The Effects of Tidal Volume on Minimal Occlusion Pressure of Endotracheal Tube Cuff in Patients with Same Peak Inspiratory pressure

동일한 최고 흡기압(Peak inspiratory pressure)에서 기관 내관 풍선(Endotracheal tube cuff)의 최소 밀폐압(Minimal occlusion pressure)에 대한 상시량의 영향

  • Sohn, Jang Won (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Tae Hyung (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yoon, Ho Joo (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Dong Ho (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Sung Soo (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine)
  • 손장원 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김태형 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 윤호주 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 신동호 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 박성수 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실)
  • Received : 2004.10.13
  • Accepted : 2004.11.04
  • Published : 2004.11.30

Abstract

Background : An excessive endotracheal cuff pressure can cause tracheal injury, and insufficient cuff pressure may not generate an effective cuff seal. The peak inspiratory pressure influences the minimal occlusion pressure of the endotracheal tube cuff. However, the relationship between the minimal occlusion pressure and the tidal volume has not been investigated. This study was conducted to estimate the relationship between the tidal volume and the minimal occlusion pressure of the cuff. Methods : Ten mechanically ventilated patients were included. The minimal occlusion pressure of the cuff was measured using a pressure gauge. The basal tidal volume was increased and decreased as much as 10% whilst maintaining the same peak inspiratory pressure. The, minimal occlusion pressures were then measured in the high and low tidal volume state, respectively. Results : The peak inspiratory pressure was $32.6{\pm}4.72cmH_2O$ and the minimal occlusion pressure was $19.0{\pm}2.26$ mmHg in the basal ventilator setting. There was a significant relationship between the peak inspiratory pressure and the minimal occlusion pressure(r=0.77, p<0.01). The minimal occlusion pressure of the cuff was increased to $20.3{\pm}2.4$ mmHg in the high tidal volume state(p<0.05), and decreased to $16.8{\pm}3.01$ mmHg in the low tidal volume state (p<0.001). Conclusion : The minimal occlusion pressure of the cuff can be influenced by changes in the tidal volume as well as by the peak inspiratory pressure.

배 경 : 기관 내관 풍선(cuff)의 압력은 과도하게 높으면 기관에 손상을 일으키고, 낮으면 압력 누출이 초래되므로 적절한 압력 유지가 필요하다. 적절한 cuff의 압력을 유지하기 위해서 시행하는 최소 밀폐압 (minimal occlusion pressure) 방법에서 cuff의 압력은 최고 흡기압(peak inspiratory pressure)의 영향을 받는다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 최고 흡기압 이외의 다른 요소, 특히 환기 용적과의 관련성은 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 이에 저자들은 인공호흡기 치료를 받는 환자들에서 동일한 최고 흡기압을 유지하면서 상시량을 변화시키는 것이 기관 내관 cuff의 최소 밀폐압에 영향을 주는지 보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 인공 호흡기 치료 중인 환자 10명을 대상으로 cuff 압력 측정계를 이용하여 공기 누출이 일어나지 않는 cuff의 최소 압력(최소 밀폐압)을 구하였다. 최고 흡기압을 일정하게 유지하도록 인공호흡기의 설정을 조절하면서 1회 호흡량을 10% 증가시킨 용적과 10% 감소시킨 용적을 각각 적용하면서 최소 밀폐압을 측정하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 초기 설정에서 최고 흡기압은 $32.6{\pm}4.72cmH_2O$ 였고, 최소 밀폐압은 $19.0{\pm}2.26$ mmHg 였다. 각 환자의 최고 흡기압과 최소 밀폐압 사이에는 의미 있는 상관관계가 있었다(r=0.77, p<0.01). 상시량을 10% 증가시킨 경우(high volume state)의 최소 밀폐압은 $20.3{\pm}2.41$ mmHg로 증가하였고(p<0.05), 상시량을 감소시킨 경우(low volume state)의 최소 밀폐압은 $16.8{\pm}3.01$ mmHg로 감소하였다(p<0.001). 결 론 : 최고 흡기압 뿐만 아니라 1회 호흡량도 기관 내관 cuff의 최소 밀폐압에 영향을 미칠 수 있다.

Keywords

References

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