• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.119-129
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 선적분화 된 체적력항을 갖는 경계요소법을 이용하여, Griffi- th균열에 대한 열응력세기계수를 구하여 Sumi의 결과와 비교 검토하고, 유무한체내의 대칭 입술형및 대칭 익형 커스프균열들(symmetric lip and airfoil cusp cracks)의 열 응력세기계수를 균열묘면이 단열된 경우와 일정 온도로 유지된 경우에 대해 계산하고 자 한다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2005년도 창립60주년 기념 추계 학술대회
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• pp.170.2-170.2
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• 2005

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.406-417
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• 1997

초크랄스키법들 의한 8인치 실리콘 단결정 성장계에 대칭과 비대칭 커스프 자장을 인가하여 결정을 성장시켰을 때 축방향으로 일정한 산소농도분포를 가질 수 있는 적절한 인가 자장의 크기와 비대칭도에 대한 수치해석적 연구를 수행하였다. 결정이 성장할 때 커스프 자장의 형태가 유지되는 방법으로 도가니의 위치를 변화시키는 방법과 인가코일의 위치를 변화시키는 방법을 비교하였다. 대칭 커스프 자장이 인가된 경우, 축방향으로 일정한 산소농도를 얻을 수 있는 자장의 강도변화는 결정이 성장함에 따라 아래로 볼록한 형태를 띠었다. 축밟향으로 일정한 산소농도분포를 갖기 위해 도가니의 위치를 변화시키는 방법과 코일의 위치를 변화시키는 방법을 비교한 결과 비슷한 산소농도의 표준편차값을 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 비대칭 자장이 인가된 경우, 축방향으로 일정한 산소농도 분포를 얻기 위해서는 비대칭도는 결정이 성장함에 따라 점차 증가하는 양상을 보였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.329-335
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• 2010

We investigate the sources of the variation of the high-latitude thermospheric neutral mass density depending on the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions. For this purpose, we have carried out the National Center for Atmospheric Research Thermosphere-Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (NCAR-TIEGCM) simulations for various IMF conditions under summer condition in the southern hemisphere. The NCAR-TIEGCM is combined with a new empirical model that provides a forcing to the thermosphere in high latitudes. The difference of the high-latitude thermospheric neutral mass density (subtraction of the values for zero IMF condition from the values for non-zero IMF conditions) shows a dependence on the IMF condition: For negative $B_y$ condition, there are significantly enhanced difference densities in the dusk sector and around midnight. Under the positive-$B_y$ condition, there is a decrease in the early morning hours including the dawn side poleward of $-70^{\circ}$. For negative $B_z$, the difference of the thermospheric densities shows a strong enhancement in the cusp region and around midnight, but decreases in the dawn sector. In the dusk sector, those values are relatively larger than those in the dawn sector. The density difference under positive-$B_z$ condition shows decreases generally. The density difference is more significant under negative-$B_z$ condition than under positive-$B_z$ condition. The dependence of the density difference on the IMF conditions in high latitudes, especially, in the dawn and dusk sectors can be explained by the effect of thermospheric winds that are associated with the ionospheric convection and vary following the direction of the IMF. In auroral and cusp regions, heating of thermosphere by ionospheric currents and/or auroral particle precipitation can be also the source of the dependence of the density difference on the IMF conditions.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1483-1495
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• 1994

A quantitative analysis of a surface roughness for a precision machining of a sculptured surface in milling process is treated under superposition theory in this paper. The geometrical surface rouhgness is calculated as a function of feed per tooth, path interval, radii of tool and cutting edge, and radii of curvatures of workiece. Through machining experiments in a 3-axis machining center, we confirmed the adequacy of the adequacy of the analysis. While cutter mark is neglegible in ball endmilling, it is significant in flat endmilling. When feed per tooth is very small, flat endmilling gives superior finish to ball endmilling. In flat endmilling, cutting condition and cutter path should be strategically chosen to balance the cutter mark height and cusp height.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.445-447
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• 2007

관상동맥 개구부의 폐쇄, 특히 우관상판첨에 의한 경우는 매우 드물다. 저자들은 류마티스성 대동맥판막협착증과 함께 우관상판첨이 대동맥 벽에 유착되면서 발생한 우관상동맥 개구부 폐쇄를 경험하였다. 수술 시 유착된 우관상판첨을 절제한 후 우관상동맥 개구부는 폐쇄가 없음을 확인할 수 있었고 다른 판첨들을 제거한 후 기계판막을 이용하여 대동맥 판막 치환술을 시행하였다. 환자는 양호한 상태로 외래에서 추적관찰중이다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.988-1004
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• 1996

The characteristics of flow and oxygen concentration are numerically studied in Czochralski 8" silicon crystal growing process considering radiative heat transfer. The analysis of net radiative heat flux on all relevant surfaces shows growing crystal affects the heater power. Furthermore, the variation of the radiative heat flux along the crystal surface in the growing direction is confirmed and should be a cause of thermal stress and defect of the crystal. The calculated distributions of temperature and, heat flux along the wall boundaries including melt/crystal interface, free surface and crucible wall indicate that the frequently used assumption of the thermal boundary conditions of insulated crucible bottom and constant temperature at crucible side wall is not suitable to meet the real physical boundary conditions. It is necessary, therefore, to calculate radiative heat transfer simultaneously with the melt flow in order to simulate the real CZ crystal growth. If only natural convection is considered, the oxygen concentration on the melt/crystal interface decreases and becomes uniform by the application of a cusp magnetic filed. The heater power needed also increases with increasing the magnetic field. For the case of counter rotation of the crystal and crucible, the magnetic field suppresses azimutal flow produced by the crucible rotation, which results in the higher oxygen concentration near the interface.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.544-561
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• 2005

