• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제57권5호
• /
• pp.434-438
• /
• 2004

배 경 : 기관 내관 풍선(cuff)의 압력은 과도하게 높으면 기관에 손상을 일으키고, 낮으면 압력 누출이 초래되므로 적절한 압력 유지가 필요하다. 적절한 cuff의 압력을 유지하기 위해서 시행하는 최소 밀폐압 (minimal occlusion pressure) 방법에서 cuff의 압력은 최고 흡기압(peak inspiratory pressure)의 영향을 받는다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 최고 흡기압 이외의 다른 요소, 특히 환기 용적과의 관련성은 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 이에 저자들은 인공호흡기 치료를 받는 환자들에서 동일한 최고 흡기압을 유지하면서 상시량을 변화시키는 것이 기관 내관 cuff의 최소 밀폐압에 영향을 주는지 보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 인공 호흡기 치료 중인 환자 10명을 대상으로 cuff 압력 측정계를 이용하여 공기 누출이 일어나지 않는 cuff의 최소 압력(최소 밀폐압)을 구하였다. 최고 흡기압을 일정하게 유지하도록 인공호흡기의 설정을 조절하면서 1회 호흡량을 10% 증가시킨 용적과 10% 감소시킨 용적을 각각 적용하면서 최소 밀폐압을 측정하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 초기 설정에서 최고 흡기압은 $32.6{\pm}4.72cmH_2O$ 였고, 최소 밀폐압은 $19.0{\pm}2.26$ mmHg 였다. 각 환자의 최고 흡기압과 최소 밀폐압 사이에는 의미 있는 상관관계가 있었다(r=0.77, p<0.01). 상시량을 10% 증가시킨 경우(high volume state)의 최소 밀폐압은 $20.3{\pm}2.41$ mmHg로 증가하였고(p<0.05), 상시량을 감소시킨 경우(low volume state)의 최소 밀폐압은 $16.8{\pm}3.01$ mmHg로 감소하였다(p<0.001). 결 론 : 최고 흡기압 뿐만 아니라 1회 호흡량도 기관 내관 cuff의 최소 밀폐압에 영향을 미칠 수 있다.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제61권6호
• /
• pp.885-890
• /
• 2012

In this study, a new blood pressure measuring system was proposed and implemented. An additional small-cuff was placed on the center of a inner cuff to measure morphological signals and new oscillometric ratio. The proposed BP-measuring system is composed of an external cuff, an inner cuff and a small-cuff. Oscillation signal from small-cuff is interpolated with 7th-order fitting polynomials and SBP, DBP ratio were 22.2% and 87.7%. Experimental data were gathered from 20 volunteers ($25{\pm}4$ years) and arterial blood pressure values were compared with auscultation, sphygmomanometers, small-cuff and inner-cuff. As a result, the difference in systolic BP between auscultation and the small-cuff was 1.93(${\pm}1.28$) mmHg, and the inner-cuff was 4.53(${\pm}4.39$) mmHg, and sphygmomanometer was 6.68(${\pm}3.99$) mmHg, and the corresponding difference in diastolic BP was 2.50(${\pm}2.04$) mmHg, 3.50(${\pm}3.19$) mmHg, 7.35(${\pm}5.62$), respectively.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study investigated the effectiveness of education regarding cuff pressure following endotracheal tube intubation using a quasi-experimental design with a pre- and posttest non-equivalent control group. Methods: A total of 78 students from two universities participated in an education intervention on the importance of cuff pressure after endotracheal tube intubation between October and December, 2016. The intervention lasted 40 minutes. Data were collected from each student before the intervention and one week following the intervention. Analyses were conducted using chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, and analysis of covariance. Results: A total of 38 students were assigned to the experimental group and 40 to the control group. The educational intervention of cuff pressure following endotracheal tube intubation was associated with prevention of possible complications from excessive cuff pressure (F=121.02, p<.001). Conclusion: Training with a pressure gauge and an intubation manikin is necessary to determine the appropriate cuff pressure in the intubation protocol of the practical examination in the emergency medical technology.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop a new cuff to improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement, and to evaluate the performance of the developed system. We added a small bladder to the normal cuff, which we refer to as the double bladder system. The system that we developed for blood pressure measurement was based on the oscillometric method using a double bladder. This system was developed in order to reduce the oscillation noise and to amplify the signal of pure blood pressure. An oscillometric signal database based on the developed system was evaluated according to the ANSI/AAMI/SP10-1992 standard. The correlation coefficients between the cuff of the double bladder and the normal cuff were 0.98 for systolic pressure and 0.94 for diastolic pressure. The mean differences and the standard deviations between the average blood pressure obtained from a mercury manometer and that obtained from an automated sphygmomanometer were -0.7mmHg and 4.9mmHg for systolic, and -1.4mmHg and 5.4mmHg for diastolic pressure. We conclude that the proposed double bladder-based cuff system improves the accuracy of oscillometric blood pressure measurement. The developed system reduces the range of error by about $44{\sim}62%$ for systolic pressure and about $6{\sim}21%$ for diastolic pressure compared to the most recently developed, commercially available sphygmomanometers.

