• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1981

In order to use as a starter after drying, optimum growth conditions of Str. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus were investigated. The results were as follows. The growth of Str. thermophilus was reached at stationary phase after 12 hours incubation and L. bulgaricus was after 6 hours. Str. thermophilus was grown well, in the medium containing 10% of skim milk, 2% of sucrose, 0.1% of KCl and 0.015% (v./v.) of soy-sauce. In the case of L. bulgaricus, 10% of skim milk, 2% of glucose, 0.5% of bacto-peptone, 0.1% of $K_2HPO_4$ and 0.02% of pyridoxine was suitable for the maximum growth.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.644-649
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the influence of cultural conditions such as temperature, time, water content, koji-thickness and agitation on the production of saccharifying amylase by Rhizopus sp. ZB9 isolated from Korean Nuruk during the preparation of rice koji, which is used in brewing Korean rice wines, Takju and Yakju. Rice kojies were made under different cultural conditions, and the saccharifying activities of each koji were tested. The temperature range suitable for the production of saccharifying amylase was $28{\sim}36^{\circ}C$. Based on the saccharifying activity and color, 60 hours of cultivation at $28^{\circ}C$ was believed to produce the optimum results. The water contents of steamed rice suitable for the production of saccharifying amylase were 35~40%. An increase in koji-thickness induced no adverse effects on the production of saccharifying amylase, but agitation-work during cultivation had a harmful effect.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.25 no.1 s.80
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• pp.68-76
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• 1997

For the purpose of utilizingcellulosesresources by cellulolytic enzymes of Trametes trogii, its cultural conditions for the production of cellulolytic enzymes in synthetic media were investigated. The optimum conditions for the production of cellulase by T. trogii in synthetic media were $30{\sim}35^{\circ}C,\;pH\;4.0{\sim}6.0,\;and\;11{\sim}15$ day's cultivation. Among the carbon sources, carboxymethyl cellulose was good for the production of avicelase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$, but cellulose was good for the production of CMCase. The optimum concentration of Na-CMC was 3% for the production of all the three cellulolytic enzymes. As the nitrogen source, $0.03{\sim}0.04%$ N as ammonium tartrate was effective for the production of the cellulases.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2009

A study was carried out to find out the methodology of biological treatment for wastes and wastewater caused by an organophosporus insecticide, fenitrothion, using fenitrothion-degrading microorganism. A fenitrothion-degrading microorganism was isolated by using a selective nutrient broth (NB) medium including fenitrothion, and identified to Bacillus sphaericus NFol based on its morphological and biochemical characteristics. Further, investigation was processed to determine the optimal culture conditions degrading fenitrothion in NB medium by using the NFo1 strain. As results, the cultural conditions determined for temperature, initial pH and inoculum for the optimum growth of the strain and degradation of fenitrothion, which has a exact co-relationship between both of them, were $35^{\circ}C$, 7.5 and 1.5 at $OD_{660}$ value, respectively. In this conditions, fenitrothion could be degraded within 5 days over 90% at the high concentrations of fenitrothion, upto 200 mg/L.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.103-109
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• 2009

In order to isolate antibiotic producing microorganisms, several actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples. The aerial hyphae of Y-88 strain were gray in color with tree types. Under the microscopic examination, the Y-88 isolate formed a spiral aerial spore mass with a smooth surface and a rectiflexibilis type of spore chain. Y-88 utilized glucose, fructose, arabinose, and sucrose, but not rhamnose, raffinose, mannitol, or inositol. In addition, Y-88 produced melanin on the tyrosine agar and the strain could utilize L-valine, L-phenylalanine, and L-hydroxyproline. Based on these results and the cultural and physiological characteristics described in the Bergey's Manual, the Actinomycetes, Y-88, was identificated as a Streptomyces species. The optimum medium conditions for this antibiotic producing Streptomyces sp. Y-88 was 1.6% soluble starch, 0.6% glucose, 0.6% beef extract, 0.01% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.01% $MgSO_4$ $7H_2O$, and 0.01% $ZnSO_4$ $7H_2O$ at an initial pH of 4.0, and 25$^{\circ}C$.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.441-448
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• 1995

Optimized fermentation medium and cultural conditions for the production or exopolysaccharide KS-1 with Bacillus polymyxa KS-1 was following as; 30g g1ucose, 2.59g yeast extract, $2.5g KH_2PO_4, 0.5g NaCl, 0.3g MgSO_4.7H_20, 0.1g CaC0_3 0.05g, FeSO_4.7H_2O, and 0.05g MnS0_4 . 4H_20in 1 liter distilled water. The exopolysaccharide production was influenced by the by the temperature and pH, the optimal conditions for the production of exopolysaccharide KS-1 seemed to be $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0, respectively. About $10.3g/\ell$ of maximum exopolysaccharide was obtained al the initial pH 7.0, $30^{\circ}C$, 2vvm of aeration rate and 400 rpm of impeller speed in a jar fermentor.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.26
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• pp.77-101
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• 2005

