• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cultivating condition

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Effect of Coverings on the Growth of Ginseng and the Persistency of Procymidone in Growing Soils (인삼재배를 위한 차광조건이 인삼의 생육과 토양 중 Procymidone의 잔류에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Hyo-Kun;Lee, Kyu-Seung
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.24-30
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    • 2002
  • Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) has been cultivated on raised beds with shading condition for 4 to 6 years because of its physiological characteristics. This shading condition maintains relatively stable soil environments protecting from rainfall and direct sunlight. Therefore, pesticides in ginseng growing soil are exposed to far different environment from the general cropping field. To study the behavior of pesticides under this condition, the effect of covering on the persistency of Procymidone in ginseng cultivating soil was investigated by using several shade materials. The most important factor affecting Procymidone persistency in soil under covering was water leakage rates of shade materials.

Studies on the production of Glutathione by Microorganism (미생물에 의한 Glutathione 생산에 관한 연구 (제 1보) 생산균주의 선정 및 배양)

  • 조원대;김혁일;송재철;양한철
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.75-80
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    • 1978
  • This study was conducted to investigate the condition of enhancing glutathione content of yeast. Rhodotorula glutinis in various kind of yeasts produced high content of glutathione and dry cell by cultivating for 48 hours at 30'C and pH 6.0 on reciprocal shaker. In order to enhance the glutathione content, as 0.7% of amino acid was applied into the medium. Glutathione was produced high for 36 hours cultivation. When glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine composing the glutathione were added, glutathione content increased to 219 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. However the control showed to 73 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml.

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Strategies for Human Resources Development in the Environmental (환경기술인력 육성 방향 모색을 위한 기초연구)

  • Ra, Young-Sun;Park, Jong-Sung
    • Hwankyungkyoyuk
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2003
  • This study aims to review the present condition of human resources development in environment technology area and to explore the direction of human resources development plans, based on the results of a survey targeting experts in this area. Related papers & literatures are referred and a survey for experts' opinions are carried out. The survey was oriented to the importance and effectiveness of policies designed by Korea Ministry of environment. The main findings of this study are as follows; firstly, an emphasis should be put on generating professionals in charge of creating domestic demand for environmental purposes for promotion to make excellent environmental techniques being of practical use and help them go into businesses was turned out crucial; secondly, it is advised to upgrade the level of qualifications of environmental technicians by reforming into a graduate schoolcentered educational system on a human resource-rearing phase; thirdly, retraining should be provided by law to ensure the enhancement of re-educating the existing environmental technicians; fourth, efforts should be made to promptly develope new techniques and unify declining traditional items, deterring national technical qualification system oriented toward cultivating superintendents in the environment field.

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Short-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Synthesis in Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli and Medical Applications

  • PARK, SI-JAE;CHOI, JONG-IL;LEE, SANG-YUP
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.206-215
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    • 2005
  • Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are homo or hetero polyesters of (R)-hydroxyalkanoates accumulated in various microorganisms under growth-limiting condition in the presence of excess carbon source. They have been suggested as biodegradable substitutes for chemically synthesized polymers. Recombinant Escherichia coli is one of the promising host strains for the economical production of PHAs, and has been extensively investigated for the process development. The heterologous PHA biosynthetic pathways have been established through the metabolic engineering and inherent metabolic pathways of E. coli have been redirected to supply PHA precursors. Fermentation strategies for cultivating these recombinant E. coli strains have also been developed for the efficient production of PHAs. Nowadays, short-chain-length (SCL) PHAs are being re-invited due to its improved mechanical properties and possible applications in the biomedical area. In this article, recent advances in the development of metabolically engineered E. coli strains for the enhanced production of SCL-PHAs are reviewed. Also, medical applications of SCL-PHAs are discussed.

