• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.168-174
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• 1998

This study was conducted to determine whether Mildronate, an analogue of carnitine, influences blood alcohol concentration and hang-over syndrome in rabbits and healthy college male students. In the animal study, ten rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. One hundred mg per 1kg body weight of Mildronate was injected twice into five rabbits before injecting 50% ethanol; the rest of rabbits were injected with saline. The human study was performed with two sections. Each section of the study was conducted by a two-phase cross-over design with a four day wash-out period. All volunteers took Mildronate in one phase, and took a placebo in the next phase. The difference between the two sections was related to the time of taking the Mildronate pill and the amount of alcohol consumed. Blood alcohol concentrations were not significantly different between in those taking Mildronate and in those taking the placebo in both the human and the animal study. However, the concentration of serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST, GOT), the indicator of liver cell damage, was lowered in those taking Mildronate, compared to those taking the placebo. Also, headache and heartburn among hang-over syndrome patients were less severe with Mildronate. In conclusion, taking Mildronate prior to drinking alcohol can somewhat reduce liver cell damage and hang-over syndrome without stimulating alcohol metabolism.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2012

Gas Assisted Injection Molding is a relatively new low-pressure injection molding technique that provides benefits such as reduced part warpage, excellent surface quality without shrink marks, greater design flexibility, etc. In the gas assisted injection molding process, the injected pressurized nitrogen gas flows through designed gas channels and forms hollow sections within the part. However, due to the characteristics of the gas, the design of the gas channels which are the paths for the injected gas is important in order to avoid defects such as gas blowout, fingering, etc. Therefore, in this study, the gas channel design for gas assisted injection molding of exterior display panels was conducted by examining the results of three CAE analyses. The designed gas channel was verified by conducting tryouts using a 450 ton injection molding machine with 3-stage pressure controlled gas kit. In addition, the hollow shapes which were formed by the gas with the installed gas channels were examined by examining the cross sections of the prototypes that were produced. As a result, it was found that exterior display panels can be produced without any defect by applying the gas assisted injection molding technique.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.298-303
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• 2023

This study aimed to describe a rare case of gnathostomiasis in the vocal cord. A 54-yearold Chinese woman living in Korea visited with a chief complaint of voice change at the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology in Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University on August 2, 2021. She had eaten raw conger a few weeks before the voice change developed, but her medical history and physical examinations demonstrated neither gastrointestinal symptoms nor other health problems. A round and red cystic lesion, recognized in the anterior part of the right vocal cord, was removed using forceps and scissors through laryngeal microsurgery. The histopathological specimen of the cyst revealed 3 cross-sections of a nematode larva in the lumen of the cyst wall composed of inflammatory cells and fibrotic tissues. They differ in diameter, from 190 ㎛ to 235 ㎛. They showed characteristic cuticular layers with tegumental spines, somatic muscle layers, and gastrointestinal tracts such as the esophagus and intestine. Notably, intestinal sections consisted of 27-28 lining cells containing 0-4 nuclei per cell. We tentatively identified the nematode larva recovered from the vocal cord cystic lesion as the thirdstage larva of Gnathostoma, probably G. nipponicum or G. hispidum, based on the sectional morphologies.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.353-366
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• 2023

This paper presents a finite-element analysis (FEA) of aluminum alloy rectangular hollow sections (RHSs) and square hollow sections (SHSs) with circular through-openings under three-point and four-point bending. First, a finite-element model (FEM) was developed and validated against the corresponding test results available in the literature. Next, using the validated FE models, a parametric study comprising 180 FE models was conducted. The cross-section width-to-thickness ratio (b/t) ranged from 2 to 5, the hole size ratio (d/h) ranged from 0.2 to 0.8 and the quantity of holes (n) ranged from 2 to 6, respectively. Third, results obtained from laboratory test and FEA were compared with current design strengths calculated in accordance with the North American Specifications (NAS), the modified direct strength method (DSM) and the modified Continuous strength method (CSM). The comparison shows that the modified CSM are conservative by 15% on average for aluminum alloy RHSs and SHSs with circular through-openings subject to bending. Finally, a new design equation is proposed based on the modified CSM after being validated with results obtained from laboratory test and FEA. The proposed design equation can provide accurate predictions of flexural capacities for aluminum alloy RHSs and SHSs with circular through-openings.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.90 no.2
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• pp.143-157
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• 2024

Cold-formed steel (CFS) I sections are increasingly being used as load-bearing components in building constructions, and such I sections frequently incorporate web holes to facilitate service installation. The economical and structural advantages of these elements have prompted many researchers to investigate the behavior of such structures. Despite numerous studies on the buckling stability of castellated beams, there is a notable absence of experimental investigation into oval castellated beams with stiffeners. This study examines the local buckling of cold-formed steel castellated I-beams stiffened with oval constellations through experimental and numerical analysis. Four specimens are fabricated with and without stiffeners, including parallel, perpendicular, and intersecting types attached to the web portion of the beam, along with cross stiffeners for the oval-shaped openings at the beam ends. Additionally, a numerical model is developed to predict the behavior of castellated beams with oval openings up to failure, considering both material and geometric nonlinearities. Codal analysis is performed using the North American specification for cold-formed steel AISI S-100 and the Australian/New Zealand design code AS/NZS 4600. The anticipated outcomes from numerical analysis, experimental research, and codal analysis are compared and presented. It will be more helpful to the preliminary designers.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.8 no.1 s.11
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• pp.28-32
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• 1999

