• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.95-104
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• 2020

This study was conducted in order to examine the effects of humanistic knowledge and empathy ability on cultural competence of nursing students. A convenience sample of 250 nursing students were recruited. The average scores were 2.50 for humanistic knowledge, 3.40 for empathy ability, and 3.33 for cultural competence. Humanistic knowledge had positive correlation with cultural competence. Also, the empathy ability was positively correlated with humanistic knowledge and cultural competence. Finally, cultural competence, empathy ability and level of academic score have shown to influence cultural competence. The research founds that humanistic knowledge, empathy ability and level of academic score influenced cultural competence of nursing students. Therefore, this study provides the basic information for improving the curriculum and quality of nursing for nursing students' cultural competency enhancement.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.439-448
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• 2016

This study analyzed the influence of cultural empathy and analysis on the cultural sensitivity and understanding of multicultural education and the relationship between the attitudes and cultural empathy and understanding of multicultural education and the multicultural sensibility and attitudes of pre-service early childhood teachers. We conducted a survey on cultural sensitivity, multicultural education and understanding attitude among Early Childhood Education College and enrolled 165 infants with pre teachers in pre-service early childhood teachers who are able to sympathize with cultural areas of the Y. The data were subjected to Pearson correlation analysis with multiple regression analysis performed using the SPSS 21.0 program. From the data analysis, first, cultural empathy and multicultural sensitivity showed a significant positive correlation with understanding and attitudes of multicultural education pre-service early childhood teachers. Second, cultural empathy of the pre-service early childhood teachers was a significant variable for predicting the susceptibility multicultural, multicultural education and understanding attitude. Since cultural empathy can change according to various factors, future investigation of these factors is needed to increase the cultural sensitivity of pre-service early childhood teachers by conducting follow-up studies that apply these findings to educational programs. Cultural empathy shouldn't be limited to multicultural education or simply a means to access the field of experiencing the arts, but should be expanded to include research in teaching and learning on how cultural empathy can be applied to the overall educational curriculum.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.163-174
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• 2016

This study is intended to check the empathy and cultural competence of female college students majoring in aviation and tourism service. The number of study subjects was 274. And the descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, and pearson correlation coefficient of data was analyzed through SPSS 20.0. According to the results of study, an average mark of empathy was $3.72{\pm}0.35$, and an average mark of cultural competence was $3.48{\pm}0.47$. When the level of difference in empathy and cultural competence was examined according to the general characteristics, the level of empathy showed a significant difference in the purpose of visiting foreign countries and foreign language skills. And the level of cultural competence showed a significant difference in religion, foreign language skills, foreign friend, experience in international exchange, experience in cultural education abroad, a method of cultural education abroad, and a necessity for cultural education abroad. With regard to correlation, there was a positive correlation between empathy and cultural competence(r=.425, p<.001). And in case of sub-attribute, it was shown that the cognitive factor and emotional factor of empathy has a positive correlation with cultural competence. It was verified that an education plan making it possible to improve cultural competence is required by checking a mutual relationship between empathy and cultural competence through these study results.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2018

This study investigated the effects of critical thinking and empathy on the cultural competence of dental hygienists and students. A total of 529 dental hygiene students were randomly sampled and included as subjects. PASW Statistics for Windows ver. 18.0 was used to obtain the following results. Among the critical thinking sub-domains, cognitive integration was the highest and the lowest. Empathic ability had the highest acceptance factor among the sub-domains. Cultural competence was the highest among the sub-domains, while cultural knowledge was the lowest. According to their general characteristics, subject age, grade, religion, and economic level influenced the cultural capacity. Cultural awareness and sensitivity were high when there were foreign visiting experiences. Cultural awareness, sensitivity, skills, and knowledge were high when subjects had experienced multicultural education (p<0.05). Cultural awareness, sensitivity, skill, experience, and knowledge were correlated with critical thinking and cultural competence, among which cultural sensitivity showed the highest correlation (p<0.001). There was a correlation between cultural awareness and sensitivity, skill, and experience among the empathy and cultural competency sub-domains (p<0.001). The factors influencing cultural awareness included intellectual integration, openness, prudence, and perspective-taking (p<0.001). The factors influencing cultural sensitivity included intellectual integration, openness, and empathic concern (p<0.001). The factors influencing cultural skill included intellectual integration, creativity, and conductivity (p<0.001). The factors influencing cultural experience included prudence, objectivity, perspective-taking, and personal distress (p<0.001). Finally, the factors influencing cultural knowledge included creativity and conductivity (p<0.001). The results indicate that dental hygiene students should be equipped with cultural competence to enhance critical thinking and empathy required by the modern society and optimized dental hygiene courses should be provided for multicultural subjects.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.37-46
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of cultural empathy, and personalities on cultural competence among university students of occupational therapy. Methods : One-hundred and fifty-five university students of occupational therapy in Jeollanamdo and Gwangju completed questionnaires consisting of a demographic questionnaire, the Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy(SEE), Big Fie Inventory(BFI), and (CCAI). To determine the relationships among demographic variables, cultural empathy, personalities, and cultural competence, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis were analyzed by using SPSS 24.0 for Windows. Results : The results of the study showed the differences in neuroticism and conscientiousness by gender. Also, there were positive correlations between cultural empathy, personality, and cultural competence. Lastly, cultural empathy(β=.357), openness(β=.252), and school year(β=-.148)were significant predictors of cultural competence. Conclusion : The results of this study clarified the relationships among cultural empathy, personality, and cultural competence, and will provide data for the education program to enhance the cultural competence of undergraduates of occupational therapy.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.105-113
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation among Cultural empathy, Multicultural sensitivity, and Cultural competence of Nursing Students. Data were collected using questionnaires from 191 nursing students who were in 2rd and 4^th year of the college in D city. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The mean score of Cultural empathy, Multicultural sensitivity and Cultural competence in nursing students were 3.72±0.23, 3.14±0.27, and 3.10±0.32 respectively. Cultural empathy showed significant positive correlations with Multicultural sensitivity(r=.63, p<.001), and Cultural competence(r=.57, p<.001). Multicultural sensitivity was also positively correlated with Cultural competence(r=.41, p<.001). The result of this study suggest that multicultural nursing education is necessary for students to develop and support programs that can provide diverse cultural experiences.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.241-247
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• 2020