In ancient times, many kinds of difference inorganic and organic pigment were used as colorants for making objects. This study has proved the damage regions on the aging conditions of the silk dyeing traditional pigment. so whiteness, tensile strength and digital-microscope were measured to examine the state of silk dyeing traditional pigments pretreated under each aging condition. From the result examining the state, all the silk dyeing traditional pigments were best condition at low temperature(-20/RT)and normal condition and damaged at high temperature($60^{\circ}C$) and 2ppm $SO_2$condition and UV condition. As a result of X-ray diffraction analysis of crystalline structure for the silk dyeing traditional pigments, most of specimens have nearly changed crystalline structure despite specimens had each other different conditions and times. Especially, specimens which was passing of 4-8 months have not changed in its crystalline structure. But some specimens like a Unghwang and Seokcheong have a little changed in its intensity in the XRD peak. Consequently, If we want to find out alteration of crystalline structure for the silk dyeing traditional pigments using scientific method according to change of environmental conditions, we must guarantee of equal state and strengthen of environmental conditions in specimen. Additionally, the term of experiment need to belong, and specimens which was experimented and analyzed must be same.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2010

After selecting five types of adhesive epoxy resin for metallic cultural assets such as $Araldite^{(R)}$ rapid type, $Devcon^{(R)}$, $Araldite^{(R)}$ SV427+HV427, $CDK^{(R)}$520, $Araldite^{(R)}$ AW106+HV953 which had already been studied, this paper approached more closely the problem of yellowing and the signal of aging with time passing by connecting the problems with the safety of metallic cultural assets. The change of physical properties according to the change of state of epoxy adhesives was investigated through the change of flexural strength and the change of surface hardness by artificially providing the possible environmental change factors such as ultra-violet ray, and acid base, and how the epoxy chemically changes in its ingredients by the environment was analyzed through FT-IR. As a result of the experiment, for the most part of adhesives brought about the physical change of flexural strength, the change of surface hardness, and the chemical change of chemical ingredients as the product of alcohol, which were respectively different according to the time of ultraviolet irradiation, and acid base change. Under most of the conditions, SV427+HV427 and $CDK^{(R)}$520 were fairly stabilized under each condition of weatherability, but it seems that they should be refrained from being applied in case that the area to restore is thin and wide because the degree of flexural strength of themselves is low. Also, it is found that the preservation environment is very important not only for artifacts but also for the preservation of resins sused for preservation treatment.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.467-483
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• 2017

In this study, the degradation properties by temperature stress of $Araldite^{(R)}$ rapid-curing epoxy resin used for inorganic cultural heritages, was identified. The tensile and tensile shear strength of durability decreased for 12,624 hours at temperatures of $40{\sim}60^{\circ}C$. In terms of stability of external stress and temperature, the slow-curing epoxy was superior to the rapid-curing epoxy, and cultural heritage conservation plans should therefore consider the strength and stress properties of restoration materials. Color differences increased for 12,624 hours at temperatures of $40{\sim}60^{\circ}C$, and glossiness decreased. Both color and gloss stability were weak, which necessitates the improvement of optical properties. Thermal properties (weight loss, decomposition temperature, and glass transition temperature) of adhesives are linked to mechanical properties. Interfacial properties of the adherend and water vapor transmission rates of adhesives are linked to performance variation. For porous media (ceramics, brick, and stone), isothermal and isohumid environments are important. For outdoor artifacts on display in museums, changes in physical properties by exposure to varying environmental conditions need to be minimized. These results can be used as baseline data in the study of the degradation velocity and lifetime prediction of rapid-curing epoxy resin for the restoration of cultural heritages.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.588-599
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• 2019

Conservation measures for excavated and surveyed buried cultural heritages are decided by the administrator of the Cultural Heritage Administration according to their scientific and historic values. However, management, preservation, and use after relocation and restoration remain unsystematic. An issue regarding preservation plan and use has arisen due to the damage of preserved heritages and protective facilities. Thus, this study aims to suggest a plan for preservation and use by investigating the present conditions of the preserved heritages in the Chungbuk area. Results showed that there are 43 preserved heritages in Chungbuk, most of which remain unmanaged systematically irrespective of the managing body. Remainder and protective facilities have been damaged due to wrong preservation treatments and selection of materials, and a problem also rises in terms of utilization, such as exhibition, education, and experience of preserved heritages. To improve such problems, a medium and long-term plan shall be established for the improvement of legal and institutional instruments, securing of budget, increase in professional manpower, development of standardization and inspection manuals, continuous monitoring, preventive preservation, research on relocation methods and materials, listing, and the creation of specialized museum and complex theme park. If a preservation plan suited to the investigated heritages can be developed, heritages can be preserved and managed more systematically and scientifically, and be used for various purposes like education, exhibition, public relations, etc.