• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.630-635
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• 2000

Previous research has not evaluated the effects of various rates and frequencies of manure application and frequencies of cutting on yield and stand persistence of cool-season grasses and alfalfa-grass mixtures. The primary objective of this study was to compare the effects of cutting management systems on herbage yield and stand persistence of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and an alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)-orchardgrass mixture from various rates and frequencies of dairy slurry application. A randomized complete block design with treatments in a sub-subplot arrangement with four replicates was used. The main plot consisted of 2 cutting management systems (4 and 5 annual cuttings). The subplots were 9 fertility treatments: 7 slurry rate and frequency of application treatments, one inorganic fertilizer treatment, and an unfertilized control. The split-split-plots were the two forage species: orchardgrass and alfalfa-orchardgrass mixture. The study was initiated after 1st cutting in 1995. Cumulative yields of the 2nd and subsequent cuttings of both orchardgrass and alfalfa-orchardgrass in 1995 were higher for the 5-cutting system than the 4-cutting system. The 1995 growing season was abnormally dry. In 1996, an abnormally wet year, the reverse was true, total herbage yields being higher for the 4-cutting system than the 5-cutting system. Species response to fertility rate/frequency treatments was different in both years. Higher application rates early in the season and carryover of nutrients from late season applications the previous year appear to be responsible for the yield increases of those fertility treatments having significant yield differences between the cutting management systems. The stand ratings of orchardgrass were not affected by cutting management. In the spring of 1997, however, the stand ratings of alfalfa-orchardgrass in the 4-cutting management system were significantly greater than the 5-cutting management system. The very high manure application rate significantly reduced the stand ratings of alfalfa-orchardgrass in the 5-cutting system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.276-279
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• 1996

This paper deals with the method providing an exact solution to the 3-dimensional guillotine cutting stock problem. We suggest a 3-stage sutting method using the property that cubic material has to be cut into 2-dimensional planes firstly. This method requires more stocks that the general guillotine cutting methods but can save work force. By using the 1-dimensional dynamic programming, we reduce the computational time and the memory requirement in the 3-stage guillotine cutting method.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.96-102
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• 1989

This field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of grazing and cutting management on the forage production and botanical composition at different legumes sown swards of the experimental field of Livestock Experiment Station. in Suweon, from Aug. 1985 to Oct. 1988. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Dry matter yield of cutting management (1213.0 kg/lOa) was higher by 19% than that of grazing management (1016.8 kg/lOa). Yield of pasture mixtures including alfalfa both cutting and grazing were higher than those including ladino clover and red clover. Yield under grazing was inferior to cutting in the first year but superior in the second year. 2. Seasonal dry matter production under grazing showed 5 1% in spring, 33% in summer and 16% in autumn, but under cutting showed 46% in spring, 42% in summer and 12% in autumn. 3. Daily dry matter production per 10a under grazing is decreased 5.9 kg in spring, 5.5 kg in summer and 3.7 kg in autumn. But under cutting is decreased 8.7 kg in summer, 6.6 kg in spring and 3.4 kg in autumn. 4. Botanical compositions of mixtures swards involving ladino clover and red clover were not influenced by method of defoliation. But mixtures swards including alfalfa were highly influenced by method of defoliation. Alfalfa ratio at the time of final utilization under grazing was about 30%, but under cutting was about 70-80%.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.274-279
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• 2017

LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) panel cutting problem is a sort of two dimensional cutting stock problem. A cutting stock problem is problem that it minimizes the loss of the stock when a stock is cut into various parts. In the most research of the two dimensional cutting stock problem, it is supposed that the relative angle of a stock and parts is not important. Usually the angle is regarded as horizontal or perpendicular. In the manufacturing of polarizing film of LCD, the relative angle should be maintained at some specific angle because of the physical and/or chemical characteristics of raw material. We propose a mathematical model for solving this problem, a two-dimensional non-Guillotine cutting stock problem that is restricted by an arranged angle. Some example problems are solved by the C++ program using ILOG CPLEX classes. We could get the verification and validation of the suggested model based on the solutions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.104-107
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• 1996

This paper focuses on a automation selection of optimal cutting conditions and cycle time for multi-spindle metal cutting machines based on machining parameters and tool change schemes which are the two most common terms used in the metal cutting. In this research we used two step generative approach, step 1 is mathematical modeling for the selection fo optimal cutting conditions and the other is GMDH-Type modeling to estimate the system performance evaluation. We developed computer programs for these models and the fitting manufacturing examples are applied to this model and it was shown that the proposed approach has a good potential and offers a valuable tools to analyse the metal cutting system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.95-102
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• 2013

