• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.962-975
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• 2020

The accurate segmentation of infant brain MR image into white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is very important for early studying of brain growing patterns and morphological changes in neurodevelopmental disorders. Because of inherent myelination and maturation process, the WM and GM of babies (between 6 and 9 months of age) exhibit similar intensity levels in both T1-weighted (T1w) and T2-weighted (T2w) MR images in the isointense phase, which makes brain tissue segmentation very difficult. We propose a deep network architecture based on U-Net, called Triple Residual Multiscale Fully Convolutional Network (TRMFCN), whose structure exists three gates of input and inserts two blocks: residual multiscale block and concatenate block. We solved some difficulties and completed the segmentation task with the model. Our model outperforms the U-Net and some cutting-edge deep networks based on U-Net in evaluation of WM, GM and CSF. The data set we used for training and testing comes from iSeg-2017 challenge (http://iseg2017.web.unc.edu).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.719-725
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• 2004

Mesquite or Vilayati babul (Prosopis juliflora) is a drought resistant, evergreen, spiny tree with drooping branches and a deep laterally spreading root system. It grows in semi-arid and arid tracts of tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world and is spreading because the leaves are unpalatable and animals do not digest its seed. The mesquite has become a major nuisance; cutting or pruning its branches to form a canopy would provide shade for travelers, aid harvesting of pods, as well as make available wood for fuel. An average plant starts fruiting by 3-4 years of age and yields annually 10-50 kg pods/ tree, which can be collected from May-June and September-October. Availability of pods worldwide is estimated to be about 2-4 million metric tonnes. Ripe pods are highly palatable; on dry matter basis they contain 12% crude protein, 15% free sugar, a moderate level of digestible crude protein (7% DCP) with a high level of energy (75% TDN). The pods contain low tannin levels below those toxic to animals. Seeds contain 31-37% protein; pods should be finely ground before feeding to facilitate utilization of the seeds. Mesquite pods could replace costlier feed ingredients such as grain and bran contributing 10-50% of the diet. Phosphorus supplements need to be added when mesquite pod, exceeds 20% of animals' diet.

• 복식
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2004

The ceremonies were roughly categorized into four： coming of age, marriage, funeral and ancestral worship. Among them, the funeral was a representative example to show ancestral worship. As it symbolizes the worship to ancestors, its procedure was complicated and formalized. It was undoubtedly certain that formalized mourning dresses and complicated table setting for sacrificial services to ancestors were burdens. Although what was symbolized by mourning dresses was different depending on the wearers purposes, it was thought that no clothing had such unusual symbolism as mourning dress. When the composition of mourning dress was examined, it was shown that Taoism, family relation of Confucianism or symbolic clothing system of Shamanism were combined. Mourning dress first represented the Confucian idea of ancestral worship. For the composition of clothing in which a shamanistic element was inherent, forms of birds were used to guide the dead soul to the other world. In cutting out mourning dress, opposite concepts of Yin and Yang, and closure and openness were used to show a harmony between heaven and the earth. Male and female were represented through sewing techniques. The period of observing the mourning period depended on the degree of kinship. The degree to which the clothing was loose indicated the degree of sadness and kinship. Load blocks and tear pads indicated the degree of sadness. In considering the above indicators, family relation and filial piety to ancestors had a great effect on the form and details of mourning dress. Shamanistic elements as well as Confucian ones were inherent in mourning dress, which resulted in the combination of Taoism and Confucianism.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.95-111
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• 2001

To carry out the Integrated Fruit Production(IFP), researches on cover crops as well the Integrated Pest Management(IPM) and the Integrated Nutrition Management(INM) should be very important. These concepts are neither clear nor connective till now. The researches on cover crops in Europe and USA are being kept within the category of IFP. Main researches on fruit trees for sustainable agriculture in Italy are new variety creation, development of growing techniques, pest and disease control, and cover crops management, etc. It is necessary of fruit industry in Korea to maintain good quality and taco-friendly fruit production. For this goal, we need international cooperation with highly developed countries in Europe. In first step, we should enlarge research areas and analyze results obtained to get farmers understood the concept of cover crop growing, Furthermore, we make researches more profoundly on cover crops growing considering tree age, mixing rates among cover crops, seeding and cutting time for cover crops, and so on. Researchers, specialists of agricultural extensions, and farmers should concentrate their opinions and conduct IFP together. The IFP should go on systematically and reach finally to get certificates internationally by the International Organization for Biological and integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants(IOBC) to enhance selling and exporting fruits.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.698-698
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• 2014