• 성인간호학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.538-546
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of cuff pressure on postoperative sore throat. Methods: Data were collected from January 4 through May 15, 2008. Among the 60 patients, 30 patients were randomly assigned to the control group and the rest to the experimental group. Initial cuff pressure of both groups was set at 20 $cmH_2O$. The experimental group was maintained at 20 $cmH_2O$ throughout the anesthesia, while the control group was not regulated further. Sore throat was assessed at postoperative 1, 24 and 72 hours. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test and Spearman's rho coefficients. Results: Cuff pressure in control group increased from 20 to 43 $cmH_2O$ within 3 hours after induction. However, the experimental group showed that there was apparently a reduced rate of sore throat at postoperative 24 hours (p = .048), and 72 hours (p = .002) than in the control group. However, no outstanding differences between both groups at postoperative 1 hour (p = .081) were detected. The correlation between cuff pressure and sore throat was statistically significant ($r_s$ = .590, p < .001). Conclusion: We conclude that maintaining cuff pressure at 20 $cmH_2O$ could be an effective means to reduce sore throat in surgical patients with inhalation anesthesia.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제52권2호
• /
• pp.156-165
• /
• 2002

연구배경: 기관내 관에 의한 합병증 중에서 기낭에 연관된 문제로 높은 기낭압은 기관 점막의 허혈성 손상을 초래하고 너무 낮은 기낭압은 상기도 분비물의 흡인과 환기 가스의 누출에 따른 환기 장애를 초래한다. 이러한 기낭과 관련된 문제들을 예방하기 위해서는 적절한 기낭압을 유지하는 것이 중요하다. 더욱이 장기간 기계호흡을 받는 환자에서는 환자의 호흡역학의 변화 등 여러 원인에 의해서 적절한 기낭압이 변할 수 있어 기낭압의 지속적인 감시 및 관리가 필요할 것으로 사료되나 이에 대한 연구 보고가 없었다. 이에 본 연구는 장기간 기계호흡을 받는 환자에서 기관내관의 기낭압의 변화를 알아 보고 기낭압의 지속적인 감시 및 관리의 필요성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 호흡부전으로 14일 이상 장기간 기계호흡을 받는 환자를 대상으로 기관 내관 삽관 일부터 발관 일까지 매일 기낭 공기량의 변화에 따른 기낭압의 변화를 알아 보고 적절한 기낭압을 유지하기 위해 필요한 기낭 공기량을 측정하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 기낭압은 삽관 일수에 따라 유의한 증가는 관찰되지 않았으나 적절한 기낭압을 유지 하기 위해서 필요한 기낭내 주입 공기량은 환자에 따라 1.9~6.9 cc 로써 다양하고 동일한 환자 내에서도 적절한 기낭압을 유지하기 위해 필요한 기낭내 주입 공기량의 변화가 심하고, 일정한 기낭 공기 3cc 주입시 측정된 기낭압의 변화가 평균 22 $cmH_2O$였다. 수은혈압계로 측정된 기낭압은 자동기낭압관리기로 측정된 기낭압과 정확히 일치하였다. 결 론 : 기낭압에 의한 합병증을 줄이기 위해서 일정한 공기량을 기낭내 주입하거나 간헐적인 기낭압의 측정으로는 적절한 기낭압을 지속적으로 유지 하는데 부적절하여 지속적인 기낭압의 측정 및 감시가 필요한 것으로 사료되며 이러한 목적으로 수은혈압계는 자동기낭압관리기를 대체하여 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.181-188
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to develop the new cuff improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement, and to evaluate the performance of the developed system. We added a small bladder to the normal cuff which is called the double bladder system. The developed system for blood pressure measurement was based on the oscillometric method using a double bladder. This system was developed in order to reduce the oscillation noise and to amplify the signal of pure blood pressure An oscillometric signal database based on the developed system were evaluated following the standard ANSI/AAMI/SP10-1992. The correlation coefficients between cuff of double bladder and normal cuff were 0.98 for systolic and 0.94 for diastolic. Mean differences and the standard deviations between average blood pressure of mercury sphygmomanometer and automated sphygmomanometer were -0.7mmHg and 4.9mmHg for systolic, and -1.4mmHg and 5.4mmHg for diatolic, respectively. We conclude that the proposed double bladder based cuff system improves the accuracy of the oscillometric blood pressure measurement. The developed system reduces the error range about $44\~62\%$ for systolic and about $6\~21\%$ for diastolic compared to the recently developed commercially available sphygmomanometers.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.6-13
