• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.151-158
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• 1999

Distribution-free tests are proposed for AB/BA 2*2 cross-over design data based on placements introduced by Orban and Wolfe(1992). In this paper we suggest the homogeneity test or carry-over effects and also suggest the test for direct effects and the test for period effects under the same carry-over effects. The properties such as iterative asymptotic distribution for the proposed tests are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1327-1334
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• 2008

Mixed effect binomial regression models are widely used for analysis of correlated count data in which the response is the result of a series of one of two possible disjoint outcomes. In this paper, we consider kernel extensions with nonparametric fixed effects and parametric random effects. The estimation is through the penalized likelihood method based on kernel trick, and our focus is on the efficient computation and the effective hyperparameter selection. For the selection of hyperparameters, cross-validation techniques are employed. Examples illustrating usage and features of the proposed method are provided.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.135-138
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• 2012

The reduction of efficiency of missing observations on complete diallel cross designs are examined. we studies robustness of optimal block designs for estimating general combining ability against loss of missing observations in diallel cross. A-efficiencies suggest that these designs are fairly robust. Simple g-inverses may be found for the information matrices of the line effects which allow evaluation of expressions for the variances of the differences between the pairs of line effects with missing observations. we numerically calculate the reduction of efficiency for estimating general combining ability against loss of missing observations in diallel cross.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2009

Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify the effects of problem based learning (PBL) combined with simulation on the basic nursing competency of nursing students. Method: A pretest-posttest design with a nonequivalent control group was used to examine the effects of problem based learning combined with simulation for 9 weeks in a group of 283 nursing students. The PBL group of 141 students participated in PBL classes with simulation, 4 hours a week for 9 weeks compared to control group of 142 students who received the usual fundamental nursing class. Results: The group that had PBL with simulation showed significant increases in problem solving and self-directed learning competency, although there were no significant changes in communication competency as compared to the control group. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that PBL with simulation for nursing students may increase problem solving and self-directed learning competency and suggest that utilizing this teaching-learning method may be beneficial as an effective nursing education strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.813-823
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ionized calcium treatment on total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface in the slaughtering process. The growth of Escherichia coli was strongly inhibited in a medium prepared by using a 0.5% ionized calcium solution. The total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface and the scalding water was significantly increased as the number of scalding was increased (p<0.05). The total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface reached a plateau without a further increase as scalding was performed consecutively for 10 or more times. The total bacterial cross-contamination of the scalding water was significantly increased as the number of scalding was increased (p<0.05). The total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface of the chickens raised on a floor type farm was significantly higher than that of the chickens raised in a battery cages (p<0.05). The total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface of the chickens raised on a floor type farm was significantly lower in the 0.5% ionized calcium solution treatment group than in the control group (p<0.05).

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.15-33
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• 2017

This paper considers a Bayesian Network analysis for understanding the heterogeneous cross-category effects of different promotion activities and developing an efficient overall promotion strategy for a large retail store. More specifically we differentiate price reduction promotion and floor promotion and study their heterogeneous effect on consumer purchase behavior under a market basket setting. We then utilize Bayesian networks in identifying complex association structure in market basket dataset by analyzing the effects of different promotional activities and also include the effects of time, family income and size. We find from our Bayesian network analysis that the dominant cross-category promotion effect of price promotion is the indirect effect whereas the dominant cross-category promotion effect of floor promotion is the direct effect. Also, among the demographic variables we find that family size of the household is linked with more product categories compared to income and see that there are differences in the extent of the effects by product category. Finally, we also show the existence of products acting as a network hub and how they can be utilized by retailers faced with a limited marketing budget and suggest a more efficient promotion strategy.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.345-357
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• 1994

The differential equations governing free, in-plane vibrations of linearly elastic circular arches with variable cross-sections are derived and solve numerically for quadratic arches with three types of rectangular cross sections. Frequencies, mode shapes, cross-sectional load distributions, and the effects of rotatory inertia on frequencies are reported. Experimental measurements of frequencies and their corresponding mode shapes agree closely with those predicted by theory. The numerical methods presented here for computing frequencies and mode shapes are efficient and reliable.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2019

Subsequently, Part I [1], which was about the single-cell model, a composite thin-walled beam with a multi-cell of chord-wise asymmetric cross-section, was selected in this study. Moreover, the theoretical dynamic characteristics of the model were analyzed. For this analysis, mathematical modeling was performed by considering the warping restraint effects, transverse shear effects, taper ratio and cross-section ratio. Similar to part I, the mass, stiffness coefficients and Eigen frequencies of the multi-cell section considered were investigated. In particular, the comparison between the multi-cell and single-cell sections and the effects of the cross-section ratio and taper ratio of the model on the Eigen frequencies were analyzed. However, the results compared when the asymmetry of the section was considered and warping function were not corrected.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.653-667
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• 2019

Using cross-ties to connect cables together when forming a cable network is regarded as an efficient method of mitigating cable vibrations. Cross-ties have been extended and fixed on bridge decks or towers in some engineering applications. However, the dynamics of this kind of system need to be further studied, and the effects of extending cross-links to bridge decks/towers on the modal response of the system should be assessed in detail. In this paper, a system of two cables connected by an inter-supported cross-link with another lower cross-link extended to the ground is proposed and analyzed. The characteristic equation of the system is derived, and some limiting solutions in closed form of the system are derived. Roots of cable system with special configurations are also discussed, attention being given to the case when the two cables are identical. A predictable mode behavior was found when the stiffness of inter-connection cross-link and the cross-link extended to the ground were the same. The vector of mode energy distribution and the degree of mode localization index are proposed so as to distinguish global and local modes. The change of mode behaviors is further discussed in the case when the two cables are not identical. Effects of cross-link stiffness, cross-link location, mass-tension ratio, cable length ratio and frequency ratio on $1^{st}$ mode frequency and mode shape are addressed.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1995

This paper tries to estimate price and quality effects in US cross - sectional fisheries demand analysis using 1987-88 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey Data. The estimated results support to the hypothesis of quality effects in cross - sectional prices, which had been already proven by Cox and Wohlgenant(1986). But Since all zero observations for the respective incomes, expenditures and quantities are eliminated for the ease of computation, it may yield inconsistent estimates from selectivity bias.