• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.13 no.8
• /
• pp.313-323
• /
• 2019

For the actors on video, facial expression acting can easily become 'forced facial expression' or 'over-acting'. Also, if self-restraint is emphasized too much, then it becomes 'flat acting' with insufficient emotions. By bringing forth questions in regard to such facial expression acting methods, this study analyzed the facial expression acting of the actors in genre dramas with strong commercial aspects. In conclusion, the facial expression acting methods of the actors in genre dramas were being conducted in a typical way. This means that in visual conventions of video acting, the aesthetic standard has become the important standard in the facial expression acting of the actors. In genre dramas, the emotions of the characters are often revealed in close-up shots. Within the close-up shot, the most important expressive medium in a 'zoomed-in face' is the 'pupil of the eye', and emotions are mostly expressed through the movements of the eye and muscles around it. The second most important expressive medium is the 'mouth'. The differences in the degree of opening and closing the mouth convey diverse emotions along with the expression of the 'eye'. In addition, tensions in the facial muscles greatly hinder the expression of emotions, and the movement of facial muscles must be minimized to prevent excessive wrinkles from forming on the surface of the face. Facial expressions are not completed just with the movement of the muscles. Ultimately, the movement of the muscle is the result of emotions. Facial expression acting takes place after having emotional feelings. For this, the actor needs to go through the process of 'personalization' of a character, such as 'emotional memory', 'concentration' and 'relaxation' which are psychological acting techniques of Stanislavsky. Also, the characteristics of close-up shots that visually reveal the 'inner world' should be recognized. In addition, it was discovered that the facial expression acting is the reaction acting that provides the important point in the unfolding of narratives, and that the method of facial expression and the size of the shots required for the actors are different depending on the roles of main and supporting characters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.475-484
• /
• 2011

International price of cereal has been dramatically increasing for the past few years. This price hike amplified the importance of food self-sufficiency in numerous countries due to the fact that food security is directly proportional to food self-sufficiency. In this study, we conducted a survey to provide useful information of Cambodia's agricultural environment to possible Korean agricultural investors and as to highlight Cambodia as a strong candidate for the establishment of Korea's foreign base for cereal production. The survey conducted includes information regarding Cambodia's agricultural environment and investment circumstances including the political, economical and other contributing factors affecting agricultural investment in Cambodia. Seventy percent of the Cambodia's total population engage in agriculture and this comprises about 30% of the country's GDP. This statistics reflects the possibility of Cambodia's poverty alleviation which proves that agriculture in Cambodia is the driving force for the improvement of the country's economy. In addition, low labor cost, fertile land, abundant water resources, like the Tonle sap lake and the Mekong river, and unreclaimed lands are the strong points that could attract agricultural investors to Cambodia. Poor infrastructure, irrigation systems, law reforms, including social and cultural differences may be the biggest setbacks for the acceleration of Cambodia's agriculture development. However, the Cambodian government is open and willing to make adjustments for Cambodia to be both foreign and domestic agricultural investor-friendly, expecting that it will boost its country's agricultural development. Making the best out of this opportunity, the coordination of KOICA with Korean agricultural investors in building infrastructures and with the help of the KOPIA program for the transfer of agricultural technology will benefit both countries and will play an important role in Cambodia's agriculture.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.127-144
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to compare the perceptions of loneliness, death anxiety, and social capital among older adults living in urban and rural communities and to examine the moderating effects of social capital on the relationship between loneliness and death anxiety. Utilizing the survey data collected by the Aging Society and Social Capital Research Center in 2018, we analyzed 839 older adults living in urban areas and 322 rural older adults living in rural areas. We used descriptive statistics, results from t-tests, and χ² tests to compare the rates of loneliness, social capital, and death anxiety perceived by older adults across urban and rural areas. The moderating effects of social capital on the relationship between loneliness and death anxiety were tested by logistic regression analyses for each group of urban and rural older adults. Compared to older adults living in rural areas, a greater number of older adults in urban areas reported death anxiety and higher levels of loneliness. However, the perceived levels of social capital were higher among rural older adults. The moderating effects of social capital on the relationship between loneliness and death anxiety were not found among older adults living in urban area, but, for older adults living in rural areas, social capital including social cohesion and social support moderated the relationship between loneliness and death anxiety. The results of this study suggest that regional differences shown in the perceptions of loneliness, death anxiety, and social capital should be addressed, when considering extensions of social capital and related interventions to deal with loneliness and death anxiety among older adults.

