• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.533-538
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• 2005

Due to its safety and softness, autologous fat transplantation has been commonly performed for soft tissue correction. However, the injected fat is absorbed resulting in the reduction of volume of the graft by 40-60% within a few months. Thus, there was an attempt to use adipocytes differentiated from preadipocytes in vitro for transplantation. Differentiated adipocytes were biocompatible and matured with gradual volume increase at transplantation site in clinical study(unpublished data). In addition, they did not induce immune rejection in response to nonself lymphocytes in a mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR)(unpublished data). The purpose of this study is to differentiate mouse preadipocytes following labeling into adipocytes to establish an animal model for allogenic transplantation. Preadipocytes isolated from inguinal and retroperitoneal fat pad of C57BL/6 mice were proliferated with growth medium by passage 3 and differentiated into adipocytes with different culture conditions after labeled with BrdU. At most suitable conditions, above 90% of preadipocytes were differentiated and BrdU labeling did not affect differentiation rate and function of differentiated adipocytes. These results demonstrate that BrdU-labeled adipocytes resulting from this in vitro differentiation protocol are useful for allogenic transplantation study.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.231-240
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• 2007

It has been reported the higher incidence rate of gastric cancer in our country. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), that exhibited a higher infection rate among Korean people, has been known as a cofactor to cause cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify correlations among overexpressions of COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) gene, p53 mutation and cell proliferation index related to H. pylori. Taking 28 cases of gastric cancer with H. pylori detection, immunohistochemical staining for COX-2, p53 and Ki-67 were performed. In the H. pylori positive group, the well differentiated type and diffuse type of gastric cancer were distributed in larger area and the expression rate of COX-2 was revealed high. The H. pylori negative group showed higher p53 expression than that of the positive group. However, the statistical correlation between H. pylori and histopathological factors was not observed. The significantly higher expression of COX-2 had were observed in both well differentiated type and the intestinal type of gastric cancer. Although there were no statistical significances, this showed a higher inclination of manifest in the early gastric cancer. p53 exhibited a higher tendency of expression in the well differentiated, moderately differentiated and the intestinal type of gastric cancers including the early gastric cancer. Ki-67 was expressed in a significantly higher fashion along with the increase of age. In addition, it was significantly expressed in well differentiated type and intestinal type of gastric cancer. Therefore, these results suggest that H. pylori, COX-2, p53, and Ki-67 influences on the new occurrence of gastric cancer and its development procedures. In the future, the more researches would be required to focus on a larger category relative to gene expressions in gastric cancer.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.43-48
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• 2004

인터넷 환경에서 실시간 서비스에 대한 제공을 위해 제안된 RTP(Real-time Transport Protocol)는 실시간 전송 프로토콜로서 스트림형 데이터 전송을 목적으로 한 프의토콜이다. RTP는 기본적으로 RTCP(Real-time Transport Control Protocol)와 쌍을 이루어 동작하며, RTCP는 현재 네트워크의 상태 정보를 전달한다. RTP는 종단 시스템에서 실행되고, 디멀티플랙싱을 제공하는 전송 프로토콜의 중요한 특성을 가지고 있다. 또한, TCP 같은 전송 프로토콜에서 제공하지 못하는 신뢰성과, 프로토콜에 정의된 흐름/혼잡제어를 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 RTP상에서 동작하는 Differentiated Service의 개념과 구조를 살펴보고, Differentiated Service상에서 효율적인 패킷전송을 위해 CBQ(Class-Based Queuing)을 사용한 패킷 전송 모델의 파라미터를 설정함으로써 각자의 서비스 큐를 적절하게 제어하고, WRR(Weighted Round Robin)과 PRR(Packet-by-packet Round Robin) 같은 패킷 스케줄링 기법을 통해서 모든 서비스 클래스들이 기아현상을 경험하지 않고 공평한 스케줄링이 이루어지도록 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통해 성능을 확인한다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.718-722
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• 1999