Purpose : This study was to assess the loading distributing characteristics of implant systems with internal connection or external connection under vertical and inclined loading using finite element analysis. Materials and methods : Two finite element models were designed according to type of internal connection or external connection The crown for mandibular first molar was made using cemented abutment. Each three-dimensional finite element model was created with the physical properties of the implant and surrounding bone This study simulated loads of 200N at the central fossa in a vertical direction (loading condition A), 200N at the centric cusp tip in a 15$^{\circ}$ inward inclined direction (loading condition B), or 200N at the centric cusp tip in a 30$^{\circ}$ outward inclined direction (loading condition C) respectively. Von Mises stresses were recorded and compared in the supporting bone, fixture, abutment and abutment screw. Results : 1. In comparison with the whole stress or the model 1 and model 2, the stress pattern was shown through th contact of the abutment and the implant fixture in the model 1, while the stress pattern was shown through the abutment screw mainly in the model 2. 2. Without regard to the loading condition, greater stress was taken at the cortical bone, and lower stress was taken at the cancellous bone. The stress taken at the cortical bone was greater at the model 1 than at the model 2, but the stress taken at the cortical bone was much less than the stress taken at the abutment, the implant fixture, and the abutment screw in case of both model 1 and model 2. 3. Without regard to the loading condition, the stress pattern of the abutment was greater at the model 1 than at the model 2. 4. In comparison with the stress distribution of model 1 and model 2, the maximum stress was taken at the abutment in the model 1. while the maximum stress was taken at the abutment screw in the model 2. 5. The magnitude of the maximum stress taken at the supporting bone, the implant fixture, the abutment, and the abutment screw was greater in the order of loading condition A, B and C. Conclusion : The stress distribution pattern of the internal connection system was mostly distributed widely to the lower part along the inner surface of the implant fixture contacting the abutment core through its contact portion because of the intimate contact of the abutment and the implant fixture and so the less stress was taken at the abutment screw, while the abutment screw can be the weakest portion clinically because the greater stress was taken at the abutment screw in case of the external connection system, and therefore the further clinical study about this problem is needed.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2016

항주파 파봉의 위치를 예측하는 Kelvin(1887)의 이론해는 심해에서만 적용 가능한 한계가 있다. 최대파향각을 예측하는 Havelock(1907)의 이론해는 모든 수심에서 적용 가능하지만 파향각에 따라 다르게 나타나는 파봉의 위치를 예측하지 못하는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서 항주파의 분산관계식을 온전하게 이용하여 모든 수심에 적용 가능한 항주파 파봉식을 개발하고, 이 식을 이용하여 항주파의 최대파향각을 예측하였다. FLOW-3D를 이용하여 Johnson(1958)의 수리모형실험을 수치적으로 재현한 후 본 연구에서 제안하는 최대파향각의 이론해가 모든 수심에서 수치해, 수리실험결과와 유사함을 확인하였다. 여러 조건에서 항주파를 수치적으로 재현한 후 파봉선 간의 거리를 측정하여 이론해와 비교하였다. 그 결과 선박의 속도가 ${\sqrt{gh}}$보다 작은 경우 이론해와 유사하였다. 선박의 속도가 ${\sqrt{gh}}$보다 큰 경우 첫 번째 항주파의 거리를 결정하는 상수 $C_1$은 0에 가까운 값이었고 첫 번째 항주파를 제외한 경우 이론해와 유사하였다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.257-268
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to assess the loading distributing characteristics of implant prosthesis according to position and direction of load, under vertical and inclined loading using FEA analysis. The finite element model was designed according to standard fixture (4.1mm restorative component x 11.5mm length). The crown for mandibular first molar was made using UCLA abutment. Each three-dimensional finite element model was created with the physical properties of the implant and surrounding bone. This study simulated loads of 200N at the central fossa in a vertical direction (loading condition A), 200N at the outside point of the central fossa with resin filling into screw hole in a vertical direction (loading condition B), 200N at the centric usp in a $15^{\circ}$ inward oblique direction (loading condition C), 200N at the in a $30^{\circ}$ inward oblique direction (loading condition D) or 200N at the centric cusp in a $30^{\circ}$ outward oblique direction (loading condition E) individually. Von Mises stresses were recorded and compared in the supporting bone, fixture, and abutment screw. The following results have been made based on this study: 1. Stresses were concentrated mainly at the ridge crest around implant in both vertical and oblique loading but stresses in the cancellous bone were low in both vertical and oblique loading. 2. Bending moments resulting from non-axial loading of dental implants caused stress concentrations on cortical bone. The magnitude of the stress was greater with the oblique loading than with the vertical loading. 3. An offset of the vertical occlusal force in the buccolingual direction relative to the implant axis gave rise to increased bending of the implant. 4. The relative positions of the resultant line of force from occlusal contact and the center of rotation seems to be more important. 5. The magnitude of the stress in the supporting bone, fixture and abutment screw was greater with the outward oblique loading than with the inward oblique loading and was the greatest under loading at the centric cusp in a $30^{\circ}$ outward oblique direction. Conclusively, this study provides evidence that bending moments resulting from non-axial loading of dental implants caused stress concentrations on cortical bone. But it seems to be more important that how long is the distance from center of rotation of the implant itself to the resultant line of force from occlusal contact(leverage). The goal of improving implants should be to avoid bending of the implant.