Research on Tobacco Plant Diseases in Korea : An Overview (우리 나라 담배 병 연구의 어제와 오늘)

  • Kim, Jung-Hwa
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.78-83
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    • 2002
  • Tobacco diseases have not been recorded until 1900s in Korea, where tobacco plants were introduced at early 1700s. Practical researches on the disease have been conducted since mid 1960s. Major ten tobacco diseases were mosaic caused by tobacco mosaic virus·potato virus Y·cucumber mosaic virus, bacterial wilt, hollow stalk, wild fire caused by angular leaf spot strain, black shank, brown spot, powdery mildew and fusarium wilt. But their annual occurrences were varied according to changes of tobacco varieties and their cultivating practices. As no useful chemicals, several biological tactics have been developed to control the viral or bacterial diseases that give significant economic damages on sustainable crop yield, but not practicable to field farming condition yet. Transgenic tobacco plants containing foreign disease resistant genes have been developed by current bio-technology, but not released to farmers yet. Though some disease-resistant tobacco varieties have been developed by the conventional breeding technology and currently used by farmers, their disease controlling efficacy have been diminished by occurrence of the new strain or race. Future research on tobacco diseases has been focused on technical development to produce high quality tobacco with less production cost, which leads Korean tobacco industry to keep its competence against foreign industry and decreasing overall market.

A Text Linguistic Approach to the Chapter Hoyeonjigi of Mencius ("맹자" "호연지기 장"의 텍스트언어학적 접근)

  • 이석규
    • Lingua Humanitatis
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    • v.5
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    • pp.127-163
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    • 2003
  • This thesis analyzes the Chapter "Hoyeonjigi(浩然之氣)" of Mencius(孟子), using text linguistics theory and reading theory of Korean. In this process the model of macro-structure #1∼5 are presented, according to Vandijk′s rules of macro-structure; Auslassen, Selektierne, Generalisieren, Konstruieren odor Integrieren. As a result, this certifies; First, macro-structure could make arbitrarily a several steps of macro-structure by types of text or purpose of analysis. Second, macro-structure applies various cognitive mechanisms of outer world as well as inner world. Third, a text with profound symbolism could be figured as a two-or threefolded symbolic structure. At the same time, macro-structure enables the clearer analysis of the content of the Chapter to verify the following; first, Hoyeinjigi itself is the best measure of developing "Imperturbable Mind(不動心)" Second, benevolence-righteousness(仁義) and wisdom(智) would be reached by cultivating Hoyeonjigi. Third, Mencius′ own view of language is well expressed in "Jieon(知言)", which is not only a condition for Imperturbable Mind, but also the Oriental view of language focused especially on listening in terms of language usage, not language analysis. This Mencius′ view of language has a thread connection with that of Oriental′s.

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A study on the hydroponic cultivation of Chinese cabbage for kimchi (김치용 배추의 수경재배에 관한 연구)

  • 한덕철;문성원;김혜자;조재선
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.510-516
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    • 2001
  • Hydroponic cultivation is a technology of raising crops without use of soil. Generally farmers use the method of DFT(deep flow technology)to grow leafy or fruity vegetables; however, systematic and scientific researches are insufficient on this matter. This study investigated the possibility of cultivating Chinese cabbage steadily year long by using the method of DFT. Chinese cabbage was cultivated hydroponically with and without Ge addition, used to prepare kimchi, and the chemical and microbiological characteristics of kimchi were compared. The basic hydroponic cultivation condition was as follows: 30 days after seeding, the raised seeds were moved to a hydroponic bed and given underground water for 3 days so the roots grow normally Standard nutrient solution was provided and the early electric conductivity concentration was maintained between 1.5∼2.5 thickness. The temperature of the solution was maintained between 10 ∼25$^{\circ}C$ to allow the growth of Chinese cabbage. When soil-cultivated, organically cultivated and hydroponically cultivated Chinese cabbages were compared, hydroponically cultivated cabbages were smaller in size and showed less ability to build up and fold leaves into a head, but showed better quality than organically cultivated cabbages. The contents of protein and fat showed no significant differences. The contents of water. Ca, P, Fe, Vitamin A and Niacin were higher in control and Ge-added cabbages compared with soil-grown cabbage. There was no difference between soil-cultivated Chinese cabbage kimchi and hydroponically cultivated Chinese cabbage kimchi.