It is indispensable to modern society metal processing since the industrialized rapidly, but it is a metalworking cutting fluid immediately. In addition, this means selecting a emulsion on the basis of quality criteria processing method, the material of the material, cutting depth, cutting speed, Djourou fence Liang, and surface roughness, cutting oil, the shape of the device based on the emulsion, I will be the structure of the tank, filtration equipment also changes. In particular, acting bacteria is now breeding in response to the passage of time due to metal ion degradation due to heat generated hydraulic fluid leakage, humidity tung, during processing, seep from processing material at the time of processing the water-soluble cutting oil for generating the malodor by dropping significantly the performance of the cutting oil to corruption from, sometimes by introducing various additives to suppress spoilage in advance. In this study, we expect the effect of the cost reduction in the extension of fluid replacement cycle through the application of the management apparatus and deep understanding in the management of cutting fluid, the working environment through the understanding and interest of workers in the production site more than anything I try to become useful for the improvement.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.702-709
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate microbiological contamination of knives and cutting boards in child-care centers. Materials used in this study were swabbed of cutting boards and knives (blade, handle of knife, and joint of handle and blade) in 129 child-care centers. Mean values of total aerobic bacteria of swabs of knives and cutting boards were 1.7±0.7 log cfu/100 ㎠ and 1.7±0.9 log cfu/100 ㎠, respectively. Contamination levels of coliform bacteria from knives and cutting boards were 1.5±0.6 log cfu/100 ㎠ and 1.7±0.8 log cfu/100 ㎠, respectively. Comparing microbiological contamination levels of knives and cutting boards according to type and size of child-care centers, there was no significant difference. Bacillus cereus was detected in knife handles and cutting boards. Diarrhea-type toxin gene (entFM) was detected in B. cereus isolates. Antibiotic resistance tests showed that B. cereus was resistant to β-lactam antibiotics. To reduce microbiological contamination levels of knives and cutting boards in child-care centers and prevent food poisoning from bacteria contamination, continuous education by children's food-service management center is needed for sterilization and disinfection of knives and cutting boards.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 1990

This field experiment was undertaken to find out the effect of grazing and cutting management on the forage quality and soil hardness at different legumes sown swards of the experimental field of Livestock Experiment Station in Suweon, from August 1985 to October 1988. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Crude protein, crude fat and ash contents under grazing were higher than these under cutting, but showed the reverse results in crude fiber and nitrogen free extracts contents. Average in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) under grazing (72 %) was a little higher than that under cutting (71 %). On the other hand, there was little difference among the mixtures swards in mineral contents and IVDMD. 2. The contents of Ca, P and Mg were a little high in the cutting, but K and Na contents were in gazing. Ca: P ratio in grazing (2.97) was slightly higher than that of cutting (2.94). 3. Production of energies(TDN, StE and NEL) with cutting were appeard to increase by 19.4 %, 13.5 %and 19.0 % than those of grazing, respectively. Mixtures swards including alfalfa showed more production both grazing and cutting. 4. Soil hardness in the top lOcm of soil by cattle grazing was changed from 15.5mm at startihg year to 22.6 mm after 3 years, but in cutting slightly increase from 15.5mm to 16.2mm. Generally it was low in early spring and high in autumn.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.242-250
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• 2010

For economical and environmental reasons, the aim of this research is hence to monitor the cutting conditions with the dry cutting, the wet cutting, and the mist cutting to obtain the proper cutting condition for the plain carbon steel with the ball end milling based on the consideration of the surface roughness of the machined parts, the life of the cutting tools, the use of the cutting fluids, the density of the particles of cutting fluids dispersed in the working area, and the cost of cutting. The experimentally obtained results of the relation between tool wear and surface roughness, the relation between tool wear and cutting force, and the relation between cutting force and surface roughness are correspondent with the same trend. The phenomena of surface roughness and tool wear can be explained by the in-process cutting forces. The models of the tool wear with the cutting conditions and the cutting times are proposed to estimate the tool cost for the different cooling strategies based on the experimental data using the multiple regression technique. The cutting cost is calculated from the costs of cutting tool and cutting fluid. The mist cutting gives the lowest cutting cost as compared to others. The experimentally obtained proper cutting condition is determined based on the experimental results referring to the criteria.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.225-239
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• 2000

The objective of ECMS(Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing Systems) is to consider environmental effects through the entire product life cycle from product development stage to design, manufacturing, supplying, using and disposing stage. Recently, environment-oriented recycling, reusing and manufacturing technologies have been researched actively in every engineering fields. In the field of chemical engineering, HHS(Health Hazard Scores) which classifies and analyzes hazardous materials in production processes has been presented. Metal cutting processes also have a lot of harmful factors, and especially hazardous components in cutting fluids have been known to have a bad effect on workers and working area. However, research works such as HHS have been little accomplished in metal cutting processes. In this research, a environmentally conscious machining process is presented by classifying hazardous components in cutting fluids, by using LCA(Life Cycle Assessments) and HHS method, and by evaluating environmental effects from cutting fluids.