According to the analysis of special medical examination and work environment monitoring data, the rate of C1 and D1 on noise hazard exceeded 90% among those of total hazardous factors. The rate of company exceeding noise exposure limit was also more than 90%. The analysis result shows that main ages diagnosed with C1 and D1 was age of 50s. The majority scale company having workers diagnosed with C1 and D1 was the companies employing 5~49 workers. Types of industries which have a large number of companies exceeding noise exposure limit were automobile and trailer manufacturing, metal processing industry and primary metal manufacturing. A large number of work processes exceeding noise exposure limit were forming and processing work, cutting and bending work and grinding. To reduce the number of company exceeding noise exposure limit, the reduction counterplan should be focused on the type of industry and the work process which exceeded noise exposure limit frequently. However, the reduction counterplan is preemptively necessary to the type of industry and the work process which exceeded noise exposure limit consecutively if the purpose of reduction counterplan is not to merely reduce the number of company exceeding noise exposure limit but to abate workers' suffering from noise.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2017

Recently in the area of ICT, the M2M and IoT are in the spotlight as a cutting edge technology with the help of advancement of internet. Among those fields, the smart home is the closest area to our daily lives. Smart home has the purpose to lead a user more convenient living in the house with WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) or other short-range communication environments using automated appliances. With an arrival of the age of IoT, this can be described as one axis of a variety of applications as for the M2H (Machine to Home) field in M2M. In this paper, we propose a novel technique for estimating the location of a terminal that freely move within a specified area using the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) in the WLAN environment. In order to perform the location estimation, the Fingerprint and KNN methods are utilized and the LMS with the gradient descent method and the proposed algorithm are also used through the error correction functions for locating the real-time position of a moving user who is keeping a smart terminal. From the estimated location, the nearest fixed devices which are general electric appliances were supposed to work appropriately for self-operating of virtual smart home. Through the experiments, connection and operation success rate, and the performance results are analyzed, presenting the verification results.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to provide information on how to improve the current design of infant coveralls through analysis of the design preferences of Korean consumer. In order to compile the information about preferences with the detail design of infant coveralls, a questionnaire was administered to mothers of 241 infants (aged under 36 months) living in Seoul, and analyzed using the SPSS WIN.10.0 program. The results of this study were as follows : 1) Results of buying conditions and design preference of infant coverall : To the question asking what kind of materials they preferred according to the season as material for infant coverall, the respondents preferred cotton hit as the materials for summer, but padding material for winter. The most favored design type were a flat collar, regular bodice type without cutting line, a raglan sleeves, snap front fastener, elastic band cuffs. 2) There is significant difference in preferred material and design among the month of age groups. 3) Analysis of the differences in preferred material and detail design according to gender In preferred material, it seemed as if girl baby group prefer cotton knit material, while boy baby group prefer padding material. There is definite difference in preferred neckline type, girl baby group prefer flat collar, while boy baby group prefer stand collar.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2021

In order to collect basic data for the improvement of fishing systems in coastal improved stow net fishery, a questionnaire survey and on-site hearing were conducted from May 10 to June 11, 2019 on the basic items of coastal improved stow net fishery and safety accidents that occurred during fishing operation. The questionnaire for the survey on the actual conditions of coastal improved stow net fishery consisted of a survey on basic matters (six questions) and a questionnaire (six questions) on safety accidents occurring during fishing operation. The results of the survey on basic items were analyzed by region (Incheon, Seocheon, Gunsan and Mokpo), by the captain's age (less than 50 years of age, 50 to 60 years and more than 60 years of age), by the captain's career (less than 20 years, 20 to 30 years, 30 to 40 years and more than 40 years) and by the age of fishing vessel (less than 10 years, 10 to 20 years and more than 20 years). According to the survey on basic items of coastal improved stow net fishery such as the captain's age, the captain's career, the age of fishing vessel, the fishing nets in use, the crews on board and the operation days per voyage by region, the average captain's age was 55.7 years, the average captain's career was 20.5 years, the average age of fishing vessels was 9.0 years, the average numbers of nets used by fishing boats was 14.0 sets, the average numbers of crew on board a fishing boat was 4.4 persons and the average numbers of operation days per voyage was 4.9 days (p < 0.05). As a result of the survey on safety factors during fishing operations, such as experience of ship accidents, major causes of ship accidents experienced, causes of ship accidents (first priority), experience of human accidents, major causes of human accidents, and causes of human accidents (first priority), more than 96% of the respondents experienced ship accidents including collisions with other vessels or fishing gear during fishing operations. The most significant cause of the accident was the other's fishing gear installed in the fishing grounds. The first possible causes of ship accidents during fishing operations were found to be other fishing gear installed in fishing grounds, steering or engine failure, and inability to avoid accidents during casting and hauling nets. The survey of the experience of human accidents, such as injuries or sea falls, showed that more than 90% of the respondents experienced human accidents during fishing operations. The most important cause of accidents experienced during fishing operations was stucked in a fishing gear during casting and hauling nets. The first important causes of accidents during fishing operations were movement of the fishing gear during casting and hauling nets, damage of the fishing gear such as rope cutting. The results are expected to be provided as a basic data to prevent safety accidents occurring during fishing operation and improve the fishing system in the coastal improved stow net fishery.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.618-638
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• 2022