• Korean Journal of Health Psychology
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.277-292
• /
• 2009

This study investigated the responses of the autonomic nervous system of individuals with Type D personality during an acute stressful situation. Twenty-three female students of Type D personality and 23 female students with non-Type D personality. Stroop Color-Word Task was used to induce a stressful situation, heart rate variability (HRV) was used to measure the responses of the autonomic nervous system during the baseline, acute stress, recovery periods. To analyze the data, the repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the autonomic nervous system of the Type D group to that of the non-Type D group. Regression analysis is used to determine if the Type D scale and stress vulnerability predicted the activities of the autonomic nervous system during the baseline period. The results of this study demonstrated that the Type D group's normalized low frequency (LF norm) and ratio of low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF ratio) were higher than those for the non-Type D group, while its normalized high frequency (HF norm) was lower than that for the non-Type D group in all three periods. There were no statistically significant differences among the three periods in terms of LF norm, HF norm, and LF/HF ratio in the Type D group. The study demonstrated that the total scores of the Type DS-14 and scores of social inhibition and negative affect were independent predictors of LF norm and HF norm during the baseline. The Type D group showed increased activation of the sympathetic nervous system and/or decreased activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. These results support the hypothesis that the Type D personality is vulnerable to the stress. Also, the highly activated sympathetic and/or lowly activated parasympathetic nervous systems, which were observed in the Type D group during the baseline, indicated that the Type D individual is susceptible to psychosomatic disorders.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.485-503
• /
• 2012

Academic engagement has been known as a strong predictor of students' cognitive and affective outcomes in an educational context. Despite increasing interest and theoretical usefulness of this construct, a few researchers seem to be interested in the validation of instruments to measure academic engagement for Korean students. Thus, this study would like to introduce one of academic scales widely used, UWES-S(Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Student) (Schaufeli et al., 2002a: 2002b) and to validate the UWES-S for Korean college students. To validate the Korean version of the UWES-S, 651 college students (285 for Field Trial, 366 for Main Study) were used. The procedure is as follows. First, we used an integrated adaptation procedure to produce a Korean version of the UWES-S. Second, EFA(exploratory factor analyses) was applied to explore the factor structure of the UWES-S on the field trial data. Third, the psychometric properties of the UWES-S items were examined by graded response model(GRM). Also CFA(confirmatory factor analysis) was used to examine its internal construct validity for the data from the main study. Finally, the external validity of the UWES-S was scrutinized with the related variables such as academic motivation and satisfaction. As a result, the Korean version of the UWES-S with 13 items was accepted that the four items were excluded from its original version. Second, the internal validity was supported that the 3 factor CFA model(vigor, dedication, absorption) fit the data well. Third, we supported the partial mediation model that academic engagement played as a mediating variable between academic motivation(internal/external) and academic satisfaction. Finally, the differences between a validation of UWES-S for Korean college and high school students, the necessity of construct equivalence testing, and direction for future research of scale validating were discussed.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.471-499
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop a program that reduces adolescent delinquency and enhances adolescents' social problem-solving, emotional regulation, and self-control skills and to assess the effectiveness of the program. The program was administered in the form of a role-playing game ("RPG") to increase the participants' motivation to participate in and the effectiveness of the therapy. The subjects in this study were 36 adolescents who engaged in delinquent behavior and their 18 homeroom teachers in middle schools located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental group or the comparison group. The experimental group received the proposed RPG-based cognitive behavioral group therapy while comparison group received problem-solving group therapy. Teachers in the experimental group were educated about how to guide their students following each therapy session while teachers in the comparison group did not receive any education. The dependent variables in this study were incidences of delinquent behavior and social problem-solving, emotional regulation, and self-control skill level. Each variable was assessed before treatment, immediately after the end of the full treatment program, and two months after the end of the full treatment program. At the end of the full treatment program, the experimental group engaged statistically significantly in fewer delinquent behaviors and displayed statistically significantly higher levels of social problem-solving, emotional regulation, and self-control skills than the comparison group. These differences persisted until the assessment two months after the end of the full treatment program. Moreover, the experimental group reported higher levels of satisfaction with the treatment program than the comparison group. The findings of this study suggest that this RPG-based cognitive behavioral group therapy program is effective at reducing adolescent delinquency, improving adolescents' social and emotional management techniques and strategies for avoiding delinquency, and in motivating delinquent adolescents to engage more actively in treatment.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
• /
• no.23
• /
• pp.185-212
• /
• 2011

