• 한국철학논집
• /
• 제58호
• /
• pp.337-356
• /
• 2018

학술교류가 활발하던 남송(南宋)시대에 장식은 수양론 형성과정에서 그만의 독자적 사상체계를 정립한다. 수양론을 정립하는 과정에서 사상적 전향을 보이는 것이 특징적인데, 이 과정에서 장식은 당대 주류와의 학술적 교류를 통해 그들의 사상정립에 상당한 영향을 주며, 그 안에서 자신만의 사상을 체계화시켜 나간다. 그러나 당대 주류학파에 대한 연구는 상당부분 이루어진 것에 비해, 주류학맥이 이어져 오기까지의 당대의 사상적 흐름과 동향에 대한 연구는 미비한 상태이다. 이에 논자는 장식의 수양 공부론의 형성 과정을 통해 당대의 사상흐름 전반을 이해하고, 아울러 주류학파와의 교류 과정을 수양공부라는 영역을 통해 알아보고자 한다. 이러한 작업은 송 대 철학 전반을 이해하고, 그 흐름을 객관적으로 살피는 데 있어서 유의미한 과정이 될 것이다. 본 논고는 장식 공부론의 형성과정을 전기와 후기로 구분하여 검토하는 방식을 취한다. 우선은 장식사상의 연원에 대한 기술을 시작으로 영향을 주었던 학파의 사상적 영향을 언급하고, 수양 공부론의 변천과정을 검토하여 그의 철학사상적 전향(轉向)을 고찰한다. 이 작업은 장식만의 독자적 사상에 대한 전반을 이해하고, 사상교류를 이루었던 주희의 사상정립에 대한 이해를 도울 수 있을 것이다.

• 대순사상논총
• /
• 제24_1권
• /
• pp.315-349
• /
• 2014

This paper was carried out to bring the researches on Cultivation Practice of Daesoonjinrihoe which have been at a standstill after analyzing the directions of studies on Cultivation Practice and diagnosing its problems, in addition to that, the paper was also conducted in a way of discussing the research directions in the future. This work enables scholars who have interests in Daesoon Thoughts to easily comprehend over the length and breadth of Cultivation Practice of Daesoonjinrihoe as well as help them understand what level of researches regarding Cultivation Practice has been demanded. Furthermore, this paper will be a step-stone for scholars to ponder how and on what perspective they approach a wide variety of studies on Daesoon Thoughts. The problems reflected on the previous researches on Cultivation Practice are summarized as follows: first, except a few researches in general, problem recognition, research target, style, method, and content are not diverged from the frame defined by Jang Byeong-Gil, who set it up in Daesoon Religion and Thought (Daesoon Jonggyo Sasang) in 1989. Proliferating overlapped researches without developing problem awareness is of great concern. And such researching climate has gradually set in. Secondly, there are numerous researches intending to reveal the researcher's forceful attitude implying faith. Thirdly, most of the previous researches neglect to focus on defining the range of researches. Fourthly, when defining concepts, more thorough insight is needed. Lastly, the researches on analysing symbols and attempting signification analysis are relatively few, only to find many errors. To solve these problems, this paper suggests to develop theories which back up Cultivation Practice by researching on the fields of theory of mind-nature(心性), theory of mind-qi(心氣), theory of pain, Religious Ethics, viewpoint of God/gods, and psychology. Secondly, all the symbols and meanings of elements shown in Cultivation Practice need analyzing more elaborately sophisticatedly and more in-depth. In order to fulfil this goal, by adapting the recent trends of historical studies, it is essential to attempt to engraft Cultivation Practice of Daesoonjinrihoe on cultural phenomena, to analyze thick layers of meanings beneath its surface, to interpret differently, utilizing various perspectives such as focusing on the gender problems, and to extract true meanings out of Cultivation Practice by analyzing everyday events which can occur in real cultivation practices. Thirdly, the terms and concepts regarding Cultivation Practice base the principle themselves. Fourthly, by utilizing methodology of comparative studies on religions, the comparative researches on cultivation practice of different religious traditions are also needed. Lastly, the history of aspects on Cultivation Practice such as transition of mantras, processes which have been conducted through proprieties of prayer and training should be collected and classified. In this context, this work is very important since it helps understand the aspects of transition of originality and characteristics in Cultivation Practice of Daesoonjinrihoe according to passage of time.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2018

미세조류는 바이오연료 생산을 위한 가장 지속가능하고 장래성이 좋은 생산 원료로 여겨지고 있다. 하지만 최근의 몇몇 전과정평가 연구에 의하면 미세조류 바이오디젤 생산, 특히 배양 단계에 많은 에너지가 소요된다는 단점이 있다. 유기탄소, 질소 및 인과 같은 영양분, 그리고 배양에 필요한 용수 비용이 전체 배양 단계의 80%까지 이를 수 있다. 본 총설에서는 최근 미세조류 배양에 필요한 인공배지의 대체용으로 사용 가능성이 높은 하폐수, 유기비료 연소배가스, 유기성 폐기물 등에 대한 최근의 활용 경향과 사용 전략에 대하여 문한 조사를 통해 요약 및 고찰하였다.