This study was a descriptive research that attempted to provide the basis for improving cultural competence by identifying the effect of multicultural awareness and cultural empathy on the cultural competence of nursing students. The subjects were nursing students from grades 1 to 4 who were enrolled in two nursing colleges in Gwangju and Chonnam. The data were collected from September to December 2018. The 201 data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS 25.0 for windows. Multicultural awareness(r=.451, p<.01) and cultural empathy(r=.582, p<.01) had high positive correlations with cultural competence. The factors that affected the cultural competence were cultural empathy(β=.422, p<.001) and multicultural awareness(β=.222, p<.001) order. The explanatory power of these factors was 40.5%. These findings suggest that in order to promote the cultural competence of nursing students, strategies to promote multicultural awareness and cultural empathy should be developed, and these strategies should focus more on cultural empathy than on multicultural awareness.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.367-374
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between empathy, communicative competence, and cultural competence among nursing students and investigate the factors influencing cultural competence. The subjects of the study consisted of 173 nursing students. Data were analyzed based on Pearson's correlations, and multiple regressions using the SPSS 18.0 program. The mean value of cultural competence was 3.44, showing significant positive correlations with empathy(r=.450, p<.001) and communicative competence(r=.579, p<.001) in nursing students. Empathy, communicative competence and foreign language skill accounted for 37.1% of the total variance in cultural competence among nursing students. Overall cultural competence can be improved by empathy, communicative competence enhancement program.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.85-94
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• 2017

Purpose - Owing to economic development and rapid globalization, the number of people traveling abroad has increased dramatically in recent years. For instance, according to data from World Tourism Organization, approximately 1,724 million tourists traveled abroad in 2016. This phenomenon has resulted in a change for domestic markets, as they no longer serve only domestic customers but also serve foreign customers as well. Therefore, intercultural service encounters between services providers and customers from diverse cultural backgrounds are becoming more frequent. Especially in the field of retailing, salesperson's customer oriented selling behavior is particularly important for the successful interactions. However, it is hard to find some factors that can improve salesperson's customer oriented selling behavior in intercultural sales encounters. Research design, data, and methodology - A quantitative survey methodology was utilized to collect data on 312 salespeople at duty-free shops located on Jeju Island, Korea. As a tourism-based region, Jeju Island has attracted a large number of foreign tourists since being designated as an international free city in 2002. Owing to this phenomenon, intercultural sales encounters between salespersons and customers from different cultures have become commonplace. Compared to other salespeople, salespeople working in duty-free shops have more frequent intercultural interactions, as over 90% of their total customers are from foreign countries. Additionally, regular professional training programs for salespeople help cultivate cultural intelligence. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 20. Results - This paper explores the role of empathy and cultural intelligence in intercultural sales encounters using a theoretical model incorporating the causal relationships between empathy(cognitive empathy and emotional empathy) and customer oriented selling behavior, as well as the moderating effects of cultural intelligence in these relationships. Conclusions - This study is almost the first to explore the influence of empathy and cultural intelligence in intercultural sales encounters. Thus, this study provides a meaningful contribution to the application of empathy and cultural intelligence in the retailing field and will draw the attention of personal distribution practicers and researchers to the importance of empathy and cultural intelligence. Additionally, this study has useful managerial implications for employee selection, training, and development in retailing firms engaged in intercultural sales encounters.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.35-46
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• 2015

Prior research suggested that people generally show stronger intentions to help in-group members because people experience higher levels of empathy for those who are similar to themselves. The present research demonstrated that one's levels of cosmopolitanism would moderate the mediating role of empathy on the relationship between cultural similarities and helping intentions. In particular, it was examined how the mediator (empathy) affected the relation between cultural similarity and helping intention for participants with low to high levels of cosmopolitanism. Results indicated that participants with lower levels of cosmopolitanism showed stronger empathy as targets are more culturally similar to participants' own culture. Participants with higher levels of cosmopolitanism, however, reported the same levels of empathy regardless of targets' cultural similarity. The implications and limitations of the results were discussed.