Buddhist dance (seungmu) is a crux and highlight of Korean traditional dance; its aesthetics and technique are extraordinary, and Korean dance's unique style is well expressed. The Buddhist dance, which has been descended, is divided into Han Yeong Suk style, which is designated as Important Intangible Asset Number 27, and Lee Mae Bang style. While the two dances are same one, area is difference and they have unique style because of genealogical difference. However, studies on Buddhist dance so far have focused on single style's dance, or comparison of regional aspects (Han Yeong Suk dance is from Gyeonggi and Lee Mae Bang dance is from Honam area). But, Lee Byeong Ok suggested traditional artist dance is differed by male dance genealogy and female dance (gibang) genealogy dance, and while folk dance has storng tie with region, but artist dance has weak regional tie. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to study genealogical character of Buddhist dance's dancing style, clarifying Han Yeong Suk dance is male dance genealogy and Lee Mae Bang dance is gibang dance genealogy. In other words, among three theses that compared Lee Mae Bang and Han Yeong Suk dances, one analyzing movement, one comparing dance of invocation and one comparing traditional ballad, are re-analyzed from genealogical perspective and characteristics are comparatively analzyed. The overall summary of the genealogical attitude of the Han Yeong Suk and Lee Mae Ban dances is; First, Han's dance has masculinity, upwardness, progressiveness, activeness, outgoing character, boldness and grace, which are character of male dance lineage, while Lee's dance shows feminity, downwardness, backwardness, aesthecity, inwardness, delicacy and coquette. Second, the most expressed parts of the attitude of two dances are genealogical character, and then are original and regional characters. Third, two dances have strong genealogical attitude, but also has anti-genealogical attitude since the gender of descendent was changed, in other words Lee Mae Bang was man, and Han Yeong Suk was woman. Fourth, even though the two Buddhist dances have different genealogy and region, they share similarities as traditional dance descended in the same time period, so there are many common features. In other words, the two dances are Korean nation's dance and from same time period, but they should not be mixed, either. Even though they have small differences, they must keep each genealogy and descend to the next generation.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
• /
• no.38
• /
• pp.143-191
• /
• 2019