14세 여자 환자에서 무증상의 전종격동 낭성 종괴가 있어 절제적 생검을 시행하여 고분화성 흉선암종의 광범위한 낭성 변화로 확진되어 제1기의 흉선종을 완전 적출 후 방사선 치료 혹은 병합화학요법 없이 추후 흉부전산화단층촬영 예정으로 외래에서 경과 관찰 중인 1예를 경험하여 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 수업 시간에 바로 활용할 수 있는 보다 향상된 사회과 수준별 교육 방안을 제안한다. 현재까지 제시된 수준별 교육방법들이 실제 학교에서 적용되지 못한 이유는 크게 두 가지를 들 수 있다. 하나는 수준별 교육이 개별학습 위주로 이루어져서 학습자는 개별과제 위주의 자율학습을 하고, 교사는 개별과제 개발 및 관리에 시간을 보내게 됨으로써 수준별 교육이 비효율적으로 진행되는 것이다. 다른 하나는 수준별 교육을 위한 수준 판정시 총점에서 기준 점수를 근거로 심화반과 보충반으로 분류함으로써 학습자의 수준을 제대로 구별할 수 없다는 것이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여, 본 논문에서는 수준별 수업시 비슷한 수준의 학습자들이 협동학습을 하여 학습효과를 놀이도록 하였고, 소단원별로 평가하여 영역별 수준 학습이 이루어지도록 하였다. 본 논문에서 제안된 수준별 교육 방법을 중학교 1학년 사회과 과목에 적용해 본 결과 학업성취도가 향상됨을 확인하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3213-3217
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• 2013

Background: P-glycoprotein (Pgp), encoded by the multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene, is an efflux transporter which plays an important role in pharmacokinetics. The current preliminary study was designed to determine associations between a germ-line polymorphism in the MDR1 gene with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Materials and Methods: In the current case-control study, 60 differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC)- 45 papillary TC (PTC), 9 follicular TC(FTC) and 6 well-differentiated tumors of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP) were examined. Results were compared to a healthy control group (n=58) from the same population. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood with EDTA and the target gene was genotyped by real-time PCR. Results: Carriers of the variant allele of MDR1 exon 26 polymorphism were at 2.8-fold higher risk of DTC than the control group (odds ratio [OR]: 0.3805, 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 0.1597-0.9065 (p> 0.046). Conclusions: Presented results suggest that the MDR1 3435TT genotype might influence risk of development of DTC and that the CC genotype might be linked to a poor prognosis. Large-scale studies are now needed to validate this association.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.156-166
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• 2005

EPON(Ethernet Passive Optical Network)은 최근 활발하게 연구되고 있는 경제적이고 효율적인 가입자 접속망이다. 차세대 접속망인 EPON의 MAC(Media Access Control) 프로토콜은 TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access)방식을 기본으로 QoS(Quality of Service)를 보장하기 위한 다양한 대역폭 할당 방식이 제안되고 있다. 기존에 제안된 방식은 고순위(high priority) 트래픽에 대한 요구 대역폭에 일정한 비율의 대역폭을 추가하여 대역폭을 할당함에 따라 전체 싸이클 시간이 증가하여 패킷 지연 시간이 길어지는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 QoS 기반의 EPON에서 차등 서비스(differentiated service)를 지원하는 동적 대역폭 할당을 위하여 기존에 제안된 방식의 문제점을 해결하는 효율적인 차등 대역폭할당 방식 DBGA(Differentiated Bandwidth Gurrantee Allocation)을 제안한다. DBGA는 효율적으로 공평하게 사용자에게 대역폭을 할당하고 고순위(high priority) 트래픽에 대하여 평균 및 최대 패킷 지연에서 우수한 성능을 보여준다. 제안된 방식의 성능을 분석하고 효율성을 검증하기 의하여 OPNET을 이용하여 EPON을 모델링하고 시뮬레이션을 한다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.207-218
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• 2011

