• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.294-300
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• 1993

This study was carried out to investigate the influences of cultural conditions of koji on the production of saccharogenic amylase during rice-koji making by Aspergillus awamori var. kawachii which is now widely used as koji-mold in brewing Tikju and Yakju in Korea. The optimum cultural temperature for the production of saccharogenic amylase by this mold was 36$^{\circ}C$, and at this temperature it needed 40 hours of cultivation for maximum production of this enzyme. It was favorable for high production of both organic acid and saccharogenic amylase to shift the cultural temperature form initial 36$^{\circ}C$ to 32$^{\circ}C$ after 20~25 hours of cultivation. The production of saccharogenic amylase was low when the water content of steamed rice was below 35%, but its production was high at 40~60% of water content. When the quantity of conidial inoculation was too small, the production of saccharogenic amylase was low in initial phase, but it was retrived after 40 hours of cultivation. When koji-thickness was over 3cm, the production of saccharogenic amylase was markedly restricted. The saccharogenic amylase of this koji was stable at pH 2~7, and showed high activity at pH 2~5.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.287-293
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• 1993

This study was carried out to investigate the influences of cultural conditions of koji on the production of organic acid during rice-koji making by Aspergillus awamori var. kawachii which is now widely used as koji-mold in brewing Takju and Yakju in Korea. The optimum temperature for the germination of the conidia of the mold was 35'8, and the time required for germination at this temperature was 8 hours. Rapid germination occurred when the water content of steamed rice was above 40%, but germination retardation occurred markedly below 35%. The optimum cultural temperature for the production of organic acid was 32$^{\circ}C$, and the production of organic acid was markedly restricted at 36$^{\circ}C$ and 4$0^{\circ}C$. It was effective for the high production of both saccharogenic amylase and organic acid to shift the cultural temperature from initial 36$^{\circ}C$ to 32$^{\circ}C$ after 20~25 hours of cultivation. Initial water content suitable to the production of organic acid was 40% in steamed rice, but its production was markedly restricted below 30% of water content. When the quantity of conidial inoculation was too small, the production of organic acid was low in initial phase, but it was retrived at later period. Acid production was markedly restricted together with the increase in koji thickness.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.431-437
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• 1998

Optimal media and cultural conditions for the production of prodigiosin-like pigment were established using Serratia sp. KH-95. Glucose and phosphate(K2PO4) stimulated the cell growth, but inhibited the production of pigment at concentration levels of above 10 g/L and 2.0 g/L, respectively. Addition of soy been oil or rice oil to the production medium accelerated cell growth up to more than 2-3 times, but the production of prodigiosin increased about 15-20% in spite of the good cell growth. The effect of pH on the production of pigment was investigated in a 5 liter-bioreactor. When the pH of culture broth was maintained below 8.0, most of pigment was attached to the surface of cells. When the pH of culture broth was above 8.5, however, about 70% of total pigment was suspended in the supernatant of the broth. The cell growth and production of pigment were inhibited at dissolved oxygen concentration of below 10% of air-saturation.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

글로벌한 배경에서 영상언어의 무국경성은 영화를 적재체로 하는 교류를 각 나라의 문화산업 교류차원에서 중요한 내용으로 만든다. 이에 따라 미중, 중일, 한중 등의 영화 합작은 현재 중국 영화 산업의 중요한 구성 부분이 됐다. 이 가운데 한국과 중국은 한옷에 물을 끼고 사는 가까운 이웃으로, 양국 영화 간의 교류도 날로 늘고 있다. 한국 영화는 1990년대부터 되살아나 2000년대 초반 호황을 구가하며 국제 사회에 서독 특한 영향력을 형성하고 있으며 특히 범죄, 미스터리, 멜로 등 장르 영화에 자신만의 특색을 이루고 있다. 2000년 한중 합작영화가 등장하고 2014년 한중 합작영화 협약이 체결되면서 한중 합작영화가 급물살을 탔다. 그러나 한중 합작 영화는 전파효과, 시장 평가면에서 기대에 못 미쳤다. 이 글은 한중 합작 영화의 현재 상황에 따라 문화 할인 이론을 활용해 한중 합작 영화의 문화 할인이 발생한 이유와 이를 어떻게 최대한 피할 수 있는지 분석한다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.408-420
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• 2023