This research argues that Pansori had patrons in its development. Patrons are commonly discussed aspect of history of any art form. Pansori is no exception. While Pansori originally began as the art of the common people, Yangban class became the primary audience. This paper examines the role of royal family of Choson dynasty in development of Pansori. Heungseon Daewongun (흥선대원군) in particular was a Pansori aficionado. The record around Daewongun's involvement to Pansori proves that heavy monetary investment was made. He hosted Pansori competitions and sponsored creation of Pansori tradition, Boseong Sori (보성소리) and Gangsanje (강산제). Also the aspect of Pansori patronage lies not just in Yangban class, but also in Jung'in class, which is roughly analoguous to European bourgeois in that they were not of Yangban class, but had gained monetary status, and had aesthetics of both Yangban and commoner class. I argue that Heungseon Daewongun's ties to the Jung'in class is reflected in his actions towards Pansori artists. The traditions he had sponsored have important characteristics, including sophisticated lyrics heavily utilizing Classical Chinese poetry, highly artistic musical composition, and conservative Confucian ethics. Those characteristics indicate that the Pansori traditions sponsored by the royal patrons have changed to cater to their artistic taste and philosophy. This paper conducts a textual comparative analysis between Gangsanje Pansori Jeokbyeokga (강산제 판소리 적벽가), Dongpyeonje's Pansori Jeokbyeokga (동편제 판소리 적벽가), and Seopyeonje Pansori Jeokbyeokga, who share the same plot yet offers a stark differences in tone, philosophy, and sense of humor. Daewongun was a primary sponsor of Pansori, which proves that Yangban class and the royal family have played important role as patrons of Pansori.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.378-383
• /
• 2019

To determine whether FT-IR spectral analysis based on multivariate analysis for whole cell extracts can be used to discriminate papaya at metabolic level. FT-IR spectral data from leaves were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). FT-IR spectra confirmed typical spectral differences between the frequency regions of 1,700-1,500, 1,500-1,300 and 1,100-950 cm^-1, respectively. These spectral regions were reflecting the quantitative and qualitative variations of amide I, II from amino acids and proteins (1,700-1,500 cm^-1), phosphodiester groups from nucleic acid and phospholipid (1,500-1,300 cm^-1) and carbohydrate compounds (1,100-950 cm^-1). The result of PCA analysis showed that papaya leaves could be separated into clusters depending on different growth temperature. In this case, showed discrimination confirmed according to metabolite content of growth condition from papaya. And PLS-DA analysis also showed more clear discrimination pattern than PCA result. Furthermore, these metabolic discrimination systems could be applied for rapid selection and classification of useful papaya cultivars.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.278-285
• /
• 2019

The experiment was implemented to gain basic data for stable proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) production through germination viability and establishment uniformity based on seed refining under seed selection with specific gravity of proso millet seed. Seeds of three proso millet cultivars were carefully selected by adjusting NaCl into 9 levels (1.000, 1.005, 1.010, 1.015, 1.020, 1.025, 1.030, 1.035, 1.04 g·L^-1), and their standard germination rate, seeding quality and field emergence rate were investigated. Proso millets showed heavier thousand seed weight as specific gravity high. In standard germination, all of the 3 cultivars of selected seeding showed at least 91% germination rate. With respect to the 1.040 g·L^-1 selection by specific gravity, 'Hwanggeum' had 98.9%, 'Ibaekchal', 99.4%, and 'Hwangsilchal', 98.9%, recording the highest. Seeding quality was investigated and it was found that, compared with the non-selected seeds, selected seeds had longer plant heights and averaged 2.0, 2.2 and 1.9 cm, respectably. In terms of leaf length, only 'Hwanggeum' and 'Ibaekchal' showed distinctive differences. No significance was found in stem diameter and SPAD. The seeds selected using specific gravity all had longer or heavier average root length, root weight and stem weight. Compared with non-selected seeds, the specific gravity of 1.040 g·L^-1 had longer root lengths of 2.9, 3.0 and 2.9 cm. 1.040 g·L^-1 was also found to have the heaviest root weight, and stem weight. The field emergence viability investigation found significance solely in the mean emergence time (MET) by the cultivar. High significance was found in percent emergence (PE) and emergence rate index (ERI) in the specific gravity for the selection of seeds. All of the three cultivars showed higher PE and ERI as specific gravity selection high. The 1.040 g·L^-1 specific gravity selection had the highest PE of 90.7, 85.3 and 92.8%. For productivity increase based on improved proso millet germination rate and enhanced establishment uniformity, it seems favorable to employ 1.040 g·L^-1 specific gravity selection using salt solution.