• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.279-287
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• 1995

This study examined the anti-cancer effects of diallyl sulfide(DAS) and/or diallyl disulfide(DDS), major components of garlic oil, with the DEN-PH model in rats, by the numbers and areas per cm$^2$ of induced glutathion S-transferase placental form(GST-P) positive foci and silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions(Ag-NORs) counts per nuclei in liver as indicator. Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were given the diethylnitrosamine(DEN, 200 mg/kg, i.p.) as initiator and 2 weeks later, in experiment 1, rats were treated with DAS(200 mg/kg, i.g.) and/or DDS(50 mg/kg, i.g.) for 6 weeks, respectively and concomitantly and also were given the same dose of DAS and/or DDS prior to DEN treatment for 2 weeks, and in experiment II, rats were treated with potential cancer promoter, 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF, 20 mg/kg, i.g.). The DAS and/or DDS were treated prior to 2-AAF for 8 weeks, respectively and concomitantly. Then the anti-promoting effects of DAS and/or DDS were assessed. All rats were subjected to the two-thirds partial hepatectomy(PH) at week 3 and sacrificed at week 8. In experiment I, DAS and/or DDS treatment only prior to DEN showed inhibition of the development of GST-P positive foci. In experiment II, DAS and/or DDS treatment prior to 2-AAF promotion showed obvious inhibition of the development of GST-P positive foci in numbers and areas and AgNORs counts. In conclusion, We found DAS and/or DDS had the preventive effects on the hepatocarcinogenesis in rats and the concomitant treatment had some additive effects compared with the each treatment and AgNORs counts correlated well with the preneoplastic hepatic lesion.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.738-740
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• 2023

• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.674-684
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• 2008

This paper proposes a dual addressing scheme (DAS) for IPv6 over IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor networks (WSN). DAS combines a global unicast address to cope with association link changes and node mobility, and it links local addresses to lighten the overhead of the system to save energy and resources. This paper describes DAS address formats, address autoconfiguration, and address translation tables in the gateway. A detailed description of DAS is provided through examples. Simulations are performed to demonstrate the performance improvements of the DAS compared with the IPv6-based WSN, which uses the conventional single address.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2002

Die vorliegende Arbeit handelt sich uber die Risikogesellschaft und das symbolische Strafrecht. Die Risikogesellschaft bedeutet die Ggesellschaft mit kunstlich erzeugten atomaren, chemischen, okologischen und gentechnischen Selbstvernichtungsmoglichkeit. Die Risikogesellschaft hat offenbar dort, wo sie die Gefahren nicht leugnen kann, Bedurfnis nach Minimierung von Unsicherheit, Dieses Be-durfnis wirkt sich einmal aus in der Neigung, das Entstehen bestimmter nicht konsentierter Gefahren schon in einem sehr fruhen Stadium der Entwicklung mit Hilfe des Strafrechts zu stoppen. Vorverlagerung der Gefahrabwehr bedeutet im Fall des Strafrechts die Vorfeldkriminalisierung. Hierfur scheint es zwei wichtige Methoden zu geben: die Formulierung weit vorgelagerter Rechsguter und die Konstruktion vorfelderfassender Deliktstypen. Aber in die modeme Risikogesellschaft handelt sich das Strafrecht mit dem Versuch der Vorfeldkriminalisierung unubersehbare Vollzugsdefizite ein. Neben Ermittlungsschwierigkeiten sind hierfur strukturelle Zurechnungsprobleme und evidente Kontra-produktivitat verantwortlich. Es scheint dennoch einen naheliegenden Ausweg zu geben. Wo das Strafrecht in seiner instrumentellen Wirkung versage, wo ein unvermeidbares Vollzugsdefizite vorliege, komme dem Strafrecht doch eine gewichtige symbolische Bedeutung zu. Aber ein Strafrecht, das sich als Mittel zur Losung von System-problemen versteht, wirkt instrumentell zu wenig, um seine Kontraproduktivitat auszugleichen. Eben darunter leidet dann aber auch seine symbolische Wirkung, die man sich zunachst noch eine Zeitlang von ihm erhoffen mag.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.328-333
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• 2011

A Distribution Automation System (DAS) is operated by monitoring and control of the field statesusing Feeder Remote Terminal Units (FRTUs) installed together withautomatic switches.An optimal placement of automatic switchescan enhanceefficiencyof the operation and restoration, and improve the power supply reliability ofa DAS.This paper proposes an algorithm to decide the optimal placement of automatic switches ina DAS.The proposed algorithm was developed ona DAS witha six sections and three links configuration. The proposed algorithm was provided inaneight-feeder power distribution system.

