• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.267-285
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• 2020

The Statement evidence is an important method of proof in the criminal investigation and trial. Under certain conditions set by Korean Criminal Procedure Law, paper records of interrogations are admissible in criminal courts. However, it is shown that distortions are ever-present in paper records. Therefore, this study attempted to examine the effect of the investigator's belief about the veracity of a suspect on distortions of paper records. Ninety police investigators were randomly allocated into one of the three conditions('guilty belief', 'innocent belief', 'neutral belief'), and all the investigators were then asked to document a paper record while watching a prefilmed interrogation interview of the crime. The results showed that (1) the investigator's belief had significant effects on distortions. (2) All groups did more commissions than omissions. (3) matters subject to interrogation also had significant effects on distortions. In the conclusion, implications and limitations of the study were disscussed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.299-303
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• 2022

The article examines the stage of verification of a crime report from the standpoint of the need for its legislative regulation. Moreover, it investigates the international experience in this field. The existing procedural models are described in detail on the example of the neighboring and faraway countries. An analysis of the provisions of the current criminal procedure law of Russia and foreign experience allowed the authors to identify existing problems in the implementation of departmental control and prosecutorial supervision at the stage of verifying a crime report. The aim of the study is to develop theoretical provisions and recommendations regarding the implementation of departmental procedural control and prosecutorial supervision over the activities of the investigator during the verification of reports of crimes, based on the study of experience, both in Russia and in a number of countries of the near and far abroad, which could find their reflection in law enforcement practice, as well as aimed at improving the current criminal procedure legislation. The authors substantiated the theory that a detailed examination of the foreign procedural foundations of checking a crime report will allow us to form the most suitable model for checking a crime report for our state, taking into account all possible features and successfully implement it into the current criminal procedural law of the Russian Federation.

• Korean Security Journal
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• 제15호
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• pp.147-171
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• 2008

This study examines the degrees of criminal investigators' job satisfaction and organizational commitment and investigates which factors determine the variations in them. In the first step of analysis, independent variables of criminal investigators' job satisfaction consist of work itself, achievement, responsibility, safety, stability, interpersonal relations, recognition, supervision, and opportunity of growth. In the second step, job satisfaction is a mediating variable and organizational commitment is a defendant variable. Organizational commitment is classified into three types - "affective", "continuance" and "normative". According to the structural equation model analysis, responsibility has a great influence on job satisfaction, and job satisfaction affects affective commitment and continuance commitment. This study suggests that job satisfaction should be increased to improve criminal investigators' organizational commitment. And responsibility is necessary for the improvement of job satisfaction. Despite the professional detective system operating in Korea since January 1, 2005, the level of criminal investigators' recognitions of safety, stability and opportunity of growth turn out to be low. Based on these findings, this study presents four ways to reform measures which are listed below. First, to improve a! n economical circumstance of criminal investigators, any expense associated with criminal investigation should be paid by organizations. Second, to improve safety of criminal investigators, it is necessary to develop and supply enough police equipments. Third, criminal investigators' working hours should be shorten. Fourth, to improve criminal investigators' responsibilities, criminal investigators should be allowed to conduct criminal investigation independently from the prosecution.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.75-97
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• 2022

Profiling is recognized as a representative application area of domestic criminal psychology, and the National Police Agency profiler is firmly established as a profession. However, compared to the social awareness, the recognition and utilization within the police is not high. In this study, we tried to identify factors affecting the intention to use profiling by identifying the perception of investigators who request and use profiling from a profiler when a violent incident occurs. To this end, the relationship between the perception of the importance of factors considered by investigators in the criminal investigation process and the attitude toward profiling on the intention to use profiling was verified through the path model. As a result of a survey of 340 police investigators, the investigator's perception of the importance of investigation elements was divided into two factors: the importance of normative investigative elements (evidence collection and legal judgment, etc.) and factual investigative elements (criminal analysis, criminal information system analysis, etc.). Among them, the importance of factual investigative elements were found to have a positive effect on the intention to use it by mediating the attitude toward profiling. On the other hand, in the case of the importance of normative investigative elements, it was found to have a negative effect on the attitude toward profiling. These results suggest that the perception that investigators have about investigation, which is their main work area, plays a role in determining whether to request profiling as well as attitude towards profiling. Based on the research results, strategies necessary to activate the use of profiling were discussed.

• Korean Security Journal
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• 제46호
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• pp.63-86
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• 2016

The object of this study is to propose a study on the Private Investigator usage for Cyber Crime. The latest trend of cyber crime is being evolve in sophisticated and complex way over the global, like internet fraud, cyber gambling, hacking and etc. Hence national investigative authority mobilize high specialized skills and method of criminal investigation by each nation. But it is hard to respond in rapid and effective way because of propoor, distribution of group and insufficient of related legal system. Already in other countries, not considerable amount of services are given to private investigators in detection and tracking part which is inefficient by nation. So it has significantly meaningful to compensate the defect and study about private investigator usage as companion of cooperation policing for effectively respond to cyber-crime. The way to effectively deal with the cyber-crime is reevaluate meaning of partnership policing and need of private investigator usage. Also it is to analyze the main issue about introduction of a system and suggest the effective way of introduction. First, legislation of private investigator usage which is based upon partnership policing should be made up. Moreover, to establish the range of private investigator's business and enhance the reliability, it is to propose introduction of leading professional global certificate and license system with sufficient education and test. We are expecting introduction of private investigator usage can improve efficiency of investigation and promote effective countermeasures of cyber-crime.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2023

