• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2002

Parthenogenetic development, hybrid vigour and cocoon shape variability were studied in bivoltine F1 hybrids of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Considerable breed differences were observed in parthenogenetic ability. Among the parental breeds, CSR18 exhibited maximum parthenogenetic development (79.65%) followed by CSR4 (67.90%). Among bivoltine F1 hybrids, CSR18 ${\times}$ CSR4 showed highest parthenogenetic development (73.32%) followed by CSR2 ${\times}$ CSR4 (55.43%). Study on hybrid vigour demonstrated that CSR18 ${\times}$ CSR19 expressed maximum significant hybrid vigour for all the seven economic characters over Mid Parent Value (MPV) followed by CSR2 ${\times}$ CSR4 and CSR18 ${\times}$ CSR4 exhibiting significant heterosis for six characters. Cocoon shape measurement study revealed that among ten bivoltine F1 hybrids, cocoons of three hybrids were found comparatively uniform. Importance of this study to know the level of paythenogenetic development, hybrid vigour and cocoon shape variability in different bivoltine F1 hybrids have been discussed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.242-247
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• 2008

In the fungal pathogen Candida albicans, the yeast-to-hyphal transition occurs in response to a broad range of environmental stimuli and is considered to be a major virulence factor. To address whether the zinc homeostasis affects the growth or pathogenicity of C. albicans, we functionally characterized the zinc-finger protein Csr1 during filamentation. The deduced amino acid sequence of Csr1 showed a 49% similarity to the zinc-specific transcription factor, Zap1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sequential disruptions of CSR1 were carried out in diploid C. albicans. The csr1/csr1 mutant strain showed severe growth defects under zinc-limited growth conditions and the filamentation defect under hypha-inducing media. The colony morphology and the germ-tube formation were significantly affected by the csr1 mutation. The expression of the hyphae-specific gene HWP1 was also impaired in csr1/csr1 cells. The C. albicans homologs of ZRTl and ZRT2, which are zinc-transporter genes in S. cerevisiae, were isolated. High-copy number plasmids of these genes suppressed the filamentation defect of the csr1/csr1 mutant strain. We propose that the filamentation phenotype of C. albicans is closely associated with the zinc homeostasis in the cells and that Csr1 plays a critical role in this regulation.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.26-40
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• 2016

The importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implementation is increasing and CSR activity has become a core activity for firms. The increase on CSR activity expenditures also increases the need for strategic. When firms implement CSR strategically, firms need to consider consumers' perspectives toward CSR. This research investigated how Korean fashion companies integrate consumers' CSR expectations into CSR implementation. Through a qualitative study, we researched a firm's consideration of consumers which are reflected in detailed procedures of CSR implementation. We conducted in-depth interviews with executives and managers in charge of CSR and found the following results. First, motivations for CSR implementation were both strategic and moral along with consumers who play a crucial role in CSR motivation. Second, firms conducted various strategic CSR activities differentiating themselves using a specific resource. Third, self-CSR evaluation was not active and structured. Few companies were collecting consumer responses to CSR activities. Last, executives and managers have difficulties to perform CSR activities due to gaps between ethical consumption consciousness and the ethical consumption behavior, measurement of CSR effect, and lack of understanding of strategic CSR. The results of our study show that firm's consideration of consumers is insufficient despite executives and managers who strongly agree with the need for strategic CSR.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.26-48
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• 2023

While corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been considered an important philanthropic support for nonprofits worldwide, little is known about how perceptions of CSR are associated with actual CSR practices that may benefit nonprofit organizations in different institutional contexts. This study applies stakeholder theory to examine how South Korean firms perceive CSR outcomes, and how these perceptions lead to different CSR practices. We constructed a panel dataset using two waves of the Giving Korea survey of CSR and two additional sources. The results indicate that perceived CSR outcomes may play a critical role in CSR practices: 1) the more financial performance is perceived as an outcome, the more will be donated; 2) the more organizational culture is perceived as an outcome, the greater the engagement in employee volunteering; and 3) the more reputation is perceived as an outcome, the more nonprofit organizations are supported. From the findings, we discuss theoretical implications and provide suggestions for nonprofit organizations.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Purpose - Drawing upon signaling and social identity theories, this study explores the effect of engagement in CSR activities by foreign firms on applicants' intention to apply. Furthermore, this study suggests CSR education as a moderator which strengthens the positive effects of the engagement in CSR activities on the intention to apply for potential job seekers. Research design, data, and methodology - One hundred and ninety-one undergraduate students were solicited to participate in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to two scenarios depicting different levels of a given foreign firm's engagement in CSR activities. After reading the given scenario, respondents answered a series of questions on their intention to apply to the foreign organization. Result - The results from hierarchical regression reveal that Korean applicants have a more favorable perception of a foreign firm which performs engagement in positive CSR activities. Moreover, the positive effect of the engagement in CSR activities on the intention to apply has a greater impact for Korean applicants who had CSR education. Conclusion - The result indicates that foreign firms could overcome the liabilities of foreignness and attract local talent effectively, by engaging in CSR activities. Moreover, this study suggests the important role of CSR education, and significantly contributes to the international recruiting literature.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2006

Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore have evolved several highly productive bivoltine hybrids which can produce international grade raw silk. Among them $CSR2{\times}CSR4,\;CSR2{\times}CSR5,\;CSR3{\times}CSR6,\;CSR17{\times}CSR16,\;CSR18{\times}CSR19$ and $CSR12{\times}CSR6$ are being popularized in the field. There is a minimum difference in their economic characters but they appear to differ in survival. Though they are productive under high input management conditions, they are very susceptible to different diseases under normal rearing practices. No systematic attempts have been made to test their susceptibility status / resistance. Thus the present study is a modest attempt to screen the above six productive bivoltine hybrids to two important pathogens viz., Bombyx mori Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (BmNPV) and Bombyx mori Infectious Flacherie Virus (BmIFV) along with existing hybrid, $KA{\times}NB4D2$ to assess their susceptibility / resistance. The results shows that the productive hybrid $CSR2{\times}CSR4$ is the most resistant to BmNPV and it is suggested by its highest $LC_{50}$ value followed by $CSR12{\times}CSR6,\;KA{\times}NB4D2,\;CSR3{\times}CSR6,\;CSR17{\times}CSR16,\;CSR18{\times}CSR19,\;CSR2{\times}CSR5$. Based on the $LC_{50}$ value and $LT_{50}$ values for BmIFV, the hybrid $KA{\times}NB4D2$ was found to be the most resistant (1st position) one followed by $CSR3{\times}CSR6$ (2nd position) $CSR2{\times}CSR$ (3rd position) and $CSR12{\times}CSR6$ (4th position) $CSR17{\times}CSR16$, $CSR18{\times}CSR19$ (5th position) and $CSR2{\times}CSR5$ being the least. The response of 7 bivoltine hybrids to both the pathogens BmNPV and BmIFV indicates that, the hybrids $CSR2{\times}CSR4$, $CSR12{\times}CSR6$ and $KA{\times}NB4D2$ were found to be the most resistant when compared to others. Further, $KA{\times}NB4D2$ being less productive hybrid with a shell ratio of 20.08%, the other two hybrids $CSR2{\times}CSR4$ (Cocoon shell ratio, 21.44%) and $CSR12{\times}CSR6$ (cocoon shell ratio, 23.45%) can be considered to be most productive with superior quality cocoon and resistant to both BmNPV and BmIFV pathogens. The overall study indicated that the hybrid $CSR2{\times}CSR5$ is the most susceptible hybrid to both the pathogens.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.455-466
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• 2014

