speech and to present the normal range of tongue movement and guidelines for the choice of surgery, observation if necessary. Materials and Methods : 180 patients were evaluated. We divided 180 patients into 6 group by age. Each group was separated as follows; the age of 2.5-4, 5-6, 7-9, 10-12, 16-18. We measured the frenal length, the range of tongue motion and evaluated the speech so that we really questioned about the positive relationship between the tongue-tie and speech. We let the patient exercise the protrusive both(right, left) laterotrusive superior movement of the tongue. During these movements, we measured the distance between the vermilion border and the tongue tip. We also measured the distance from the tongue tip to the point contacting the upper lip with dorsum of the tongue during the maximal protrusive movement of the tongue. Three linear measurement of the anterior, inferior segment of the tongue including the lingual frenum, are made. These measurements are as follows: 1. Distance A. Free anterior portion of the tongue from the point of frenular insertion to the tongue tip. 2. Distance B. The distance from the initiating point of the lingual frenum to the point connecting the two sublingual carundcles to the lingual frenum perpendicularly. 3. Distance C. The distance from the point contacting the line crossing the sublingual caruncles with the lingual frenum to the terminating point of the lingual frenum. We transform three linear measures into a statistical ratio, A/(A-B+C), representing the length of the free portion of the tongue compared with the total sublingual dimensions. In addition, we assessed the speech through Picture Consonant Articulation Test(PCAT) and tried to find out the relationship between the length of the lingual frenum and speech. Conclusion : As people are born, they have small and restricted tongue. As people grow old, tongue motions are more liberate, and unrestricted and they can speak so freely. Therefore we suggest that until age 5, oral and maxillofacial surgeons postpone the surgery if not urgent, evaluate the maximal lingual motions and PCAT according to this article and observe their changes.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2008

The loss, alteration, and fragmentation of habitat have led to a reduction of biodiversity. The growing awareness of the negative effects of habitat fragmentation on natural systems has resulted in conservation strategy that is concerned with not only population and habitat level but also ecosystem and landscape level. Especially, ecological network to link core areas or major habitat patches is one of the most important issues. Recently, landscape connectivity is increasingly used in decision making for fragmented landscape management in order to conserve the biodiversity in the regional scale. The objective of this study was to find potential forest as a ecological corridor in Go-yang city, Gyung-gi province using cost-distance modelling method that can measure connectivity based on animal movement. 'Least cost-distance' modelling based on functional connectivity can be useful to establish ecological network and biodiversity conservation plan. This method calculates the distance modified with the cost to move between habitat patches based on detailed geographical information on the landscape as well as behavioural aspects of the animal movement. The least cost-distance models are based on two biologically assumptions: (1) dispersers have complete knowledge of their surroundings, and (2) they do select the least cost route from this information. As a result of this study, we can find wildlife moving route for biodiversity conservation. The result is very useful for long-term aspect of biodiversity conservation plan in regional scale, because this is reflection of geographical information and behavioural aspects of the animal movement.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1624-1630
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• 2019

세계적으로 스마트 디바이스 보급률이 증가하면서 운동 체크 등과 관련된 서비스들이 주목받고 있다. 그러나 기존 운동량 측정 서비스의 경우 고도 정보를 사용하지 않거나, GPS 고도 오차를 보정하지 않은 알고리즘을 사용하기 때문에 제공되는 운동거리 등이 정확하지 않다는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존의 문제점을 개선하기 위해 Kalman-filter를 기반으로 GPS와 기압고도계 센서 융합 알고리즘을 통해 고도 값 정확도 향상 및 좌표평면 사이거리 계산을 통해 Kalman-filter 기반 사용자 운동거리 측정 알고리즘을 설계 및 구현하였다. 설계한 알고리즘을 기존 알고리즘들과 비교한 결과, 기존 알고리즘에 비해 평균 약 2.17%의 정확도가 향상된 것을 확인하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.686-691
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• 2008

This paper proposes the concept of "virtual sensor data" and its application for real time obstacle avoidance. The virtual sensor data is virtual distance which takes care of the movement of the obstacle as well as that of the robot. In practical application, the virtual sensor data is calculated from the odometry data and the range sensor data. The virtual sensor data can be used in all the methods which use distance data for collision avoidance. Since the virtual sensor data considers the movement of the robot and the obstacle, the methods utilizing the virtual sensor data results in more smooth and safer collision-free motion.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1006-1008
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• 2003

Position controls are very important in semiconductor manufacturing devices, machine tools precision measuring instruments, etc. to measure the distance of movement of moving objects in minute units and the accuracy of measurement for the moving distance in these devices affect the performance of the whole devices. Therefore, in those precision instruments, a sensing device that can measure the distance of movement with high-precision resolution is required. In this paper, a novel encoder of digital and analog hybrid type is proposed. It is shown that from this experiment a high-resolution angle measurement device can be designed by a low cost incremental encoder.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.1508-1512
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• 2005

본 논문은 홍채의 수평이동과 수직이동거리를 측정하여 홍채움직임에 따라 화면커서가 실시간으로 추적하고 정합시키기 위한 연구이다. 홍채의 중심좌표가 이동한 거리와 방향에 따라 화면커서가 추적되고 정합된다. 실험에 의해 홍채의 이동과 화면거리 및 크기에 대해 서로 일치시키기 위한 최적 값을 구하고 오차범위를 줄인다.

• 산업공학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2002

An efficient mobility management for mobile stations plays an important role in mobile communication network. In this study, we consider movement-based registration(MBR) and distance-based registration(DBR). Analytical models based on 2-dimensional random walk in hexagonal cell configuration are considered to analyze the performance of MBR and DBR. Especially, we focus on the derivation of the registration cost of DBR scheme by using two analytical methods and then show that DBR always outperforms MBR. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate optimal condition under various circumstances.