• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.693-701
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate Quality of Life Index-Cancer (Q.L.I.-C) developed by Ferrans (1990) among Korean cancer patients. Method: This study design was exploratory factor analysis methodology. Q.L.I.-C was translated into Korean and reverse-translated into English. The subjects were 357 Korean patients with various cancers. Data were collected by questionnaires from May to August, 2000 and was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Principal Component Analysis for construct validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for reliability. Result: The range of factor loadings was .446～.841. The explained variance from the 5 extracted factors was 63.7% of the total variance. The first factor 'family' was 35.5%, and 'health & physical functioning', 'psychological', 'spiritual', and 'economic' factors were 11.5%, 6.9%, 5.6%, and 4.2% respectively. Because of cultural difference between Americans and Koreans, certain items such as sexuality, job status, and education were deleted from the extraction of factors in this study. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .9253 among the 28 items. Conclusion: Q.L.I.-C could be applied in measuring quality of life of Korean cancer patients. It also recommend to do further studiesfor validation of Q.L.I.-C American and Korean versions relating to cultural differences.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.194-202
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to develop and test a scale to measure the partnership between pediatric nurses and hospitalized children's parents. Methods: Instrument development process included construct identification based on concept analysis using the hybrid model of Shuwartz-Barcott and Kim (2000), a process which generated 42 initial items. This number was reduced to 35 items through content validity tests by 5 experts and face validity tests by 5 pediatric nurses and 5 parents of hospitalized children. The preliminary Pediatric Nurse Parent Partnership Scale (PNPPS) was administered to 186 pediatric nurses and 163 parents at eleven children's wards in four hospitals. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha. Results: Thirty-four items were selected for the final scale. Seven factors evolved from the factor analysis, which explained 68.4% of the total variance. The internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha, was .96 and reliability of the subscales ranged from .66 to .93. Conclusion: The PNPPS demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. It can be used to assess the partnership of pediatric nurses and parents in practice and research.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (K-GPCog) scale. Method: The K-GPCog consists of the 2 subscales, patients and caregivers. Using a sample of 412 community-based Korean older adults, internal consistency reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha. To evaluate validity of the K-GPCog, correlational analysis was conducted using Pearson r between K-GPCog and the Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire (KDSQ). Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the K-GPCog patients' and caregivers' subscales .788 and .794 respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficients were r=-.374, r=-.481, and r=-.493, respectively for the subscales of patients and primary caregivers, and total K-GPCog. The degree of diagnostic agreement about the risk for cognitive disorders of older adults showed 11.7% and 11.2% respectively for the K-GPCog and the KDSQ. Conclusion: The findings provided preliminary evidence of the K-GPCog as a useful screening measure for detecting mild cognitive disorders of Korean older adults. The K-GPCog is particularly useful to identify cognitive disorders from primary caregivers when it is difficult to assess the level of cognition of older adults.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2014

Purpose: The Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ) translated into Korean was modified to easily apply and reduce respondents' confusion and was evaluated for psychometric properties and discriminant ability. Methods: A total of 960 Korean adults aged 45 years and older participated in this cross-sectional survey. To test reliability, validity and discriminant ability, Cronbach's alpha, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, simple regression analysis and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis were used. Results: Item-total correlations ranged between 62~.85 and Cronbach's alpha was .95. Area under ROC was .86 (95% CI: .83~.90) and the optimal cutoff score was identified as ${\leq}$ 66 (sensitivity, .77; specificity, .84; positive/negative predictive values, .49/.95). Using this cutoff score, the prevalence of insomnia in the study sample was 25.8% and tended to be more common in female and older groups. Conclusion: The data supported the psychometric properties of Korean Modified Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (KMLSEQ) as an acceptable sleep measurement. In addition, KMLSEQ is likely to be a useful screening tool for insomnia.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.224-235
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and the validity of the Practice Environment Scale of Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) scale when applied to Korean psychiatric nurses working in the psychiatric hospital in Korea. Methods: Data from 224 psychiatric nurses working in the 6 psychiatric hospitals in Korea were analyzed using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, item total correlation, and exploratory factor analysis. Results: The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for the 27 items from the PES-NWI were .93, and the item total correlation coefficients ranged from .38 to .64. Six factors which explained 61.2 of variance in the perception of practice environment, emerged; nurse professional role and development, nurse manager ability, leadership, and support of nurses, staffing and resource adequacy, nursing foundation for quality of care, collegial nurse-physician relations, co-worker's ability and qualification. Five derived factors reconstructed, and two factors were renamed. Conclusion: Findings demonstrate that not all but 27 items from PES-NWI is a reliable and valid scale when applied to Korean psychiatric nurses working in Korea. Also findings indicate that Korean psychiatric nurses perceive practice environment differently than American nurses but have some point of similarities with Asian nurses working in the United States.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.93-101
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship among vanity, selfconsciousness, and brand consciousness. The subjects used for this study were three hundred and eighty-four female college students who live at Seoul and its suburb. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlations, and t-test were used. All instruments which were used for this study showed over 0.85 for Cronbach's alpha values. As the results, first, there were significant correlation relationships among vanity, self-consciousness, and brand consciousness in female college students. Second, there were significant differences between high self-consciousness group and low selfconsciousness group on vanity and two vanity variables such as physical view vanity and physical concern vanity. High self-consciousness group had higher scores on total vanity as expected. Also high self-consciousness group had higher scores on physical view vanity and physical concern vanity than low self-consciousness group. Finally, there were significant differences between high self-consciousness group and low self- consciousness group on brand consciousness. That is, compared to low self-c onsciousness group, high self-consciousness group showed higher brand consciousness significantly. Based on these results of this study, fashion brand management marketing strategies such as consumer-brand relationship marketing would be provided to fashion marketers or fashion retailers.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.532-538
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• 2007

