• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2009

This paper presents a circularly symmetric point spread function (PSF) estimation technique for a fully digital auto-focusing system. The proposed algorithm provides realistic, unsupervised PSF estimation by establishing the relationship between one-dimensional ideal step response and two-dimensional circularly symmetric PSF.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1996.02a
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• pp.9-22
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• 1996

Among the various dysarthric subtypes, diagnosis of ataxic dysarthria is rendered when the speech characteristics include imprecise and irregular articulatory breakdowns, marked degree of speech rate impairment, overall monopitch and monoloudness, and respiratory-articulatory incoordination. Traditionally, speech pathologists have relied only upon their ‘ears’ to describe and evaluate the dysarthric speech. A statement of percentage of correct words identified by a listener do not provide so much more than an index of severity. Within the same perceptual dimension, a carefully constructed speech intelligibility test can specify patterns of errors. The patterns can contain a diagnostic value as well as Provide strategies for remediation. The phonetically transcribed texts on single words and a standard passage, 'kail' produced by an ataxic dysarthria are presented in this report, with an emphasis of the articulatory error analysis. Furthermore,, acoustic tools [e.g., spectrography to measure formant transitions, segment durations, consonant spectra, etc.] are utilized to serve as basic measures that objectively document patients' speech intelligibility, Finally, the treatment methods [e.g., spectrography as a visual feedback, gestural reorganization using pacing method, DAF (Delayed Auditory Feedback)] to modify the dysarthric behaviors are presented.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1835-1842
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• 2014

The goal of this study was to evaluate micro-bubble concentration ($C_{air}$) in water by air/water ratio (A/W ratio) with a micro-bubble generating pump. The estimation of micro-bubble concentration is based on the balance of inlet/outlet air and water flow rate. On net A/W ratio to be generated micro-bubble, we found that the obtained the $C_{air}$ are shown as a function of discharge pressure ($P_g$) of the micro-bubble generating pump. The correlation of the $C_{air}$ and the $P_g$ ($C_{air}=3.261P_g-1.754$) was adequately described by the least square methods with a high correlation coefficient (r = 0.9459) and calculated values fit the experimental data quite well. The $C_{air}$ was lower than theoretical dissolved air concentration ($C_{aq}$) calculated by Henry's law. The $C_{air}$ for being operated the micro-bubble generating pump was 6.75 - 39.53 mL/L, however, we found that the optimum of the $C_{air}$ to generate micro-bubble was the range from 10 to 12 mL/L.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.178-187
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• 2006

Objectives : Peroxynitrite $(ONOO^-),\;{\cdot}O_2^-$ and nitric oxide (NO) are cytotoxic species that can oxidize several cellular components such as proteins, lipids and DNA. It has been implicated in the aging process and age-related disease such as Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate $ONOO^-$ scavengactivities, and that of its precursors, NO and ${\cdot}O_2^-$ of Samjunghwan. Methods : To investigate $ONOO^-,\;NO,\;{\cdot}O_2^-$ scavenging activities, fluorescent probes, namely 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA), 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2) and dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123) were used. Results : Samjunghwan markedly scavenged authentic $ONOO^-,\;{\cdot}O_2^-$ and NO. It also inhibited $ONOO^-$ induced by .02' and NO which are derived from SIN-I. Furthermore, Samjunghwan inhibited $ONOO^-$, ${\cdot}O_2^-$ and NO generation in LPS-treated ICR mouse kidney postmitochondria. Conclusions : These results suggest that Samjunghwan is an effective $ONOO^-,\;{\cdot}O_2^-$ and NO scavenger, and that this substance has a potential role as an inhibitor of aging process, and in therapy against age-related diseases.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2001

An ${\omega}-3$ fatty acid desaturase gene which is involved in de novo synthesis of -Iinolenate was isolated from cDNA library of Perilla frutescens. A cDNA library was constructed with mRNA extracted from perilla seeds of 12 DAF. The cDNA clone consisting of 1317-bp open reading frame encoding 438 amino acids with a relative MW of 50kDa, was isolated and showed 65-83% similarities to other known genes. This cDNA is deduced to encode a plastidal ${\omega}-3$ fatty acid desaturase based on the fact that it has higher homology to plastidal ones than to microsomal ones and its N-terminal sequence shares several characteristics of transit peptides of chloroplast proteins. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA indicated that more than one gene or alleles for ${\omega}-3$ fatty acid desaturase are present in the genome of perilla. Northern blot analysis showed that the ${\omega}-3$ fatty acid desaturase gene is mainly revealed in early developing seeds and has different expression patterns depending on tissue types compared to the microsomal ones.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.24-35
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• 2015