문화산업은 일반인에게 가장 밀접한 산업이기 때문에 대중들이 비교적 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 산업이다. 최근 인터넷의 발달로 다양한 국가의 사람들이 긴밀하게 연계되고 있으며, 생산 네트워크도 글로벌 수준에서 상호 연계될 수 있게 되었다. 본 연구는 문화 산업 관련 데이터와 사례 연구를 통해 글로벌 생산 네트워크가 문화 산업을 발전시키는 방식과 메커니즘을 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 한국 영화 및 비디오 산업과 음악 산업의 발전 모델을 네 단계로 구분하여 한국 문화산업의 발전 모델을 구축하였다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 한국 영화 및 비디오 산업과 음악 산업이 아웃소싱 전략을 기반으로 규모가 확장되고 있으며, 대규모 글로벌 협력 기반의 생산 네트워크에 의존하여 대중성과 부가가치가 향상되고 있음을 밝혔다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

Cultural value is widely accepted as the crucial concept in understanding consumer behavior: cultural values influence consumption values, which determine choices of consuming everyday products and services. The objectives of this study were to (a) identify the difference between cultural and consumption values in the Korean fashion industry and (b) to explain the difference using the existing theories introducing fashion system, which are Solomon(2002)'s cultural production model in marketing area and Hamilton(1997)'s fashion system arbiter in clothing area. The qualitative data used to identify cultural values were 160 apparel advertisements listed in a fashion magazine issued in 2002. Utilizing the convenient sampling method, the quantitative data used to identify consumption values were gathered by surveying female university students aged over 20 living in the Seoul metropolitan area. Of 369 returned questionnaires, 255 were used in factor analysis and paired t-test. Cultural value ignored functional aspect of apparel while it was one of the most salient factors for consumption value. With respect to success and fashion orientation factors, cultural value highly appreciated them while they were the least considered factors for consumption value. These implicate that the Korean fashion industry can be explained by Hamilton's macro-level cultural and fashion system arbiters and cultural production model as well. Introducing macro-level perspectives about fashion system, this study encourages researchers to expand their research spectrum from micro-level consumers to macro-level fashion industry, which has long been neglected by the fashion marketing researchers in Korea.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.133-151
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• 2021

Purpose - This study examines the effects of expatriate transfer on foreign affiliate's labor productivity. Design/methodology - Using Korean-owned foreign affiliate-level data, we estimate the effect of expatriate transfer on foreign affiliate's labor productivity using the system generalized method of moments model. We also consider foreign affiliate- and host country-specific contingencies and test how they are associated with expatriates in enhancing foreign affiliate's labor productivity. Findings - We consider foreign production intensity and cultural distance between the home (i.e., South Korea) and host countries as key contingencies that influence the effect of expatriates on foreign affiliate's labor productivity. We find that expatriates are effective in enhancing the labor productivity of less production-intensive foreign affiliates. This effect is strengthened as expatriates are deployed to countries that share cultural similarities with the home country. Originality/value - Considering that previous studies provide mixed results on the effect of expatriates, our findings suggest that foreign affiliate-specific operational orientation and cultural distance should be considered jointly to understand the true effect of expatriate staffing on foreign affiliate performance.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2001

Opening 21th Century, all the Countries of the world has been focusing on build up the foundation of cultural infrastructure in a various way, since the awareness of importance for cultural design products has been turnover. On the other hand, our cultural crafts＇ industry has not escaped from poor working environment and lagging behind conventional product system, and yet there is no complete system for mass production. The study is collaboration with Tourism Industry Innovation Center in Kwangju University for development of cultural products of wooden crafts by using cultural resources in Kwangju area and CNC M/C which is up-to-date digital technology. It aims to make possibility of mass production and discrimination on design for wooden crafts which is based on highly skilled technical manpower and creativities, and expects to develop and merchandise global wooden cultural products.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.22-44
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• 2023