The performance of dimensional stabilization of lactitol, PEG (Mw, 4000), and sucrose was evaluated for thin sections of oak wood (Quercus sp.) that had been buried in underground for presumably 1500 years. Thin wood sections of the specimen were soaked for three and seven days in each stabilizing agent with wide concentration ranges of 10, 30, 50, and $70\%$ by weight. Sucrose showed the largest weight gain among three agents, and the shrinkage of cross sections were found to be $1\%\;and\;4\%$ for three and seven days soaking, respectively. The result showed that sucrose among three stabilizing agents used was the best for the dimensional stabilization of the oak wood.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.257-265
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• 2012

Current trends in steel construction include using tapered, non-compact sections to minimize the use of excess material as much as possible by choosing the cross-sections instead of the classical approach of using prismatic members. In addition, snug conditions, especially the end-plate type, have the advantage of incurring less construction costs and shorter assembly times as opposed to full pre-tensioned conditions. On the other hand, it is important to predict the collapse of the PEB system due to over-loading. Large-scale tests of tapered steel portal frames with non-compact sections were conducted. The primary test parameters included the bolt connection method and the loading condition (vertical and horizontal load). The test results on initial stiffness and load capacity were investigated. Furthermore, comparisons between the analytical and experimental data for load-displacement curves were initiated. In addition, we evaluated the applicability of a snug bolt for the PEB frame in the field.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.215-236
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• 2014

The flexural behaviour of steel beams significantly affects the structural performance of the steel frame structures. In particular, the flexural overstrength (namely the ratio between the maximum bending moment and the plastic bending strength) that steel beams may experience is the key parameter affecting the seismic design of non-dissipative members in moment resisting frames. The aim of this study is to present a new formulation of flexural overstrength factor for steel beams by means of artificial neural network (NN). To achieve this purpose, a total of 141 experimental data samples from available literature have been collected in order to cover different cross-sectional typologies, namely I-H sections, rectangular and square hollow sections (RHS-SHS). Thus, two different data sets for I-H and RHS-SHS steel beams were formed. Nine critical prediction parameters were selected for the former while eight parameters were considered for the latter. These input variables used for the development of the prediction models are representative of the geometric properties of the sections, the mechanical properties of the material and the shear length of the steel beams. The prediction performance of the proposed NN model was also compared with the results obtained using an existing formulation derived from the gene expression modeling. The analysis of the results indicated that the proposed formulation provided a more reliable and accurate prediction capability of beam overstrength.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2001

many steel tubular truss as roof structures are used of the large span structures Steel tubular sectioned truss has the structural merits in compared with other sections such as H, L-shape sections However it occurs local buckling at the joint of branch in truss and it makes the deterioration of loading capacity Loading capacity and deformation characteristics of truss joints are very complicate so it is very hard to predict exact solution of them Therefore this thesis dealt with T-type joints of steel circular hollow sectioned truss. A series of experimental scheme were planned and mainly experimental parameters were : ratio of diameter of branch-diameter of main chord(d/D). diameter-thickness(T/D) of main chord. In this paper predicted yield load capacity using by closed ring analysis method additionally compared with that of suggested by closed ring analysis method additionally compared with that of suggested by other countries.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.30-40
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• 2017

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive diagnostic technique that may be useful for both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the periodontium. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is another noninvasive imaging technique capable of providing submicron spatial resolution. The purpose of this study was to present periodontal images obtained using ex vivo dental OCT and to compare OCT images with micro-CT images and histologic sections. Methods: Images of ex vivo canine periodontal structures were obtained using OCT. Biologic depth measurements made using OCT were compared to measurements made on histologic sections prepared from the same sites. Visual comparisons were made among OCT, micro-CT, and histologic sections to evaluate whether anatomical details were accurately revealed by OCT. Results: The periodontal tissue contour, gingival sulcus, and the presence of supragingival and subgingival calculus could be visualized using OCT. OCT was able to depict the surface topography of the dentogingival complex with higher resolution than micro-CT, but the imaging depth was typically limited to 1.2-1.5 mm. Biologic depth measurements made using OCT were a mean of 0.51 mm shallower than the histologic measurements. Conclusions: Dental OCT as used in this study was able to generate high-resolution, cross-sectional images of the superficial portions of periodontal structures. Improvements in imaging depth and the development of an intraoral sensor are likely to make OCT a useful technique for periodontal applications.