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.342-346
• /
• 2018

기후 변화에 따른 표고 재배사내 온도와 습도의 변화 추이를 알아보기 위하여 5년 동안 봄, 여름, 가을 기간에 걸쳐 국내 49곳의 표고버섯 재배사에서 온도와 습도를 측정 분석하였다. 톱밥배지 재배사의 5년간 평균 온도와 습도는 $24.7^{\circ}C$와 60.5%이었다. 원목 재배사의 5년간 평균 온도는 $24.4^{\circ}C$, 평균 습도는 60.0%로 나타났다. 여름철 기간 중 온도 평균은 원목재배사의 경우는 2016년 $29.8^{\circ}C$, 2017년 $29.1^{\circ}C$, 2018년 $33.3^{\circ}C$이었으며 톱밥배지 재배사의 경우는 2016년 $26.8^{\circ}C$, 2017년 $20.4^{\circ}C$, 2018년 $24.2^{\circ}C$이었다. 조사 기간 중 $30^{\circ}C$가 넘는 고온으로 측정된 재배사는 봄철에 1곳, 여름철에 5곳이었으며 원목 재배사가 5곳을 차지하였다. 원목재배에서 온도가 $20^{\circ}C$를 넘지 않는 재배사는 4곳으로 모두 가을에 조사된 온도였다. 본 연구 조사는 기후변화에 대비해 표고 재배사의 경우 원목 재배사 관리에 우선적으로 대비해야 함을 시사하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
• /
• pp.266-268
• /
• 2003

This is based on the AGENT-LUC model framework. Luangprabang Province has the largest percentage of shifting cultivation area in Laos PDR. The model simulates the spatial and temporal patterns of the shifting cultivation in the study area, using a GIS database while the total area of shifting cultivation is controlled by supply and demand balance of food. The model simulation period is from 1990 to 1999, at a spatial resolution of 500m. The results are evaluated using statistical data and remote sensing images. Through the validation, it is concluded that the trends simulated agrees to that of statistical data and the spatial and temporal patterns are also replicated satisfactorily.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제65권2호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2023

This study analyzed the impact of greenhouse cultivation area and groundwater level changes due to the water curtain cultivation in the greenhouse complexes. The groundwater observation data in the Miryang study area were used and classified into greenhouse and field cultivation areas to compare the groundwater impact of water curtain cultivation in the greenhouse complex. We identified the characteristics of the groundwater time series data by the terrain of the study area and selected the optimal model through time series analysis. We analyzed the time series data for each terrain's two representative groundwater observation wells. The Seasonal ARIMA model was chosen as the optimal model for riverside well, and for plain and mountain well, the ARIMA model and Seasonal ARIMA model were selected as the optimal model. A suitable prediction model is not limited to one model due to a change in a groundwater level fluctuation pattern caused by a surrounding environment change but may change over time. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically check and revise the optimal model rather than continuously applying one selected ARIMA model. Groundwater forecasting results through time series analysis can be used for sustainable groundwater resource management.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.317-323
• /
• 2016

Objectives: This study was performed to estimate domestic usage amount of insecticide for fruit cultivation to suggest job-exposure matrix(JEM) regarding farmers treating agricultural insecticide. Materials and Methods: The domestic usage amount of insecticide for fruit cultivation was investigated according to two research methods. The former method is to use agricultural pesticides published annually from Korea Crop Protection Association(KCPA) and the latter method is to apply cultivation area of fruit provided officially from Statistics Korea(SK). Results: It was found that its domestic usage amount has decreased gradually from the first sale to presence(2012). However, there is a significant difference of annual usage trend of insecticide for fruit cultivation between shipments and estimation. The annual usage trends of insecticide for fruit cultivation based on regional classification were different from those based on total aspect. Conclusions: The region which used insecticide for fruit cultivation the most in Korea was as follows: Gyeonsang-do, followed by Jeolla-do, Chungcheong-do, Jeju-do, Seoul/Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do. An averaged ratio of usage amounts of insecticide based on shipments and those based on estimation by cultivation area was $980{\pm}186%$, which means that usage amounts of insecticide estimated by shipments are ten times higher than those based on cultivation area.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.59-64
• /
• 2014