청동기시대 전기 생계경제는 문화유형, 환경적 요인 등에 의해 발현될 수 있는 생산방식의 다양성이 충분히 고려되지 않은 채, 농경 수행의 강도를 설명하는데 초점을 맞추어왔다. 이러한 상황은 신석기-청동기시대 이행을 얼마나 단절적으로 또는 연속적으로 이해할 것인가의 문제를 진지하게 고민하지 않는 데서 비롯된 것으로 보인다. 이러한 인식은 생계자원 생산방식의 점진적인 변화를 탐색할 수 있는 경로를 차단해 왔다. 본고에서는 청동기시대 생계자원의 생산방식이 연속·점진적으로 변화되었다는 것을 전제로 하면서, 청동기시대 전기 생산방식에 영향을 주었을 다양한 요소에 따른 생산자원 생산양상을 복원해보고자 하였다. 청동기시대 전기는 문화유형과 생태적소가 다양하게 확인되는바, 특정 시기의 생계자원 생산방식을 복원하는 작업은 단편적인 한두 가지 분석으로는 달성되기가 어렵다. 따라서 생계자원 생산과 관련된 몇 가지 측면을 분리하여 분석·해석하고 종국에는 모두를 종합하는 것이 적절한 방법적 경로가 될 듯하다. 구체적인 연구 방법으로 생계자원 생산과 밀접한 연관을 지니는 문화·환경적 요소-문화유형, 지리·지형적 요소, 토양생산성, 취락규모-에 따라 기능상 분류된 석제 생산도구 구성에 차이가 있는지를 확인하였다. 분석 결과 서울·경기 지역의 청동기시대 전기 생계자원 생산양상에 있어 문화유형과 지리·지형적 입지에 따른 유의미한 차이는 관찰되지 않는 반면, 취락규모와 토양생산성에 따른 생산도구 구성의 차이에서는 통계적으로도 제법 유의한 결과가 도출되었다. 취락규모와 종합생산토양 비율이 증가할수록 수렵·무구, 목가공구, 수확구가 증가하는 반면 어로구의 비율에 있어서는 그 반대의 양상이 관찰되었다. 취락규모나 작물재배의 생산성에 따른 수렵 혹은 농경에 대한 의존도 사이에 상관관계를 기대하게 하나, 취락규모와 토양생산성 비율 간의 회귀분석 결과에서는 상호 유의미한 관계로 해석되지 않았다. 즉, 이는 여러 요인에 따라 생산양상도 상이하며, 어느 단편적인 요소가 특정 취락의 생계자원의 생산방식을 채택하는데 결정적이지 않았다는 것을 보여주는 결과라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 청동기시대 전기 사회에서의 취락을 구성하는 다양한 문화·환경적 요소에 따라 생계자원 생산양상 검토가 필요하다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2018

The cultural industry is treated as the sunrise industry in modern society. It has taken an increasing role in promoting the economic growth. Due to this, this paper attempts to explore the dynamic relationship between cultural industry and the economic growth. On the grounds of Cobb-Douglas production function, the cultural industry is regarded as a determinant such as the labor input and the capital input to impact the economic growth. Meanwhile, the quarterly datum form 2000-Q1 to 2017-Q4 are employed to perform an empirical analysis via the vector error correction model. The GDP is treated as an independent variable. The input of capital, the input of labor and the total input of cultural industry are treated as dependent variables. Furthermore, a menu of statistical approaches such as the co-integration test and the impulse response function will be used to testify the dynamic relationship between cultural industry and economic growth. Via the Johansen co-integration test, the results report that the cultural industry has a obviously positive effect on economic growth. Through the vector error correction estimation, the results also report that the cultural industry also has a significantly positive effect on economic growth, but less than that of the Johansen co-integration test. This paper provides a view that the cultural industry is a kind of a determinant to promote the economic growth. Therefore, the China's government should pay much attention to the cultural industry construction.