• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.463-471
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• 2020

A 1,000 ㎥/d DAF(dissolved air flotation) pilot plant was installed to evaluate the performance of the floating process using the Nakdong River. Efficiency of various DAF operations under different conditions, such as hydraulic loading rate, coagulant concentration was evaluated in the current research. The operation conditions were evaluated, based on the removal or turbidity, TOC(total organic carbon), THMFP(trihalomethane formation potential), Mn(manganese), and Al(aluminum). Also, particle size analysis of treated water by DAF was performed to examine the characteristics of particles existing in the treated water. The turbidity removal was higher than 90%, and it could be operated at 0.5 NTU or less, which is suitable for the drinking water quality standard. Turbidity, TOC, and THMFP resulted in stable water quality when replacing the coagulant from alum to PAC(poly aluminum chloride). A 100% removal of Chl-a was recorded during the summer period of the DAF operations. Mn removal was not as effective as where the removal did not satisfy the water quality standards for the majority of the operation period. Hydraulic loading of 10 m/h, and coagulant concentrations of 40 mg/L was determined to be the optimal operating conditions for turbidity and TOC removal. When the coagulant concentration increases, the Al concentration of the DAF treated water also increases, so coagulant injection control is required according to the raw water quality. Particle size distribution results indicated that particles larger than 25 ㎛ showed higher removal rates than smaller particles. The total particel count in the treated water was 2,214.7 counts/ml under the operation conditions of 10 m/h of hydraulic loading rate and coagulant concentrations of 60 mg/L.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.639-645
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• 2011

This study found that flotation efficiencies for removing algae and micro particles in raw water were optimized on mixing intensity and time of the mixing and flocculation conditions with a continuous DAF system. It is more efficient for mixing intensity at 23.1 $s^{-1}$ and time at 660 s(Gt value : 15246) to float flocculated floc with the raw water in M water treatment plant. Flotation efficiency was more than about 0.9 when operated pressure and A/S ratio were sustained at 5 $kg_f{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ and up to 0.056 $mL{\cdot}mg^{-1}$. The continuous DAF system made by the study could be continuously operated for 20 days and sustained not exceeding 4 NTU with raw water with low turbidity(13.4~9.8 NTU).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2015

This paper describes a development of aircraft carrier aviation support system architecture using DoDAF. The aircraft carrier, a warship performing a role of mobile sea air base in offensive and defense mission, is super system that is comprised of carrier itself and carrier-based airwing. Performing critical role in step with aviation operations in carrier-airwing interactions, the aviation support system of aircraft carrier is also system of systems. It requires a complex and integrated approach based on systems engineering in establishing concept of this complex systems. In this view, this study establishes an operational scenario and derives operational requirements by identifying aviation operations environment on deck of aircraft carrier. The study presents the operational architecture of the carrier aviation support system by using DoDAF and CASE tool CORE.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.528-533
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• 2003

Bubble size is one of the most important parameters affecting DAF (Dissolved-Air-Flotation) process. It is generally known that small bubbles are preferred. However, the fact seems to be based on the particle removal efficiency at contact zone only, without considering separation zone. Besides, the effect of bubble size on the overall DAF process has not been fully investigated yet. Therefore, the effect of bubble size on collision efficiency, collision chances, and surface loading rate is calculated using theoretical models, and the results are discussed in this paper.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.228-234
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• 2004

Dissolved air flotation (DAF), in which suspended solids are removed from water by means of micro-size air bubbles raising slowly up in water and lifting solids from water (smaller than those) attached onto the micro-bubbles as well as those (larger than solids) being attached on these, have been used in water and wastewater since 1920s. The dissolved air flotation technology was originally based on the laminar flow conditions prevailing in water to be treated, but the latest development in that technology has led now to a situation, in which the flow conditions may also be turbulent ones in the modem dissolved air flotation units. Despite of that, the flotation phenomenon used in this unit operation for removal suspended solids from water or wastewater is still the same.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.31 no.4 s.85
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• pp.246-253
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• 2005