Objectives: The principal aim of this study is to investigate and analyze domestic usage amounts of insecticide in rice cultivation in order to provide fundamental data for establishing a job-exposure matrix(JEM) related to farmers working with agricultural insecticides. Materials and Methods: An investigation of domestic usage amounts of insecticides rice cultivation was performed through two methods. The first method utilized information on agricultural pesticides published annually by the Korea Crop Protection Association(KCPA). The second method made use of area of cultivation of rice as officially determined by Statistics Korea(SK). An estimation of domestic usage of insecticides in rice cultivation through the second method was determined by multiplying the total cultivation area of rice($m^2$) by the optimal spray volume of insecticides for rice cultivation per unit of cultivation area($kg/m^2$). Results: As a result of the analysis of public data regarding insecticides in rice cultivation, it was found that the domestic usage amount has decreased sharply from the first year of market sales(1969) to the final data year(2012). There is little difference in the annual usage trend of insecticides in rice cultivation between shipment and estimation. Also, the annual usage trends of insecticides in rice cultivation based on regional classification were nearly similar to those based on the overall aspect. Conclusions: The region which used the largest volume of insecticide in rice cultivation in Korea was the Jeolla Provinces, followed by the Gyeonsang Provinces, the Chungcheong Provinces, Seoul/Gyeonggi Province, Gangwon Province and Jeju Province. Substantially, the mean ratio of usage amounts of insecticide based on shipments and those based on estimation by cultivation area was $96{\pm}29%$, which indicates that the domestic usage amount of insecticide for rice cultivation corresponded to the optimal spray standard per unit area.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.367-374
• /
• 2014

The monthly mean air temperature datasets of 61 stations in South Korea from 1973 to 2012 were collected to calculate trends in the warmth index (WI) and to analyze the potential enlargement of safety cultivation limit for sweet persimmon. The WI averaged over the last 40 years was 104.1 (℃·Month) at 61 stations, with the highest at Seogwipo station (WI=137.9) and the lowest at Daegwallyeong station (WI=60.9). It has increased by 1.8 (℃·Month) per 10 years over the last 40 years, with the highest in the year 1994 (WI=112.0) and the lowest in the year 1976 (WI=94.7). When the possible stations for sweet persimmon cultivation were classified by the basis on WI≥100, 38 out of the 61 weather stations were included in the safety cultivation zone for sweet persimmon for the last 40 years. On the other hand, the number of weather stations within the safety cultivation zones for sweet persimmon for the last 10 years (from 2003 to 2012) were 47 by adding additional 9 stations (Socho, Wonju, Chungju, Seosan, Uljin, Yangpyeong, Icheon, Cheonan, and Geochang stations). A further study of the climate conditions and soil characteristics is required for a better assessment of the safety cultivation zones for sweet persimmon.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권12호
• /
• pp.524-535
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 국내 아열대 작물의 재배동향을 분석하여 주산지를 도출하고, 정책지원 및 후속 연구의 기초자료를 제시하였다. 분석결과, 망고를 제외한 나머지 아열대 작물의 재배면적은 정체 또는 감소세를 보였다. 망고와 용과의 주산지는 제주도, 파파야는 경상남도, 강황은 전라남도에 재배면적이 집중된 것으로 나타났다. 구아바와 여주는 재배면적과 농가수가 미미하여 주산지의 정의가 어렵고, 아열대 채소인 여주와 강황은 상위 재배면적을 차지한 시군의 분포가 넓은 것으로 나타났다. 모든 작물에서 상위 10개 지역의 재배면적 비중이 높게 나타났으나, 상위 10위권을 매년 유지한 지역은 절반에 그쳤다. 이는 아열대 작물의 도입과 포기, 재배면적의 확대와 축소가 빈번함을 의미한다. 아열대 작물의 보급과 확대는 향후 기후변화에 대한 농업 부문의 선제대응과 농가 신소득 창출의 측면에서 당위성을 가진다. 정부와 농촌진흥기관은 상위 재배면적이 유지되는 지역을 중심으로 재배기술을 정립하고, 재배면적이 축소되는 지역의 기술적 원인을 규명할 필요가 있다. 또한 농가경영 컨설팅을 위한 기초자료의 구축, 지역별 생육 여건을 고려한 맞춤형 재배기술 개발에 연구지원을 확대할 필요가 있다.