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Effects of Culture Soil Combinations on Growth of Pteris multifida, Cyrtomium falcatum and Cheilanthes argentea (인공 배양토 종류가 봉의꼬리, 도깨비고비, 부싯깃고사리의 생육에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoo, Dong-Lim;Lee, Hyean-Suk;Nam, Chun-Woo;Kim, Soo-Jeong;Suh, Jong-Taek
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.517-520
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    • 2006
  • The effects of culture soil combinations on growth of native pteridophyte (Pteris multifida, Cyrtomium falcatum and Cheilanthes argentea) were investigated in this study. Six different culture soil mixtures used for cultivating the pteridophytes under 30% shading condition. Pteris multifida was showed the most growth at the culture soil mixtures of peatmoss : living moss (5 : 5), and peatmoss : perlite (7 : 3). Cyrtomium falcatum and Cheilanthes argentea showed the best growth in the culture soils mixtures of sand : soil : leaf mold (2 : 5 : 3) and peatmoss : perlite (7 : 3, 5 : 5), respectively.

Enhanced Antibiotic Production by Streptomyces sindenensis Using Artificial Neural Networks Coupled with Genetic Algorithm and Nelder-Mead Downhill Simplex

  • Tripathi, C.K.M.;Khan, Mahvish;Praveen, Vandana;Khan, Saif;Srivastava, Akanksha
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.22 no.7
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    • pp.939-946
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    • 2012
  • Antibiotic production with Streptomyces sindenensis MTCC 8122 was optimized under submerged fermentation conditions by artificial neural network (ANN) coupled with genetic algorithm (GA) and Nelder-Mead downhill simplex (NMDS). Feed forward back-propagation ANN was trained to establish the mathematical relationship among the medium components and length of incubation period for achieving maximum antibiotic yield. The optimization strategy involved growing the culture with varying concentrations of various medium components for different incubation periods. Under non-optimized condition, antibiotic production was found to be $95{\mu}g/ml$, which nearly doubled ($176{\mu}g/ml$) with the ANN-GA optimization. ANN-NMDS optimization was found to be more efficacious, and maximum antibiotic production ($197{\mu}g/ml$) was obtained by cultivating the cells with (g/l) fructose 2.7602, $MgSO_4$ 1.2369, $(NH_4)_2PO_4$ 0.2742, DL-threonine 3.069%, and soyabean meal 1.952%, for 9.8531 days of incubation, which was roughly 12% higher than the yield obtained by ANN coupled with GA under the same conditions.

The Artificial Cultivation of Oudemansiella mucida on the Oak Sawdust Medium

  • Lee, Geon-Woo;Jaysinghe, Chandana;Imtiaj, Ahmed;Shim, Mi-Ja;Hur, Hyun;Lee, Min-Woong;Lee, Kyung-Rim;Kim, Seong-Hwan;Kim, Hye-Young;Lee, U-Youn;Lee, Tae-Soo
    • Mycobiology
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.226-229
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    • 2007
  • To produce fruiting bodies of Oudemansiella mucida, porcelain fungus, on the oak sawdust medium, additives suitable for the mycelial growth and fruiting body formation were screened. In general, the mycelial growth of the three strains of O. mucida used in this study have been good on oak sawdust mixed rice bran of $20{\sim}30%$. The mycelia incubated in potato dextrose broth for 7 days were inoculated on oak sawdust medium supplemented with various ratios of rice bran and incubated for 30 days at $25^{\circ}C$ in the dark condition until the mycelia of O. mucida fully colonized the media from top to bottom. Then, top surface of the media in the bottles were horizontally scratched with a spatula and filled with tap water for 3 hours. To induce the primordial formation of O. mucida, the bottles were transferred to the mushroom cultivating room under 12 hrs of light (350 lux) and dark condition with relative humidity of 95% at $17^{\circ}C$. The primordia of O. mucida were formed on the surface of oak sawdust media after 7 days of incubation. The mature fruiting bodies were observed 5 days after primordial formation. The fruiting bodies O. mucida were formed on oak sawdust medium mixed with 5 to 30% rice bran. However, abundant fruiting-bodies of O. mucida were produced in oak sawdust medium supplemented with 20% rice bran. This is the first report associated with an artificial fruiting body production of O. mucida in Korea.