The supernatant treatment of recovery process of raw materials of paper plant was studied using DAF (Dissolved Air Flotation) system. We investigated the removal efficiency (COD, SS and turbidity) of the DAF process. The effects of parameters such as A/S ratio, pressure, flotation conditions, coagulant concentration, mixing conditions, size and ratio of packing and nozzle type were examined. The results showed that the optimum A/S ratio and pressure were 0.058 and 4.5-5 atm, respectively. Injection times of pressurized water around 30 s and flotation times around 10 min appeared to be optimal for the DAF operation. Anion polymer addition improved the removal of COD, SS and turbidity. The smaller size and the more packing ratio were enhanced the removal efficiencies. The order of performance of nozzle was full cone > flat > assemble type.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.04b
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• pp.61-63
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• 2007

In these days there are many troubles - system data error, control malfunctions, cable overheating - in water treatment plant. Specially DAF(Dissolved Air Floation Process) plant has high frequency than previous water treatment process. DAF plant has diverse equipment, nonlinear loads for the precise control. But there is no sufficient overall study about harmonics condition of water treatment plant just taking a following partial action without a fundamental solution. On designing of power system, designer should have regard to harmonics condition, but there is no guide reflected harmonics condition on DAF plant This study says what is the result of guideless design about harmonics. With the result of diagnosis and analysis in DAF plant, economical efficiency and safety of plant will be upgraded in the next design.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.91-100
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• 1999

Treatment conditions of DAF(Dissolved Air Flotation) and removal rates of VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) in mixed water of H raw water and VOCs were investigated. The used VOCs were benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene in aromatic compounds and iso propyl mereaptan, n-butyl mereaptan, dimethyl disulfide, and iso butyl mercaptan in odors. The related parameters include water type, treatment method, clay concentration, pH condition, flocculation time, flotation time, per-cent recycle, water temperature, pressure. The removal rates of VOCs were different on treatment process and water condition. Treatment time was longer, removal rates of VOCs was higher. Water temperature was more important than pressure in DAF parameters. Molecular weight was related with removal rate in several kinds of VOCs were decraesed by competition of each component in II raw water. When algac blooming D water was treated by DAF, TCOD(Total chemical Oxygen Demand) and chorophyll a was removed over 96%.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2006

An effective technique of sludge separation is required for excess sludge of sewage or wastewater plant. The separation of bulking sludge of paper manufacturing plant was studied using DAF(Dissolved Air Flotation) system. The effects of parameters such as nozzle type, A/S(air/solid) ratio. pressure, injection time of pressured water and saturation time were examined. The results showed that the best nozzle type was flat which had small orifice hole, The optimum A/S ratio and pressure were $7.070\times10^{-3}$(recycle ratio of pressured water $20\%$) and 5atm, respectively. Injection times of pressurized water around 20-25 sesc and flotation time of 30 min appeared to be optimal for the DAF operation. The order of performance of packing was 18 mm > 22 mm > 32 mm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to provide an abstracted meta-model for executing Capabilities Portfolio Management (CPM) effectively based on DoDAF2.0. The purpose of developing an architecture is for beneficial use of it. A good set of architectural artifacts facilitates the manipulation and use of them in meeting its usage objectives well. Systems engineering methodologies evolve to accommodate or to deal with enterprise or SoS/FoS level problems. And DoD's Capabilities Portfolio Management (CPM) is a good example which demonstrates enterprise or SoS level problems. However, the complexity of the architecture framework makes it difficult to develop and use the architecture models and their associated artifacts. DoDAF states that it was established to guide the development of architectures and to satisfy the demands of a structured, repeatable method for evaluating alternatives which add value to decisions and management practices. One of the objectives of DoDAF2.0 is to define concepts and models usable in CPM which is one of DoD's six core processes. However, DoDAF and various guidelines state requirements for CPM rather than how to. This paper provides methodology for CPM which includes process and tailored meta-models based on DoDAF Meta Model (DM2).