• 한국독어학회지:독어학
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• 제7집
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• pp.61-83
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• 2003

Die wichtigsten Theorien tiber das Alter der hochdeutschen Lautverschiebung (LV) sind die beiden folgenden: 1. ein sehr hohes Alter(wohl noch var Chr. abgeschlossen), 2. ein relativ junges Alter(im Allgemeinen das 6.-10. Jh. n. Chr.). Die beiden Datierungen weichen um uber ein halbes Jahrtausend voneinander ab. Diese Abweichungen gehen auf unterschiedliche Methoden der Altersbestimmung zuruck: entweder datiert man nur anhand schriftlichen Zeugnisse oder aufgrund von etwas spekulativ ethnologischen Erwagungen. Die letztere lasst zwar ein hohes Alter der LV zu, gibt aber es keine sicheren Belege dafur. Deshalb kann nur sprachliches Material eine sichere Basis fur die Datierung der LV sein. Das gilt immer noch, wenn auch die Schreibung i. d. R. Veranderungen in der gesprochenen Sprache nicht rechtzeitig widerspiegelt. Die altesten Belege fur die wichtigsten Dialekte sind die folgenden: Die alemannische Runeninschrift von Stetten (ca. 680, wahl der fruheste Beleg uberhaupt fur die hd. LV), Handschrift des langobardischen Edictus Rathari $({\cal}um 700)$, das bairische Salzburger Verbrtiderungsbuch(784), die mittelfrankischen Glossen des Echtemacher Evangeliars $({\cal}um 700)$.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.126-133
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 IT 기술기반의 통신 및 컴퓨터를 이용하여 약 $20{\sim}30[km]$ 떨어진 곳에 설치된 자동화 개폐기, 리클로져를 원격으로 제어, 감시, 계측하고 있는 DAS와 고압수용가의 원격검침, 요금 등의 업무를 수행하는 AMR과의 인터페이스를 구현하여 배전선로의 전체 고장 중 16[%]를 차지하는 고압수용가 구내 전기설비 고장에 의한 배전선로 파급고장에 대해 신속하고 정확하게 찾을 수 있는 방법을 제시하기 위해 DAS와 AMR의 인터페이스를 구현하는 것이다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.687-693
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• 2011

In this paper, problems and solutions are proposed for applying IEC 61850 to Distribution Automation System(DAS). Communication protocol integration in power automation system have issued by IEC standards, IEC 61850 of them has researched for applying IEC 61850 to many areas of power system in spite of that it was made for substation automation system. Especially, DAS is just about to apply IEC 61850 by communication network change from serial to ethernet although DNP 3.0 is used. But it's impossible to apply directly IEC 61850 to DAS by difference of environment which unfixed wide area and separated nodes in power distribution system unlike concept of IEC 61850 is made by Substation Automation System(SAS) environment of limited space. Thus, this paper proposed applications of three types which conceptual, practical, and future to consider problems and solutions when apply IEC 61850 to Ethernet based DAS.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.569-572
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• 2008

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to simultaneously detect 3 events of genetically modified (GM) maize. The event-specific primers were used to discriminate the following 3 events of GM maize (DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604) using multiplex PCR method. The zein gene was used as an endogenous maize reference gene in the multiplex PCR detection. The primer pair Zein-FIR producing a 99 bp amplicon was used to amplify the zein gene. The primer JI-Das-F1/R1 for DAS-59122-7, JI-TC6275-F3/R3 for TC6275, and JI-MIR F1/R1 for MIR604 yielded an amplicon of 130, 162, and 197 bp, respectively. The detection limit of multiplex PCR was 1% for DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604 for one reaction.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.247-256
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• 1987

The ability of three Echinochloa colona (L.) Link ecotypes to compete with rice (Oryza sativa L.) was evaluated. For all the ecotypes, E. colona was shorter and produced less leaf area and dry matter than rice at 15 days after seeding (DAS), whereas the reverse was observed from 30 to 60 DAS. Neither E. colona nor rice tillered during the first 15 DAS, but E. colona had greater accumulative tiller length than rice from 15 DAS. Rice absorbed more nitrogen than E. colona at 15 DAS. E. colona absorbed greater amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium than did rice between 30 and 60 DAS and increase in its density decreased the nutrients uptake of rice. Differences in the competitive ability of the ecotypes were related to the growth characteristics of the ecotypes and the period of competition between the two species. At the early growth stages the Pangasinan ecotype, which increased plant size rapidly and had a shorter life cycle, was more competitive against rice than the Leyte and South Cotabato ecotypes, which had a longer vegetative growth period. However, the reverse was observed at the later growth stages of the ecotypes.