This research constructs a data set regarding competition policy through a comprehensive review of previous studies, and performs a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the price effects of deregulation. A structural econometric model is used to eliminate possible biases from heterogeneity of the studies,such as in publication types and measurement methods. Four types of regulations that deter competition are characterized and three groups of industries are made for drawing practical implications. We fnd that deregulation to promote competition reduces prices by 0.23% and that these estimated price effects are more stable when we control for the publication types and measurement ways. Easing regulations that restrict consumers' choice is shown to be most effcient in promoting competition, lowering prices by 0.7%. This is followed by eliminating the limitation in the number of frms in the industry, with 0.2% price reduction. Overall, the network and service industries are shown to be more responsive to deregulation than the R&D industry. These results could shed light on policy implementation when a pro-competition policy is called for due to restrictive regulations in the corresponding industries.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.301-308
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• 2014

A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the beam is suspended by load-bearing cables. There are two classifications: the self-anchored suspension bridge has the main cable anchored to the bridge girders, and the earth-anchored suspension bridge has the main cable anchored to a large anchorage. Although a suspension bridge is structurally safe, it is prone to be damaged by various actions such as hurricanes, tsunamis and terrorist incidents because its cables are exposed. If damage to a cable eventually leads to the cable rupture, the bridge may collapse. To avoid these accidents, studies on the dynamic behavior of cable bridges due to the cable rupture have been carried out. Design codes specify that the calculated DAF (dynamic amplification factor) should not exceed a certain value. However, it has been difficult to determine DAFs effectively from dynamic analysis, and thus no systematic approach has been suggested. The current study provides a guideline to determine DAFs reliably from the dynamic analysis results and summarizes the results by applying the method to an earth-anchored suspension bridge. In the study, DAFs were calculated at the location of four structural parts, girders, pylons, main cable and hangers, with variations in the rupture time.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.829-837
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• 2016

The mechanism of micro-bubble generation with a pump is not clarified yet, so the design of water treatment systems with a micro-bubble generating pump is based on trial and error methods. This study tried to explain clearly quantitative relationships of experimental micro-bubble concentration ($C_{air}$) of continuous operation tests with a micro-bubble generating pump and theoretical air solubility. Operation parameters for the tests were discharge pressure ($P_g$), water ($Q_{w0}$) and air ($q_0$) flow rates, orifice diameter ($D_o$), and retention time (t). The experimental micro-bubble concentrations ($C_{air}$) at 4.8 atm of discharge pressure ($P_g$) were in the range of 21.04 to 25.29 mL/L. When the retention time (t) by changing the pipe line length ($L_p$) increased from 1.22 to 6.77s, the experimental micro-bubble concentrations ($C_{air}$) increased from 25.86 to 30.78 mL air/L water linearly. The dissolved and dispersed micro-bubble concentrations ($C_{air}$) are approximately 4 times more than the theoretical air solubility.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2013

This paper calculates the mating dynamic forces of a semi-submersible offshore structure's topside module, where a hull moored in the sea is combined with a topside module carried by a heavy lift vessel, as a mating installation method. The environmental conditions include various wave directions and wave heights, with constant wind and current speeds. Appropriate ballast and de-ballast plans for the heavy lift vessel and hull of the semi-rig should be performed in order to safely obtain these forces, whereas a fixed platform or the GBS (Gravity based structure) type of offshore structure only needs a ballast plan for the heavy lift vessel. From this paper, the allowable wave height or wave direction for the mating procedure can be investigated based on the standard DAF (Dynamic amplitude factor) of the rules and regulations.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.80-91
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• 2007

Objectives : Peroxynitrite (ONOO-), superoxide anion radical (?O2-) and nitric oxide (NO) are cytotoxic because they can oxidize several cellular components such as proteins, lipids and DNA. They have been implicated in the aging process, and age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate Sabohwan's activity for scavenging ONOO- and its precursors. NO and ?02-. Methods : For this study, the fluorescent probes, namely 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA), 4.5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2) and dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123) were used. Results : Sabohwanblocked tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced cell death in a dose-dependent fashion. It scavenged t-BHP-induced ONOO-, NO and ?O2- in YPEN cells. Sabohwan inhibited the generation of ONOO-, NO and ?O2- in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mouse kidney postmitochondria both in vitro and in vivo. The lipid peroxide level increased and glutathione level decreased in the LPS-treated mice, whereas the ones in the Sabohwanadministered group among the LPS-treated mice reversed toward their natural levels. Conclusions : These results suggest that Sabohwanis an effective ONOO-, ?O2- and NO scavenger, and thereby it might have a potential role as a therapy against the aging process and age-related diseases.