• Title/Summary/Keyword: D-H Method

Search Result 4,313, Processing Time 0.036 seconds

Effects of Cyclosporin A, FK506, and 3-Deazaadenosine on Acute Graft-versus-host Disease and Survival in Allogeneic Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (마우스 동종 조혈모세포 이식모델에서 Cyclosporin A, FK506, 3-Deazaadenosine 등의 약제가 급성 이식편대 숙주병과 생존에 미치는 영향)

  • Jin, Jong Youl;Jeong, Dae Chul;Eom, Hyeon Seok;Chung, Nak Gyun;Park, Soo Jeong;Choi, Byung Ock;Min, Woo Sung;Kim, Hack Ki;Kim, Chun Choo;Han, Chi Wha
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
    • /
    • v.3 no.2
    • /
    • pp.150-155
    • /
    • 2003
  • Background: We investigated the effect of donor marrow T cell depletion, administration of FK506, cyclosporin A (CSA), and 3-deazaadenosine (DZA) on graft versus host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic murine hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods: We used 4 to 6 week old Balb/c ($H-2^d$, recipient), and C3H/He ($H-2^k$, donor) mice. Total body irradiated recipients received $1{\times}10^7$ bone marrow cells (BM) and $0.5{\times}10^7$ splenocytes of donor under FK506 (36 mg/kg/day), CSA (5 mg/kg/day, 20 mg/kg/day), and DZA (45 mg/kg/day), which were injected intraperitoneally from day 1 to day 14 daily and then three times a week for another 2 weeks. To prevent the GVHD, irradiated Balb/c mice were transplanted with $1{\times}10^7$ rotor-off (R/O) cells of donor BM. The severity of GVHD was assessed daily by clinical scoring method. Results: All experimental groups were well grafted after HSCT. Mice in experimental group showed higher GVHD score and more rapid progression of GVHD than the mice with R/O cells (R/O group) (p<0.01). There were relatively low GVHD scores and slow progressions in FK506 and low dose CSAgroups than high dose CSA group (p<0.01). The survival was better in FK506 group than low dose CSA group. All mice treated with CSA died within 12 days after HSCT. The GVHD score in DZA group was low and slow in comparison with control group (p<0.05), but severity and progression were similar with low dose CSA group (p=0.11). All mice without immunosuppressive treatment died within 8 days, but all survived in R/O group (p<0.01). Survival in low dose CSA group was longer than in control group (p<0.05), but in high dose CSA group, survival was similar to control group. The survival benefit in DZA group was similar with low dose CSA group. FK506 group has the best survival benefit than other groups (p<0.01), comparable with R/O group (p=0.18), although probability of survival was 60%. Conclusion: We developed lethal GVHD model after allogeneic murine HSCT. In this model, immunosuppressive agents showed survival benefits in prevention of GVHD. DZA showed similar survival benefits to low dose CSA. We propose that DZA can be used as a new immunosuppressive agent to prevent GVHD after allogeneic HSCT.

Assessment of the Hydration Effect on In Vitro Human Skin by $^1H$ MRS at 14.1T System (고자장 14.1 T MRI/MRS 시스템에서 양성자 자기공명분광법을 이용한 생체 외 인체피부 보습효과에 대한 연구)

  • Choi Chi-Bong;Hong Sung-Tak;Woo Dong-Chul;Yoon Seong-Ik;Yoon Moon-Hyun;Cho Ji-Hyun;Lee Chul-Hyun;Cheong Chae-Joon;Park Sang-Yong;Oh Chil-Hwan;Choe Bo-Young
    • Progress in Medical Physics
    • /
    • v.17 no.2
    • /
    • pp.83-88
    • /
    • 2006
  • Purpose: We Investigated to achieve high resolution magnetic resonance (MR) Imaging and spectra of human skin in vitro with using a 14.1 T MRI/MRS system, and to evaluate the hydration effect of a moisturizer by measuring the skin's water concentration. Materials and Methods: We used the Brukrer 14.1 T MRI/MRS system with a vertical standard bore that was equipped with a DMX spectrometer gradient system (200 G/cm at a maximum 40 A), RF resonators (2, 5 and 10 mm) and Para Vision software. Spin echo and fast spin echo pulse sequences were employed for obtaining the high resolution MR images. The 3D-localized point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) method was used to acquire the MR spectra. Results: The high resolution MR images and spectra of human skin in vitro were successfully obtained on a 14.IT system. The water concentration of human skin after applying a moisturizer was higher than that before applying a moisturizer. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that the high-resolution MR images and spectra of human skin from a high field MRS instrument could be applicable to evaluating the hydration state of the stratum corneum.

  • PDF

Development of a Pre-treating Equipment and the Carcass Disposal System for Infected Poultry (감염가금 전처리 및 폐사가축 처리시스템 개발)

  • Hong, J.T.;Kim, H.J.;Yu, B.K.;Lee, S.H.;Hyun, C.S.;Ryu, I.S.;Oh, K.Y.;Kim, S.;Kwon, J.H.;Tack, D.S.
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
    • /
    • v.17 no.2
    • /
    • pp.81-92
    • /
    • 2011
  • When we bury the infected poultry into the ground, we have many problems such as the difficulty of making sufficient area for burying, environmental contamination by the leachate, unpleasant ordor. Also, in case of burning the carcass of the infected poultry, there are some problems such as high cost, dust, unpleasant odor, etc. It could cause environmental contamination which many peoples and environmental organization complains about. In this study, we develop a treating system which treats the infected poultry carcass in a environmental method preventing the environment contamination. This system is composed of many processes. The euthanasia system uses rigid vinyl to trap and to do a euthanasia the infected poultry with lethal gas, carbon dioxide. And then, with the tractor attached grappler infected poultry carcass could be put into the carcass treating system. The euthanasia system uses rigid vinyl to trap the infected birds and to confine lethal gas, carbon dioxide. Infected poultry carcass are moved to carcass disposal system by collecting device which is attached at tractor. The carcass treatment system (capacity of disposal : 6.3 $m^3$) is installed on a truck and do one pass work, which is input, crush, stir, sterilize, and discharge treated carcass. 1,000 chickens was killed within 9.7min by $CO_2$ (300L/min) in the tent (10 $m^3$). The collecting device could carry 142 chickens at a time, and the movable carcass treatment system could sterilize 2 tons carcass per hour (at one time). This treatment systems was eco-friendly because it reduced the volume of carcass by 31.9% with no wastewater generation.

In vivo Radiosensitization Effect of H DAC Inhibitor, SK-7041 on RIF-1 Cell Line (히스톤 탈아세틸효소 억제제 SK-7041의 RIF-1 세포주에 대한 생체내 방사선 감수성 증진 효과)

  • Chie, Eui-Kyu;Shin, Jin-Hee;Kim, In-Ah;Kim, Il-Han
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
    • /
    • v.28 no.4
    • /
    • pp.219-223
    • /
    • 2010
  • Purpose: To test the radiosensitizing effect of the newly synthesized novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, SK-7041 in vivo. Materials and Method: The RIF-l cell line was implanted into the back of a 6-week-old female C3H mouse, intradermally, The mice were grouped into control, drug, radiation (RT), and RT+drug group. SK-7041, 4 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally for six cycles every 12 hours for mice in the drug and RT+drug group, An identical volume of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was administered at the same frequency to mice in the control and RT groups. A single 5 Gy fraction was delivered to mice in RT and RT+drug group 6 hours after the fourth delivery. The volume of the implanted tumor was measured every 2~3 days to formulate the growth delay curve. Results: For the control, drug, RT, and RT +drug groups, the average duration for implanted tumor to reach a volume of $1,500mm^3$ was 10 days, 10 days, 9 days, and 12 days, respectively. Moreover, the tumor volume on D14 was $276.7mm^3$, $279.9mm^3$, $292.5mm^3$, and $185.5mm^3$, respectively (p=0.0004). The difference for the change in slope for the control and drug versus the RT and RT+drug groups were borderline significant (p=0.0650). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that SK-7041 has a radiosensitizing effect for the RIF-1 cell line in vivo at a low concentration and this effect may be synergistic. Implementing this result to clinical trial is warranted.

Protoplast Fusion of Nicotiana glauca and Solanum tuberosum Using Selectable Marker Genes (표식유전자를 이용한 담배와 감자의 원형질체 융합)

  • Park, Tae-Eun;Chung, Hae-Joun
    • The Journal of Natural Sciences
    • /
    • v.4
    • /
    • pp.103-142
    • /
    • 1991
  • These studies were carried out to select somatic hybrid using selectable marker genes of Nicotiana glauca transformed by NPTII gene and Solanum tuberosum transformed by T- DNA, and to study characteristics of transformant. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Crown gall tumors and hairy roots were formed on potato tuber disc infected by A. tumefaciens Ach5 and A. rhizogenes ATCC15834. These tumors and roots could be grown on the phytohormone free media. 2. Callus formation from hairy root was prompted on the medium containing 2, 4 D 2mg/I with casein hydrolysate lg/l. 3. The survival ratio of crown gall tumor callus derived from potato increased on the medium containing the activated charcoal 0. 5-2. 0mg/I because of the preventions on the other hand, hairy roots were necrosis on the same medium. 4. Callus derived from hairy root were excellently grown for a short time by suspension culture on liquid medium containing 2, 4-D 2mg/I and casein hydrolysate lg/l. 5. The binary vector pGA643 was mobilized from E. coli MC1000 into wild type Agrobacteriurn tumefaciens Ach5, A. tumefaciens $A_4T$ and disarmed A. tuniefaciens LBA4404 using a triparental mating method with E. ccli HB1O1/pRK2013. Transconjugants were obtained on the minimal media containing tetracycline and kanamycin. pGA643 vectors were confirmed by electrophoresis on 0.7% agarose gel. 6. Kanamycin resistant calli were selected on the media supplemented with 2, 4-D 0.5mg/1 and kanamycin $100\mug$/ml after co- cultivating with tobacco stem explants and A. tumefaciens LBA4404/pGA643, and selected calli propagated on the same medium. 7. The multiple shoots were regenerated from kanamycin resistant calli on the MS medium containing BA 2mg/l. 8. Leaf segments of transformed shoot were able to grow vigorusly on the medium supplemented with high concentration of kanamycin $1000\mug$/ml. 9. Kanamycin resistant shoots were rooting and elongated on medium containing kanamycin $100\mug$/ml, but normal shoot were not. 10. For the production of protoplast from potato calli transformed by T-DNA and mesophyll tissue transformed by NPTII gene, the former was isolated in the enzyme mixture of 2.0% celluase Onozuka R-10, 1.0% dricelase, 1.0% macerozyme. and 0.5M mannitol, the latter was isolated in the enzyme mixture 1.0% Celluase Onozuka R-10, 0.3% macerozyme, and 0.7M mannitol. 11. The optimal concentrationn of mannitol in the enzyme mixture for high protoplast yield was 0.8M at both transformed tobacco mesophyll and potato callus. The viabilities of protoplast were shown above 90%, respectively. 12. Both tobacco mesophyll and potato callus protoplasts were fused by using PEG solution. Cell walls were regenerated on hormone free media supplemented with kanamycin after 5 days, and colonies were observed after 4 weeks culture.

  • PDF

Correlations between the Capacity of In Vitro Fertilization and the Assays of Sperm Function and Characteristics in Frozen-thawed Bovine Spermatozoa (소 동결-융해 정자에 있어서 체외수정능력과 정자 기능 및 성상 분석법간의 상관관계)

  • Ryu, B.Y.;Chung, Y.C.;Kim, C.K.;Shin, H.A.;Han, J.H.;Kim, S.H.;Moon, S.Y.;Kim, H.R.;Choi, H.
    • Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
    • /
    • v.26 no.3
    • /
    • pp.275-289
    • /
    • 2002
  • The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro assessment of sperm fertilizing capacity of bulls and investigate the factors influencing sperm function and characteristics of frozen-thawed bovine spermatozoa. in vitro fertilization (IVF), the evaluation of motility and normal morphology, HOST (hypoosmotic swelling test), Ca-ionophore induced acrosome reaction, luminol and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence for the measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the measurement of malondialdehyde formation for the analysis of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and the evaluation of DNA fragmentation using the method of 747-mediated nick end labelling (TUNEL) by flow cytometry were performed in frozen-thawed bovine spermatozoa. Correlations between the rates of fertilization, blastocyst formation after IVF and the values of respective assays were investigated. 1. IVF rate and blastocyst formation rate averaged 64.4% and 34.3% for spermatozoa from high -fertility bull group and averaged 18.5% and 6.2% for spermatozoa from low-fertility bull group, respectively. There were significantly different between two bull groups. Sperm motility and percentage acrosome reaction averaged 79.0% and 66.2% for spermatozoa from high-fertility bull group and averaged 40.7% and 22.9% for spermatozoa from low-fertility bull group, respectivitely. There were not different between two bull groups. 2. Luminol depenent chemiluminescence, LPO and DNA fragementation averaged 6.4, 2.0 nmol and 2.6% from spermatozoa from high-fertility bull group and averaged 6.5, 3.1 nmol and 7.4% for spermatozoa from low-fertility bull group, respectively. There were significantly different between two bull groups. There was no significant difference in lucigenin dependent chemiluminescence between two bull groups. 3. Fertilization rate was positively correlated with motility and the rate of Ca-ionophore induced acrosome reaction, but negatively correlated with the frequency of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, the rate of LPO, and the percentage of sperm with DNA fragmentation. There was no correlation between fertilization rate and the percentage of swollen spermatozoa, normal morphology, and the frequency of lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence. 4. Blastocyst formation rate was positively correlated with the rate of Ca-ionophore induced acrosome reaction, but negatively correlated with the frequency of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, the rate of LPO, and the percentage of sperm with DNA fragmentation. There was no correlation between blastocyst formation rate and motility, the percentage of swollen spermatozoa, normal morphology, and the frequency of lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence. In conclusion, these data suggest that ROS significantly impact semen quality. The assays of this study may provide a basis fur improving in vitro assessment of sperm fertilizing capacity.

Changes of Weed Community in Lowland Rice Field in Korea (한국(韓國)의 논 잡초분포(雜草分布) 현황(現況))

  • Park, K.H.;Oh, Y.J.;Ku, Y.C.;Kim, H.D.;Sa, J.K.;Park, J.S.;Kim, H.H.;Kwon, S.J.;Shin, H.R.;Kim, S.J.;Lee, B.J.;Ko, M.S.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
    • /
    • v.15 no.4
    • /
    • pp.254-261
    • /
    • 1995
  • The nationwide weed survey was conducted in lowland rice fields over whole country of Korea in 1992 in order to determine a change of weed community and to identify a major dominant weed species and/or problem weed. Based on morphological characteristics of weeds, population ratio of broad leaf weed was 42.6%, grasses weed-9.0%, sedges-33.4% and others were 15.0%. Annual weed was 33.4% while perennial weed was 66.6% in terms of life cycle of weeds. Meanwhile, there was different weed occurrence as affected by planting method of the rice plant. In hand transplanted paddy fields predominant weed species was Sagittaria trifolia L., Monochoria vaginalis Presl., and Aneilema japonica Kunth. In machine transplanted rice fields of infant and young rice seedling Eleocharis kuroguwai Ohwi. and S. trifolia L. were more predominant. There was high occurrence of M. vaginalis, Echinochloa crus-galli L., and Leesia japonica Makino in water seeding while E. crus-galli and Cyperus serotinus Rottb. were predominant weed species in dry seeded rice. Monoculture of the rice plant would cause to high occurrence of E. kuroguwai, S. trifolia, M. vaginalis, E. crus-galli, and Sagittaria pygmaea Miq and there was higher population of S. trifolia, S. pygmaea, M. vaginalis, E crus-galli, and E. kuroguwai in double cropping system based on rice culture. In particular, there was high different weed occurrence under different transplanting times. E. kuroguwai, S. trifolia, S. pygmaea, M. vaginalis, and C. serotinus were higher population at the transplanting of 25 May and S. trifolia, E crus-galli, C. serotinus, and M. vaginalis at 10 June and S. pygmaea, E. kuroguwai, M. vaginalis, S. trifolia, and E. crusgalli at 25 June in Korea, respectively. Autumn tillage in terms of tillage time would cause more predominant weed species such as S. trifolia, E. kuroguwai, M. vaginalis, and S. pygmaea while spring tillage was higher population of E. kuroguwai, S. trifolia, E. crusgalli, M. vaginalis, and S. pygmaea. In plain area of paddy field there was higher occurrence of E. kuroguwai, S. trifolia, M. vaginalis, E. crus-galli, and S. pygmaea and in mid-mountainous area S. trifolia, E. kuroguwai, M. vaginalis, E. crus-galli, and Ludwigia prostrate Roxb. while in mountainous area S. trifolia, M. vaginalis, Potamogeton distinctus Ben., E. kuroguwai, and E. crus-galli were. In 1992 the most ten predominant weed species at the rice field of Korea based on summed dominant ratio(SDR) were E. kuroguwai > S. trifolia > E. crus-galli > M. vaginalis > S. pygmaea > C. serotinus > L. prostrate > P. distinctus > A. japonica > Scirpus juncoides Roxb.

  • PDF

Studies on the effect of phthalimido methyl-O,O-dimethyl-phosphorodithioate (Imidan) and its possible metabolites on the growth of rice plant (Phthalimido methyl-O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate (Imidan)과 그의 대사물질(代謝物質)이 수도(水稻) 생육(生育)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Lee, Sung-Hwan;Lee, Dong-Suk;Lee, Jae-Koo
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
    • /
    • v.7
    • /
    • pp.105-117
    • /
    • 1966
  • This experiment was conducted to investigate the effet of phthalimido-methyl-O,O-dimethyl-phosphorodithioate (Imidan) known as an acaricide and its possible metabolic products on the growth of plant, when sprayed on the leaves of rice plant. The results are summarized as follows. 1) Possible metabolic products of Imidan, the following compounds were synthesized or recrystallized for the present experiment a) N-Hydroxymethyl phthalimidem b) Phthalimide c) Phthalamidic acid d) Phthalic acid e) Anthranilic acid f) p-Amino benzoic acid g) p-Hydroxy benzoic acid h) Benzoic acid 2) Among the above materials, a), c), d), e), and Imidan were dissolved in a buffer solution respectively to be 10 and 20 p.p.m. and tested with the wheat coleoptile straight growth method. According to the results, Imidan inhibited the growth of coleoptile in both 10 and 20 p.p.m., whereas the others showed much better growth than the control, especially phthalamidic acid in 10 p.p.m. It appears that Imidan itself inhibits the coleoptile growth, whereas the metabolites derived from Imidan through various metabolisms, including hydrolysis in plant tissues show growth-regulating activity. (refer: Table 1, Fig. 1) 3) 20, 100 and 200 p.p.m. solutions of Imidall emulsion in xylene f·ere prepared. The lengths of shoot and root of rice seeds germinated on the re-respective media were measured after 12 days. The data showed that root was much more elongated in Imidan 20 p.p.m., whereas shoot in Imidan 100 p.p.m., respectively, than in the xylene control. An interesting finding was that xylene used as solvent had a tendency to inhibit seriously the root growth of rice seed. (refer: Table 2,5). 4) The emulsions of concentrations in 10, 25, 50 and 100 p.p.m's of control, Imidan, N-hydroxy methyl phthalimide, anthranilic acid, and phthalmide, respectively, were sprayed twice on the rice plant on pot. After a certain period of time lengths of rice culms were measured, showing that plots treated with Imidan and N-hydroxy methyl phthalimide exhibited much more growth than those of control and the others. 5) Loaves and stems of rice plant were sampled and extracted with dried acetone at the intervals of 3-, 5-, 7-, and 14 days after treated with Imidan 250 p.p.m. emulsion. This sample extracted with acetone was purified by means of prechromatographic purification method with acetonitrile and paperchromatographed to detect the following metabolic products. Imidan (Rf: 0.97-0,98), N-hydroxy-methyl phthalimide (Rf: 0.87) phthalimide (Rf: 0.86-0.87), phthalamidic acid (Rf: 0.13-0.14), phthalic acid (Rf: 0.02-0.03), benzoic acid (Rf: 0.42-0.43), p-amino benzoic acid or p-hydroxy benzoic acid (Rf: 0.08-0.09), and unidentified compounds (Rf: 0.73, 0.59, 0.33, 0.23. 0.07). In addition, in the early stages, such as 3- and 5 days nonhydrolyzed Imidan and its first hydrolytic product, N-hydroxymethyl phthalimide were detected in relatively large amounts, whereas in the last stages of 7- and 14 days due to further decomposition, the afore-mentioned two materials were reduced in the amount and p-hthalic, phthalamidic, benzoic, and p-Hydroxy benzoic, or p-Amino benzoic acids were detected in a considerably large amount. It is, therefore, believed that most of Imidan applied to the leaves of rice plant may be decomposed within almost 14 days. In the light of above observations it is considered that Imidan itself is not involved in plant growth regulating activity, whereas various phthaloyl derivatives produced in the course of metabolism (namelr, enzymic action) in plant tissues may have such effect.

  • PDF

An Assessment of Post-Injection Transmission Measurement for Attenuation Correction With Rotating Pin Sources in Positron Emission Tomography (양전자방출단층촬영(PET)에서 회전 핀선원과 투과 및 방출 동시 영상 방법을 이용한 감쇠보정 방법 특성에 관한 고찰)

  • Lee, J.R.;Choi, Y.;Lee, K.H.;Kim, S.E.;Chi, D.Y.;Shin, S.A.;Kim, B.T.
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
    • /
    • v.29 no.4
    • /
    • pp.533-540
    • /
    • 1995
  • Attenuation correction is important in producing quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) images. Conventionally, photon attenuation effects are corrected using transmission measurements performed before tracer administration. The pre-injection transmission measurement approach may require a time delay between transmission and emission scans for the tracer studies requiring a long uptake period, about 45 minutes for F-18 deoxyglucose study. The time delay will limit patient throughput and increase the likelihood of patient motion. A technique lot performing simultaneous transmission and emission scans (T+E method) after the tracer injection has been validated. The T+E method substracts the emission counts contaminating the transmission measurements to produce accurate attenuation correction coefficients. This method has been evaluated in experiments using a cylindrical phantom filled with background water (5750 cc) containing $0.4{\mu}Ci/cc$ of F-18 fluoride ion and one insert cylinder (276 cc) containing $4.3{\mu}Ci/cc$. GE $Advance^{TM}$ PET scanner and Ge-68 rotating pin sources for transmission scanning were used for this investigation. Post-injection transmission scan and emission scan were peformed alternatively over time. The error in emission images corrected using post-infection transmission scan to emission images corrected transmission scan was 2.6% at the concentration of $1.0{\mu}Ci/cc$. No obvious differences in image quality and noise were apparent between the two images. The attenuation correction can be accomplished with post-injection transmission measurement using rotating pin sources and this method can significantly shorten the time between transmission and omission scans and thereby reduce the likelihood of patient motion and increase scanning throughput in PET.

  • PDF

Effect of Herd-mix Feeding System formulated by Energy Requirement Levels on the Performance of Lactating Cows (에너지 요구수준에 의하여 조제한 자가배합사료 사양체계가 젖소의 산유능력에 미치는 영향)

  • Sung, H.G.;Kim, D.K.
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.46 no.5
    • /
    • pp.773-782
    • /
    • 2004
  • The objective of this work was to establish an approaching method for TMR feeding system in the farm situation by testing the effects of herd-mix feeding system on the performance of lactating cows. Fifty six Holstein cows were fed for the experimental period of 16 months. Prior to test the herd-mix feeding system, animals were kept on conventional feeding system for 4 months, separate feeding of forage with concentrate, then provided 3 types of herd-mix rations formulated by mean level of energy concentration requirement of higher 1/2 ranker in each herd for remaining 12 months to compare the effect on milk yield performance of animals with conventional feeding system by using a switch-over method. The herd-mix feeding system influenced substantially upon the improvements of milk yield(P<0.01) and milk fat percentage(P<0.05). In all of lactational ages, milk yield and milk fat were enhanced by the herd-mix feeding system. Especially, actual milk yield(AMY) and milk fat in the 1st lactating cows, and AMY and 4.0% fat corrected milk yield(FCM) in the 2nd lactating cows were increased signiticantly by the herd-mix feeding system(P<0.05). In the early and mid-stage of lactation, the herd-mix feeding system showed higher AMY and FCM compared with the conventional feeding system although the milk fat was not different. AMY, milk fat and FCM in the late-stage of lactation were increased generally by the herd-mix feeding system. Especially, milk fat and FCM obtained by the herd-mix feeding system were significantly higher than those by the conventional feeding system(P<0.01). The herd-mix feeding system showed a good type of milking curve with a higher persistency of FCM(93.24%) than in conventional one(92.69%). The income over feed cost with the herd-mix feeding system was lA-fold higher than that with the conventional feeding method. In conclusion, the results of this work suggest that the herd-mix feeding system based on a correct level of energy concentration of TMR and well-determined feed ingredients increases not only milk yield of dairy herd by enhancing the performance of cows in early to mid stage of lactation with improved milk persistency but also gross income of dairy farm.