This study examines the effectiveness of CSR through the expectancy disconfirmation theory. The change of CSR belief after a corporate social irresponsibility (CSIR) crisis was investigated in terms of activity timing (proactive activities before CSIR crisis/reactive activities after CSIR crisis). Study 1 explores the influence of CSR belief perceptions formed through usual CSR activities on CSR belief decline after a CSIR crisis and the moderating effect of CSR activity types. Higher CSR belief perceptions are formed through usual CSR activities that result in a large CSR belief decline. The moderating effect of CSR activity types on CSR belief decline is found. Volunteer activity has the strongest depending effect on CSIR crisis. Study 2 explores the influence of CSR belief perceptions formed through CSIR crisis on a CSR belief incline after CSR activities and the moderating effect of CSR activity types. The lower CSR belief perception after CSIR crisis results in a high CSR belief incline after CSR activities. The moderating effect of CSR activity types on CSR belief incline is found. Cause-related marketing has the strongest overcoming effect on a CSIR crisis.

• 벤처혁신연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.67-82
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• 2018

최근 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)에 대한 인식이 변하고 있다. 종전 CSR은 특정 기업이 이미지 개선을 위해 일시적으로 행해 왔던 선행정도로 치부되어 왔으나 CSR은 더 이상 선택사항이 아니라, 기업의 지속성장과 경쟁력 향상의 원천이라는 인식이 확산되고 있다. 기업의 사회적 책임은 시대나 경제환경에 따라 변해 왔으며 최근 글로벌 가치사슬이 중요해지면서 수출중소기업의 성장전략으로 자리잡게 되었다. 수출중소기업의 경우 글로벌 가치사슬(GVC)에 참여하기 위해서는 글로벌 기업이 요구하는 CSR에 대한 국제적 표준을 충족시켜야 한다. 이런 추세를 반영하여 수출중소기업은 CSR활동을 통해 사회적 책임 이행과 효율적 성장이라는 두 가지 목표를 동시에 달성할 수 있는 방향으로 노력해야 할 것이다. 중도기업의 지속성장을 위한 핵심방안의 하나로서 정책적 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 첫째. 중소기업 CSR 전담 국가기구의 설립이 필요하다. 중앙정부 산하에 중소기업 CSR을 전담하는 조직을 설립하여 중소기업 CSR업무를 총괄해야 한다. 둘째, CSV 평가모델 개발 및 인증사업을 추진해야 한다. CSR의 국제적인 트랜드를 개별기업에 신속하게 전달하고 컨설팅을 통해 경제적인 효과를 극대화할 수 있도록 지원해야 할 것이다. 셋째, 글로벌 진출과 연계해야 한다. 중소기업의 CSR보고서는 글로벌 가치사슬에서 실질적인 효과가 있도록 작성해야 할 것이다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.95-110
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• 2011

Since the mid-1990s, the corporate social responsibility(adhere CSR) has risen as an important issue in Korean company. We have classified 3 effects of CSR activities on corporate performance. That is, this study investigates the relationship between CSR and corporate performance, which are financial performance, marketing performance, human resource and organization performance. Previous literatures discuss how CSR activities influence on corporate performance. But they have not reached at a clear conclusion and the issue is still debate. The relationship between CSR and corporate performance is actually more complicated, so this study is to review literature of various perspective. In this study, CSR management tool proposed for effective and efficiency CSR management by literature review. A right measure is fundamental factor for effective and efficiency CSR management. This study provide fundamental tip for CSR measure using of principles of ISO 26000.

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
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• 대한조선학회 2017년도 특별논문집
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• pp.73-79
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• 2017

IACS enacted Harmonized CSR(CSR-H) to meet the IMO GBS applied from 1 July 2016. CSR-H is clearly complement and integrate than present CSR-BC & CSR-OT. One of the biggest issue in new rule is structural analysis. In CSR-H, structural analysis must carried out entire each cargo area including the aft bulkhead of the aftermost cargo hold and the collision bulkhead. Accordingly, new load and boundary conditions are present, an additional structural reinforcement is required by the structural analysis result for each cargo hold. In this study, we applied CSR-H to existing 158K DWT CLASS CRUDE OIL TANKER in order to compare and analyze the hull changes. It is useful for the application of the CSR-H to the similar vessel and helpful in finding the optimized structural design.