Modern society is operated based on the internet, wireless networks, and digital devices to the extent that it is called a digital society. In particular, as most of financial transactions, information movement, and commercial activities are based online, various social problems and side effects related to this are increasing rapidly. Representative examples include industrial espionage activities and leakage of industrial technology, and social problems such as illegal goods trade such as drugs using online and online gambling are increasing to a serious level. These digital-based social problems cannot be solved only by the activities and capabilities of judicial institutions such as police and prosecutors. Now that the private investigation market is open, active intervention using them is necessary. To this end, it is necessary to actively cultivate private investigator's ability to investigate and collect evidence in relation to digital social and criminal problems. In addition, each private investigation education institution or association should actively invest and research this.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.315-319
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• 2022

Cloud computing has emerged to be the most effective headway for investigating crime especially cybercrime in this modern world. Even as we move towards an information technology-controlled world, it is important to note that when innovations are made, some negative implications also come with it, and an example of this is these criminal activities that involve technology, network devices, and networking that have emerged as a result of web improvements. These criminal activities are the ones that have been termed cybercrime. It is because of these increased criminal activities that organizations have come up with different strategies that they use to counter these crimes, and one of them is carrying out investigations using the cloud environment. A cloud environment has been defined as the use of web-based applications that are used for software installation and data stored in computers. This paper examines problems that are a result of cybercrime investigation in the cloud environment. Through analysis of the two components in play; cybercrime and cloud environment, we will be able to understand what are the problems that are encountered when carrying out investigations in cloud forensics. Through the use of secondary research, this paper found out that most problems are associated with technical and legal channels that are involved in carrying out these investigations. Investigator's mistakes when extracting pieces of evidence form the most crucial problems that take a lead when it comes to cybercrime investigation in the cloud environment. This paper not only flags out the challenges that are associated with cybercrime investigation in cloud environments but also offer recommendations and suggested solutions that can be used to counter the problems in question here. Through a proposed model to perform forensics investigations, this paper discusses new methodologies solutions, and developments for performing cybercrime investigations in the cloud environment.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.196-209
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• 2019

As a traditional method to apply fingerprint powder, brush method ("dusting") can create a risk to the health of crime scene investigators due to the inhalation toxicity of harmful and fine powders. Therefore, as a new method of applying powders, we tried to evaluate the potential of a chamber method for the development of latent fingerprint using fans in a closed chamber with a fixed capacity that can prevent the powders from being blown outside and exposed to the users, by comparing with the development results of the conventional brush method. Fingerprints on glass and plastic (PET) were extracted with black powder and green fluorescent powder, and the sharpness and minutiae of the developed fingerprints were compared for each method. The results of the black powder showed similar results, but the effect of the chamber method was slightly decreased when the green fluorescent powder was used. In order to improve the development with the green fluorescent powder, the mixture (50 : 50) of the fluorescent powder with the silica gel was tested and the results were similar to those of the brush method. It is expected that the chamber method has a high potential as a new powder application method considering the health of the crime scene investigator after fine tuning of development conditions with additional studies.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.245-257
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• 2022

In the Internet of Things (IoT) era, the types of devices used by one user are becoming more diverse and the number of devices is also increasing. However, a forensic investigator is restricted to exploit or collect all the user's devices; there are legal issues (e.g., privacy, jurisdiction) and technical issues (e.g., computing resources, the increase in storage capacity). Therefore, in the digital forensics field, it has been a challenge to acquire information that remains on the devices that could not be collected, by analyzing the seized devices. In this study, we focus on the fact that multiple devices share data through account synchronization of the online platform. We propose a novel way of identifying the user's interest through analyzing the remnants of targeted advertising which is provided based on the visited websites or search terms of logged-in users. We introduce a detailed methodology to pick out the targeted advertising from cache data and infer the user's interest using deep learning. In this process, an improved learning model considering the unique characteristics of advertisement is implemented. The experimental result demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively identify the user interest even though only one device is examined.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2021

OSINT(Open Source Intelligence), rapidly increasing on the surface web in various forms, can also be used for criminal investigations by using profiling. This technique has become quite common in foreign investigative agencies such as the United States. On the other hand, in Korea, it is not used a lot, and there is a large deviation in the quantity and quality of information acquired according to the experience and knowledge level of investigator. Unlike Bazzell's most well-known model, we designed a Korean-style OSINT-based profiling technique that considers the Korean web environment and provides timeline information, focusing on the improved workflow. The database schema to improve the efficiency of profiling is also presented. Using this, we can obtain search results that guarantee a certain level of quantity and quality. And it can also be used as a standard training course. To increase the effectiveness and efficiency of criminal investigations using this technique, it is necessary to strengthen the legal basis and to introduce automation technologies.