초등 수학 영재교육에서 학생들의 개인차, 학생들의 흥미와 관심, 수준별 교육, 수학적으로 능동적인 학습자의 특징 등과 같은 개념들이 중요하게 인식되고 있다. 본 연구는 초등 영재교육에서 영재학생들의 개인차를 고려한 수학 수업의 가능성을 모색한 연구로, 영재학생들의 개인차를 고려하여 수업을 진행할 수 있도록 개별화 수업 모형을 연구하였으며, 이 모형에 따른 수학 영재 학습 자료를 개발하였다. 그리고 개별화 수업의 효과를 영재학생들의 자기주도 학습능력의 변화, 학습 만족도를 통하여 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 수학 영재교육의 다양한 수업 모형 개발 및 적용, 개별화 수업의 활성화에 관련된 후속 연구의 기초 자료가 될 것으로 보인다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.241-246
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• 1997

It has become evident in recent years that parathyroid adenoma and well differentiated thyroid cancer occur together more than would be expected by chance alone. However, the association between them is not well understood. We have experienced 4 cases of coexistent parathyroid adenoma and well-differentiated thyroid cancer during the past 16 years. None of them had a familial incidence or a history of radiation exposure. Three cases showed symptomatic hypercalcemia(including renal stones, bone pain, joint pain) and in two of them(patient 1 and patient 2), thyroid abnormalities were detected preoperatively by neck ultrasonography or neck CT for evaluation of parathyroid lesions. However, in patient 3, a parathyoid humor was identified and removed incidentally during the course of thyroidectomy. In 3 cases, surgeries for thyroid carcinoma and parathyroid adenoma were performed during the same exploration of the neck, but in patient 4, thyroidectomy preceded parathyroidectomy; The interval between thyroidectomy and subsequent parathyroidectomy was 11 yeras. The thyroid tumors in 3 cases were papillary carcinoma, the sizes of which ranged from 1.0 cm to 1.5 cm in greatest diameter. The remaining case(patient 4) was minimal invasive follicular carcinoma. Total or near-total thyroidectomy with various types of cervical lymphnode dissection and bilateral neck exploration for the parathyroid lesion was performed in 3 cases with papillary carcinoma. Ipsilateral lobectomy and contralateral partial thyroidectomy with consequent unilateral neck exploration for the parathyroid tumor was performed in the case of follicular cancer. In our experience, parathyroid adenoma and well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas can be coexistent and we felt that the attention to the hypercalcemic patients would be needed for detection of this rare condition.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.214-219
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• 1998

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of the low-dose(30mCi) I-131 ablation therapy for remnant thyroid tissue following total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer. Methods: Between March 1995 and December 1997, forty-eight patients were given ablative doses(30mCi) of I-131 after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer in the presence of I-131 uptake in remnant thyroid tissue. Effective ablation of remnant thyroid tissue was determined by following I-131 whole body scan. if remnant thyroid tissue remained, we repeated the same management at 6 months interval. Results: Thirty-eight(79.1%) patients had papillary, 8(16.7%) follicular, 1(2.1%) medullary and 1(2.1%) Hurthle cell type cancer. Forty-eight patients underwent total thyroidectomy, among those central neck dissection was performed in 35 cases, and modified radical neck dissection in 14 cases. Postoperative complication developed in 8 cases, which included 4 cases of transient hypoparathyroidism, 1 case of permanent hypoparathyroidism, 2 cases of transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, and 1 case of wound hematoma. There were significant remnant thyroid tissue in 46 cases(95.8%) of patients after total thyroidectomy, which could be ablated by low dose(30mCi) I-131. There were no statistical difference between operative procedures and number of treatment of I-131. Conclusions: These results suggested that repeated low-dose(30mCi) I-131 therapy would be needed, therefore, high -dose I-131 therapy could be considered as ablation therapy for the remnant thyroid tissue after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer.