• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.39-46
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the meaning of 'dis-joint' in the works of Louis I. Kahn. Kahn tried to realize his main architectural thoughts of 'what it wants to be' and 'how it was done' through his whole life. The concept of 'dis-joint' had been developed to visualize his architectural thoughts. Kahn used' dis-joint' to show and emphasize the structural system for the raison d'etre of building. Kahn's 'dis-joint' can be categorized as 'spacing', 'butt', 'slit' and 'protrusion'. Kahn used this kind of unusual way of joint beyond simple exposure to stress the existence of element, part and building itself. Through variable combination usage of 'dis-joint', Kahn can realize his architectural thoughts into building in a concrete way. The efficiency and function of joint is not the main issue in his works. 'Dis-joint' was the concrete tool to show the tectonic of architecture and construction process to enhance its presence. Therefore 'dis-joint' of Kahn's architecture is not a joint only to combine building parts but a concrete mean to realize his thoughts in a corporeal way. These facts insinuate that Kahn's architectural philosophy is based on the thoughts of tectonic and its realization.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.209-212
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• 2007

This study was performed to establish the early pregnancy diagnosis with evaluation of size of embryonic vesicles and change of crown-rump length (CRL) by transrectal ultrasonography in the Korean black goats. Early pregnancy diagnosis was performed in the 114 goats from 19 to 35 days after coitus by transrectal 5.0 MHz transducer. Embryonic vesicles and CRL in the 142 goats from 19 to 42 days was measured to establish the correlation between gestational age and these parameters. The early pregnancy diagnosis achieved 80% accuracy after days 25 and 100% accuracy after days 28 after breeding. Diameters of embryonic vesicle and CRL were significantly increased with the gestational age. In these facts, early pregnancy diagnosis is possible on Days 25 after breeding and measurement of embryonic vesicles and CRL were useful to predict the gestational age in Korean black goat.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.161-174
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• 2010

The purpose of the study is to analyze various types of errors appeared in true-false proof problems of matrix and to find out correction method. In order to achieve this purpose, error test was conducted to the subject of 87 second grade students who were chosen from D high schoool. It was shown from this test that the most frequent error type was caused by the lack of understanding about concepts and essential facts of matrix(35.3%), and then caused by the invalid logically reasoning (27.4%), and then caused by the misusing conditions(18.7%). Through three hours of correction lessons with 5 students, the following correction teaching method was proposed. First, it is stressed that the operation rules and properties satisfied in real number system can not be applied in matrix. Second, it is taught that the analytical proof method and the reductio ad absurdum method are useful in the proof problem of matrix. Third, it is explained that the counter example of E=$\begin{pmatrix}1\;0\\0\;1 \end{pmatrix}$, -E should be found in proof of the false statement. Fourth, it is taught that the determinant condition should be checked for the existence of the inverse matrix.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.51-62
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• 2021

On-chip caches of graphics processing units (GPUs) have contributed to improved GPU performance by reducing long memory access latency. However, cache efficiency remains low despite the facts that recent GPUs have considerably mitigated the bottleneck problem of L1 data cache. Although the cache miss rate is a reasonable metric for cache efficiency, it is not necessarily proportional to GPU performance. In this study, we introduce a second key determinant to overcome the problem of predicting the performance gains from L1 data cache based on the assumption that miss rate only is not accurate. The proposed technique estimates the benefits of the cache by measuring the balance between cache efficiency and throughput. The throughput of the cache is predicted based on the warp occupancy information in the warp pool. Then, the warp occupancy is used for a second bypass phase when workloads show an ambiguous miss rate. In our proposed architecture, the L1 data cache is turned off for a long period when the warp occupancy is not high. Our two-level bypassing technique can be applied to recent GPU models and improves the performance by 6% on average compared to the architecture without bypassing. Moreover, it outperforms the conventional bottleneck-based bypassing techniques.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.215-218
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• 2005

An atlas of high resolution (${\lambda}/{\Delta}{\lambda}$=45,000) profiles of interstellar atomic lines of K I (7665, 7699 ${\AA}$), Na I (D 1, D2), Ca II (H, K), Ca I (4227 ${\AA}$), molecular structures of CH, CH+, CN and the major diffuse interstellar bands at 5780 and 5797 ${\AA}$ based on ${\~}$300 echelle spectra of ${\~}$200 OB stars is presented. Relationships between the reddenings, distances and equivalent widths of NaI, CaII, KI, CH, CH+, CN and diffuse bands are discussed. The equivalent width of K I (7699 ${\AA}$) as well as of CH4300 ${\AA}$ / correlate very tightly with E(B- V) in contrast to the features of neutral sodium, ionized calcium and the molecular ion CH+. The equivalent widths of the Hand K lines of Call grow with distance at a rate ${\~}$250m${\AA}$ per 1 kpc. A similar relation for NaI is much less tight. The strengths of neutral potassium lines, molecular features and diffuse interstellar bands do not correlate practically with distance. These facts suggest that ionized calcium fills the interstellar space quite homogeneously while the other carriers mentioned above, especially K I, CH and these of diffuse bands occupy more and more compact volumes, also filled with dust grains. Apparently the carriers of narrow diffuse bands are spatially correlated with simple molecules and dust grains - all abundant in the so-called 'zeta' type clouds. The same environment seems to be hostile to the carriers of broad diffuse interstellar bands (DIEs) (like 5780 or 6284) and -to a certain extent - also to CaII, NaI and CH+.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2008

Located in the middle of lanes, the station of a median exclusive bus lane generates pedestrian groups on the green light of a crosswalk and causes pedestrians delays passing the access section. For the purpose of showing these facts, the pedestrian analysis, on which the queuing theory is applied, is presented in this study. The Result is that the pedestrian environment was deteriorated (LOS D) compared to an exciting pedestrian analysis based on 15 minutes of pedestrian volume (LOS A). A pedestrian level of service has been reevaluated based on an arrival rate on the median bus station in order to examine whether the result reflects reality or not. In result, it was similar outcomes to this study.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.8D no.2
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• pp.181-192
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• 2001

XML/EDI is different from traditional EDI because it offers the framework necessary for electronic commerce and extends the scope of the traditional EDI which focuses on data transfer. Since existing EDI services are moved to Internet platform and again to Web platform, users can use EDI in the integrated environment without inconvenience of using different EDI softwares, which have their own configurations. This paper describes the overall design and implementation of a Web-based XML/EDI system that is a core component for the electronic commerce. The constructed XML/EDI system in this paper is comprised of document generation module, document storage module, document search module, document management module, template document management module and e-mail transmission module. Requirements and design goal of XML/EDI system are introduced, detailed functionalities of modules and design facts are described and execution and execution procedures of the implemented system are explained.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.77-104
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• 2006

Utilizing the patent application data between 1997 and 2002, this study focuses on analysing the impact of patents on firm value. Especially we attempt to examine the difference of patents between venture firms and general firms. This paper first shows that the number of the patent applications of general firms listed on the securities market are more than those of venture firms listed on KOSDAQ. It is thought that this result is originated from facts that the size of firms of the securities market is usually bigger than the firms of KOSDAQ and that these large firms could manage R&D more efficiently. Second, this paper reports that there is no difference in the ratio of patent maintenance between venture firms and general firms. Both venture firms and non-venture firms would do their best to keep their patents after patent regisration. Third, in the regression of patent index and firm growth, we find that the excellence of patent and the number of patents per employee would have an impact on the growth of firms. Fourth, the regression of patent index and profitability shows that the excellence and the number of patents per employee might have an effect on the profitability of firms.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.3 no.2 s.7
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• pp.11-16
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• 1999

Oil and LNG products are characterized by the facts that the raw materials are all imported and financing is dependent heavily upon foreign countries. This makes the oil and LNG products sensitive to changes in foreign exchange rates. However, the extent to which they respond to changes in foreign exchange rates, particularly the extent of price changes, vary considerably, due to the differences in the structures of price determination. The purposes of this paper are twofolds. The first one is to analyze the structures of price determination of diesel, heavy oil, and LNG. The second one is to analyze the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates on the prices of and price competitiveness of the fuels in question through the sensitivity analysis. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that diesel price is most sensitive and heavy oil price is least sensitive to changes in foreign exchange rates.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.191-203
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• 2010

"Bonchogyeongjipju(本草經集注)" is a pharmacological classic published in the Southern and Northern Dynasties(南北朝時代, 420-589 A.D.) in China by Dohonggyeong(陶弘景, 456-536 A.D.). In "Bonchogyeongjipju(本草經集注)", Dohonggyeong(陶弘景) edited "Sinnongbonchogyeong(神農本草經)", the earliest classical text about material medica containing notes for 365 drugs, by adding another 365 drugs and further information from "Myeong-uibyeollok(名醫別錄)" and writing extended commentaries on them. His commentaries include changes in the geographical distribution, identification of varieties and other various special characteristics. The original text had gradually disappeared after other pharmacological classics were published such as "Sinsuboncho(新修本草)", in Dang Dynasty(唐代), "Gyeongsajeungryubigeupboncho(經史證類備急本草)" in Song Dynasty(宋代). All of these books were based on "Bonchogyeongjipju(本草經集注)", so the original text can be seen indirectly through these later sources. In the early 1900's, a transcribed manuscript of the preface "Bonchogyeongjipju(本草經集注)" was found almost wholly preserved except the first three lines, in the Makgo(莫高) cave of Donhwang(敦煌). Broken strips of transcribed "Bonchogyeongjipju(本草經集注)" have also been excavated in Turfan[吐魯番], which shows its original form written in red and black ink. Mayanagi Makoto[眞柳誠] researched on Donhwang(敦煌) and Turfan[吐魯番] editions, ascertained their existence and explained their bibliographical and historical facts. Sangjigyun(尙志鈞) restored "Bonchogyeongjipju(本草經集注)" based on other related sources such as Donhwang(敦煌) and Turfan[吐魯番] editions. " Bonchogyeongjipju(本草經集注)" can be said as the locus classicus(典範) of herbal medicine, that is most of the following materia medica was based on it. It makes it possible to pass down "Sinnongbonchogyeong(神農本草經)" to posterity and provide a foundation for herbal medical development.