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify differences in blood pressure according to cuff size and measurement sites of the participants. Method: The participants consisted of 50 women and 50 men whose upper arm circumference was $26\sim30cm$. They had no chronic illness and gave consent to participate. Blood pressure of the wrist was measured in the sitting position, the upper arm with a standard cuff, large and small cuffs were used for measurement in supine position and the thigh in prone position. The data were analyzed with paired t-test using SPSS 12.0 program. Result: The data for the upper arm showed a difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure depending on the site of measurement. There was a significant difference between measurements with a standard cuff and measurements with large and small cuffs. The systolic blood pressure of the wrist and the thigh were significantly lower than that of the upper arm. Conclusion: These results suggest that the selection of an appropriate cuff is an essential element in ensuring accuracy when measuring blood pressure and differences in systolic blood pressure for the upper arm, wrist and thigh indicate the need to record the measuring site when measuring blood pressure.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2016

The arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is now considered a mainstream technique with highly satisfactory clinical results. However, concerns remain regarding healing failures for large and massive tears and high revision rate. In recent decades, various repair strategies and construct configurations have been developed for rotator cuff repair with the understanding that many factors contribute to the structural integrity of the repaired construct. The focus of biomechanical test in arthroscopic repair has been on increasing fixation strength and restoration of the footprint contact characteristics to provide early rehabilitation and improve healing. These include repaired rotator cuff tendon-footprint motion, increased tendon-footprint contact area and pressure, and tissue quality of tendon and bone. Recent studies have shown that a transosseous tunnel technique provides improved contact area and pressure between rotator cuff tendon and insertion footprint, and the technique of using double rows of suture anchors to recreate the native footprint attachment has been recently described. The transosseous equivalent suture bridge technique has the highest contact pressure and fixation force. In this review, the biomechanical tests about repair techniques of rotator cuff tear will be reviewed and discussed.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2016

A pressure measurement system was developed to verify magnitude and position of transferred pressure on the body surface during the intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) which is one of the most well-known methods for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Eighty force sensing resistors (FSR) were arranged on a mannequin leg and a hardware controller sensed, digitized, and transferred pressure data every second while IPC was being applied. Finally, sensed pressure data were color coded and visualized on the 3D model with lab-developed software. The pressure data were also saved to files for further analysis. Using this measurement system, the changing pattern of pressure was measured on the mannequin leg by changing both chamber pressure and cuff tightness. As a result, net pressure transferred onto the body surface is dependent on chamber pressure and cuff tightness. Under the same chamber pressure, the tighter a cuff was worn, the wider compressed area was and the shorter compression cycle was. Also transferred pressure was proportional to both chamber pressure and cuff tightness.