In order to establish the standard symptoms in men and women and highly frequent symptoms(HFS) of Phlegm(痰) Blood Stasis(血於) Cold(寒) Heat(熱) Dryness(濕) pathogenesis(病機), 969 questionnaires were analyzed through Cronbach alpha value and Pearson's correlative efficient. The Cronbach ${\alpha}$ value of each pathogensesis was Phlegm(0.83500)${\cdot}$Cold(0.823272)${\cdot}$Heat(0.816344)${\cdot}$Dampness(0.760292)${\cdot}$Blood Stasis(0.692551)${\cdot}$Dryness(0.672783) respectively. Through this study of frequency number of symptoms, followings were found that the physiological differences of men and women made some differences of main symptoms in each pathogenesis, and the differences of several clinical symptoms in a pathogenesis were resulted from the difference of specimens between textbook and this study.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.155-166
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• 2011

The purposes of this study was to examine Chinese consumers's perception toward Korean fashion brands. Especially, this study aimed to compare the Chinese consumers in three local groups (Beijing, Shanghai, & Yangji). The subjects used for this study were one hundred ninety-six participants(male; 110, female; 86) in 20s age who live in China. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha, and t-test were used. Cronbach's alpha test revealed that all instruments which were used for this study had over 0.85. As the results, first, 67.9% of Chinese consumers perceived Korean brands correctly as Korean brands. Also, 42.5% of Chinese participants had purchased Korean fashion brand products such as Teenie Weenie or E-land. Second, there were not significant differences in brand attitudes among three group participants. However, there was a significant difference in 'brand preference' factor, one of three brand attitudes, between two ethnic groups. Finally, there were not signifiant differences in brand image, while there was a significant difference in intelligent brand image, one of 4 brand image factors, between two ethnic groups. These results of this study would be very useful for Korean fashion brand marketers in order to understand Chinese fashion consumers more details, and provide more efficient fashion marketing strategies.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.137-151
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Nurse's Character Scale for Care in Clinical settings (NCS_C). Methods: The NCS_C was developed and validated as follows: Item generation, preliminary test of questionnaire, and tests of validity and reliability. One hundred and thirty six preliminary items were developed through a literature review and in-depth interviews by 10 nurse-experts and five patients. The content validity of the items was verified through an evaluation by five nurses and seven professors in the fields of Korean literature, pedagogy and nursing. Finally, 53 items were confirmed through item analysis, factor analysis and validity tests including convergent, discriminant and concurrent validities. Data were analyzed using factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha. Results: Thirteen factors evolved from the factor analysis, which explained 63.1% of the total variance. The factors referred to the union of two dimensions: the professional dimension and the interpersonal dimension. The internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha, was .95, and reliability of the subscales ranged from .58 to .87. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the NCS_C is a reliable and valid primary scale to measure nurses' or students' character level for better care in clinical settings.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.120-128
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of a life respect instrument for elementary school students. Method: The study was conducted as follows: identification of the tentative content domains, items generation, test of content validity, and data collecting with a preliminary questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, Guttman split-half, and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. Results: Two factors were extracted through factor analysis: 'Value about life respect', and 'Attitude about life respect.' These factors explained 58.82% of all factors. A total of 16 items belonging to 2 domains were generated. Cronbach's alpha and Guttman split-half coefficient were .82, and .84 respectively. Conclusion: The life respect instrument modified in this study will be useful for evaluating the effect of life respect education for elementary school students.