경기육괴 중서부에 위치한 화성시 우음도 일대에는 고원생대 호상편마암을 관입하고 있는 중기 쥐라기의 화강암 암맥군이 발달한다. 우음도 일대의 대표 노두에서 야외 횡절관계를 근거하면 4개의 암맥들(UE-A, UE-C, UE-D, UE-E)로 구분되며, 방향성에 따라서는 북서 방향(UE-A 암맥), 북서 내지 서북서 방향(UE-C 암맥), 북동 방향(UE-D 및 UE-E 암맥)의 3개의 암맥군으로 나타난다. 이들 화강암 암맥들은 괴상의 중립~조립질의 흑운모 화강암으로 야외에서 관찰된 이들의 상대연령은 UE-A, UE-D (=UE-E), UE-C 순으로 젊어진다. 또한 암맥들의 기하학적 분석으로부터 UEA 및 UE-C 암맥은 대략 북동-남서 방향의 최소수평응력장 하에서 관입한 것으로 판단된다. 주원소 분석에 의한 SiO₂ 평균 함량에서 비교적 낮은 값을 보인 UE-A 암맥은 다른 암맥들보다 초기 마그마 분화의 산물임을 지시하여 암맥들의 상대연령과도 부합한다. SHRIMP 저어콘 U-Pb 연대측정으로부터 구한 암맥별 ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U 누적평균연령은 각각 약 167 Ma (UE-A), 164 Ma (UE-C), 167 Ma (UE-D), 167 Ma (UE-E)로 UE-A, UE-D, UE-E 암맥들은 매우 유사한 연령을 보이며 이들 암맥 중 가장 세립인 UE-C 암맥은 가장 젊은 연령을 나타내어 야외에서 관찰한 상호 횡절관계에 의한 상대연령과 주원소 분석 결과와도 일치한다. 따라서 연구지역의 화강암 암맥들은 중생대 중기 쥐라기(약 167 Ma와 164 Ma)에 짧은 시간 간격을 두고 다양한 화강암질 마그마가 관입한 결과이며, 이들 관입 시기는 지리적으로 중기 쥐라기 암체들이 널리 분포하고 있는 경기육괴의 심성암체들과 일치하는 연령이다. 따라서 연구지역의 화강암 암맥군은 지구조적으로 쥐라기 동안 섭입하는 해양판의 얕아지는 섭입각과 함께 북서 방향으로 이동하는 화성활동의 결과로 형성되었음을 의미한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제111권4호
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• pp.613-621
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• 2022

본 연구는 5차, 6차, 7차 국가산림조사 자료 중 아까시나무가 우점종인 표본점을 수집하여, 산림조사 차수별, 기후대별(온대 북부, 온대중부, 온대남부, 난대지역), 해발고별(100 m 단위) 흉고직경, 입목본수, ha당 재적 및 지위지수의 변화를 구명하고자 하였다. 또한 용재로서 사용을 위한 기준인 벌기령을 산정하였다. 그리고 변화 구명은 통계처리 기법 중 분산분석과 Duncan 검정으로서 이행하였다. 흉고직경의 변화를 보면, 당연히 산림조사 차수에 따라 증가하였고, 기후대별로는 온대남부 지역에서 가장 생장이 좋지 않았으며, 해발고별로는 301-400 m 지점에서 가장 생장이 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. ha당 입목밀도는 산림조사 차수별, 해발고에 따라서 서로 간 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 온대중부 지역에서 밀도가 가장 높고, 온대남부 지역이 가장 낮은 밀도를 보였다. ha당 임분재적은 산림조사 차수에 따라 증가하였고, 온대북부·온대중부 지역과 온대남부·난대 지역으로 크게 두 그룹으로 구분되며, 해발고 201-300 m에서 재적생장량이 가장 높았다. 지위지수는 ha당 임분재적 변화와 유사한 결과를 보여 주었다. 그리고 아까시나무의 ha당 재적변화를 알 수 있는 생장량 곡선은 Weibull 함수식으로 추정하였으며, 임분재적은 임령 50-60년에 이를 때 약 200 m³에 달할 것으로 예측되었다. 아까시나무를 밀원 자원이 아닌 용재로 이용하기 위한 기준인 재적수확최대벌기령을 계산한 결과 34년으로 나타났다.